Footnotes

CHAPTER 1 - Background

[1]        Votes and Proceedings, 28 August 2014, p. 765.

[2]        Journals of the Senate, 4 September 2014, p. 1421.

[3]        Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, p. 1. 

[4]        Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014 second reading speech, Senate Hansard, 4 September 2014, p. 90.

[5]        Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, p. 15.

[6]        Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
p. 15.

[7]        Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,  
p. 15.

[8]        Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
p. 15.

[9]        Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
p. 2.

[10]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
p. 61.

[11]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, p. 64.

[12]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
p. 64.

[13]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, p. 66.

[14]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
p. 66.

[15]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
p. 68.

[16]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
p. 68.

[17]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
p. 2.

[18]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
p. 75.

[19]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
p. 82.

[20]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
p. 85.

[21]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
p. 87.

[22]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
p. 88.

[23]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, pp 5–12.

[24]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
pp 5–12.

[25]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
p. 3.

CHAPTER 2 - A brief history of education reform

[1]        The Hon. Mr Christopher Pyne, MP, Leader of the House and Minister for Education, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, second reading speech, House of Representatives Hansard, 28 August 2014, p. 2.

[2]        Group of Eight Australia, Submission 46, p. 1.

[3]        Professor Scott Bowman, vice chancellor and President, Central Queensland University, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 3.

[4]        Group of Eight Australia, Submission 46, p. 12.

[5]        Professor Glyn Davis, Vice-Chancellor, University of Melbourne, address to the AFR Higher Education Conference, 13 March 2008.

[6]        Professor Glyn Davis, Vice-Chancellor, University of Melbourne, address to the AFR Higher Education Conference, 13 March 2008.

[7]        Tim Watts MP, World's envy: Australia's higher education system, Chifley Research Centre, available at: http://www.chifley.org.au/worlds-envy-australias-higher-education-system/ (accessed 2014).

[8]        The Higher Education Contribution Scheme, Parliamentary Library E-Brief, available at: https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/Publications_Archive/archive/hecs (accessed 13 October 2014). See also The Hon. John Dawkins MP, Minister for Employment, Education and Training, Higher Education: a policy statement, available at: http://www.voced.edu.au/content/ngv9695 (accessed 13 October 2014).

[9]        The Higher Education Contribution Scheme, Parliamentary Library E-Brief, available at: https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/Publications_Archive/archive/hecs (accessed 13 October 2014).

[10]      Fees planned years before Dawkins reforms: cabinet papers, The Australian, 1 January 2013, available at: http://www.theaustralian.com.au/higher-education/fees-planned-years-before-dawkins-reforms-cabinet-papers/story-e6frgcjx-1226545756724 (accessed 13 October 2014).

[11]      The green paper, available at: http://www.voced.edu.au/content/ngv9695 (accessed 13 October 2014). For the white paper see National Library of Australia catalogue, available at http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/455837 (accessed 13 October 2014).

[12]      The Higher Education Contribution Scheme, Parliamentary Library E-Brief, available at: https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/Publications_Archive/archive/hecs (accessed 13 October 2014).

[13]      The Conversation book review: The Dawkins Revolution, 25 Years On, http://theconversation.com/book-review-the-dawkins-revolution-25-years-on-19291 (accessed 13 October 2014).

[14]      Universities Australia, Submission 60, p. 6.

[15]      Fees planned years before Dawkins reforms: cabinet papers, The Australian, 1 January 2013, available at: http://www.theaustralian.com.au/higher-education/fees-planned-years-before-dawkins-reforms-cabinet-papers/story-e6frgcjx-1226545756724 (accessed 13 October 2014).

[16]      Fees planned years before Dawkins reforms: cabinet papers, The Australian, 1 January 2013, available at: http://www.theaustralian.com.au/higher-education/fees-planned-years-before-dawkins-reforms-cabinet-papers/story-e6frgcjx-1226545756724 (accessed 13 October 2014).

