26 August 2008
© Commonwealth of Australia 2008 ISBN 978-0-642-71901-0
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Referral of inquiry Terms of reference Conduct of inquiry Background to inquiry Previous inquiries Current inquiry Australia's peacekeeping operations Scope and terminology Structure of report Acknowledgments Part I—Background to Peacekeeping
UN—maintaining peace Foundations for a peacekeeping operation Changing international environment Peacekeeping operations and the Cold War Peacekeeping operations in the post-Cold War era Brahimi Report Regional peacekeeping operations Conclusion Part II—Decision to participate
Threats to international peace Involvement of government agencies UN peacekeeping operations Interdepartmental consultation and National Security Committee of Cabinet Consultation with other countries Timeframe for decision Effectiveness of decision-making process Non-UN peacekeeping operations Conclusion
Australia's foreign policy interests Australia's security interests Mission mandate—the ideal Mission mandate—the reality Other key factors considered by government Conclusion
Humanitarian intervention Sovereignty and non-intervention Responsibility to Protect doctrine International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty report 2001 High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change (2004) 2005 World Summit Security Council resolutions Australia and the Responsibility to Protect doctrine Implementing the doctrine Responsibility to prevent Conclusion
UN operations Non-UN operations Australia's engagement in regional operations Consent and legal instruments International Stabilisation Force—Timor-Leste Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands Legality and legitimacy Conclusion
Rules governing conduct of deployment Use of force—legal considerations Force protection—health and safety of peacekeepers Mandates and rules of engagement Clarity of mandates Adequacy of mandates Adequacy of force protection Mental health Conclusion
Timeframe for peacekeeping operations Traditional operations Complex operations End state Exit strategy Milestones Conclusion Part III—Preparation and coordination for peacekeeping operations
Capacity Personnel Equipment Training for peacekeeping operations Pre-deployment training Scope for improvement Permanent peacekeeping capability Training in health, safety and wellbeing ADF's duty of care Conclusion
Changing AFP contribution Capability International Deployment Group Operational Response Group Personnel Equipment and logistics Training for peacekeeping operations Prerequisites for international policing Pre-deployment training Adequacy of pre-deployment training Training in health, safety and wellbeing Concerns relating to training and preparedness Conclusion
Separate and joint roles of ADF and AFP Removing capability gaps Enhancing interoperability Secondments
Introduction Government agencies and their roles Agency-specific training Training the trainers Contracting Conclusion
Coordination—strategic level RAMSI Peace Operations Working Group and other contacts Adequacy of existing arrangements Coordination—operational level Coordination—preparedness Staff secondments Joint training Adequacy of training Conclusion
Role of NGOs Importance of pre-deployment training and education Preparation Government–NGO coordination Importance of cooperation and coordination Planning at strategic level Joint preparation and training
Importance of CIMIC Defence CIMIC Doctrine Planning at pre-deployment level CIMIC at operational level Developing CIMIC capability Challenges for CIMIC Mutual misunderstanding NGOs—independence and impartiality Information sharing Command structures Summary of impediments Pre-deployment training Joint training exercises Suggestions for strengthening CIMIC Conclusion Part IV—Partnerships—Host and participating countries
Sovereignty and intervention Legitimacy and credibility Conflicting priorities Expectations Conduct of peacekeepers Local values and institution building Australia's dominance in the region Local ownership and capacity building Involving the host country Working with community groups Building local capacity—Australian Electoral Commission Conclusion
Common understandings Cultural and professional differences Conclusion
Language skills and cultural awareness DFAT and AusAID ADF AFP NGOs Joint training and exchange programs Women in peacekeeping operations—Resolution 1325 Role of women Implementation of Resolution 1325 in Australia Conclusion
Australia's engagement with the UN Australia's Permanent Mission to the UN Agency contact with the UN Placements in the UN DPKO Increasing representation in the UN Regional engagement ASEAN Regional Forum Pacific Islands Forum Proposed Australia–Pacific Islands Council Limits to regional capacity International engagement programs and future regional capacity Australian initiatives in the region UN programs in the region Global Peace Operations Initiative Part V—Safety and welfare of Australian personnel
Operational environment Command of Australian forces Information gathering Medical care of Australian peacekeeping personnel Rest and recreation Leave and redeployment Conclusion
Debriefing and medical clearance ADF AFP Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder ADF AFP ADF preventative measures Services available for PTSD in the ADF Care for personnel with PTSD or related illness Stigma of PTSD Statistics Health studies
Legislation Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986 Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004 Safety, Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 1988 Proposed legislation for the AFP Processing claims Onus of proof Medical records
Importance of recognition Conditions of service Differences between ADF and AFP Classification of service Recordkeeping of personnel movements Medals War Memorial Roll of Honour National Peacekeeping Memorial Knowledge of Australia's contribution to peacekeeping Part VI—Improving Australia's effectiveness
Evaluating peacekeeping operations Agencies' current evaluation practices ADF AFP Performance indicators Capturing lessons learnt Request to Auditor-General Whole-of-government evaluation Independent assessment Accountability Annual reports White paper on peacekeeping Conclusion
Current situation in Australia International models Canada United States Germany Nordic military training cooperation Sweden India Ghana Attitudes towards a peacekeeping institute Previous inquiry Evidence to current inquiry Committee's findings Asia–Pacific Centre for Civil–Military Cooperation
Committee Secretary Senate Standing Committees on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade PO Box 6100 Parliament House Canberra ACT 2600 Australia Phone: +61 2 6277 3538 Fax: +61 2 6277 5818 Email: fadt.sen@aph.gov.au
Committee Secretary Senate Standing Committees on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade PO Box 6100 Parliament House Canberra ACT 2600 Australia
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