[17]      Fees planned years before Dawkins reforms: cabinet papers, The Australian, 1 January 2013, available at: http://www.theaustralian.com.au/higher-education/fees-planned-years-before-dawkins-reforms-cabinet-papers/story-e6frgcjx-1226545756724 (accessed 13 October 2014).

[18]      Reform of the higher education demand driven system, Budget review 2014–15 index, available at: https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/
Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/BudgetReview201415/HigherEdu (accessed 14 October 2014).

[19]      Department of Education, answer to question on notice, 10 October 2014, p. 16.

[20]      Universities Australia, Submission 60, p. 6.

[21]      Universities Australia, Submission 60, p. 6.

[22]      Unis slam abolition of full fees, The Age, 28 February 2014, available at: http://www.theage.com.au/news/education-news/unis-slam-abolition-of-full-fees/2008/02/27/1203788442781.html (accessed 21 October 2014).

[23]      'Gillard can't deny her part in perfect storm', the Hon Christopher Pyne MP, media release, 5 August 2009, available at: http://www.pyneonline.com.au/media/media-releases/gillard-cant-deny-her-part-in-perfect-storm (accessed 21 October 2014).

[24]      See http://www.industry.gov.au/highereducation/ResourcesAndPublications/ReviewOf
AustralianHigherEducation/Pages/default.aspx (accessed 13 October 2014).

[25]      Review of Higher Education in 2008 (the Bradley Review), final report, p. xii.

[26]      See Universities Australia, Submission 60, p. 6.

[27]      Parliamentary Library, Higher Education Support Amendment (Savings and Other Measures) Bill 2013, p. 2, available at: http://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/download/legislation/billsdgs/2880470/upload_binary/2880470.pdf;fileType%3Dapplication%2Fpdf

[28]      Daniel Hurst, 'Government rejects university fee hike', Sydney Morning Herald, 28 January 2013, available at: http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/government-rejects-university-fee-hike-20130128-2dgku.html (accessed 14 October 2014).

[29]      Universities Australia, Submission 60, p. 7.

[30]      Universities Australia, Submission 60, p. 7.

[31]      See Base Funding Review, available at: http://www.industry.gov.au/highereducation/Policy/
BaseFundingReview/Pages/default.aspx (accessed 15 October 2014).

[32]      See government response to Higher Education Base Funding Review Final Report, available at: http://www.industry.gov.au/highereducation/Policy/BaseFundingReview/Pages/ResponseToBaseFundingReview.aspx (accessed 21 October 2014).

[33]      The Hon. Dr David Kemp and Andrew Norton, Review of the Demand Driven Funding System, report, April 2014, p. x, available at: http://docs.education.gov.au/node/35537 (accessed 14 October 2014).

[34]      Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 3.

[35]      The Bradley Review, final report, p. xi.

[36]      Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 3.

[37]      The Hon. Mr Christopher Pyne, MP, Leader of the House and Minister for Education, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, second reading speech, House of Representatives Hansard, 28 August 2014, p. 2.

[38]      Universities Australia, Submission 60, p. 4.

[39]      Universities Australia, Submission 60, p. 4.

[40]      Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 4.

[41]      Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 4.

[42]      The Hon. Phillip Neville Honeywood, National Executive Director, International Education Association of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p, 2

[43]      Professor Gregory Craven, Vice-Chancellor, Australian Catholic University, Proof Committee Hansard, 23 September 2014, p. 7

[44]      Group of Eight Australia, Submission 46, p. 18; Regional Universities Network, Submission 56, p. 2, Universities Australia, Submission 60, p. 2.

[45]      Regional Universities Network, Submission 56, p. 2.

[46]      Professor Peter Dawkins, Vice-Chancellor and President, Victoria University, Mitchell Institute Policy Lecture, 22 May 2014, p. 2. Available at: http://www.vu.edu.au/sites/default/files/
mitchell-institute/pdfs/reconceptualising-tertiary-education.pdf (accessed 13 October 2014).

[47]      Group of Eight Australia, Submission 46, p. 4.

[48]      Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 3.

[49]      Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 3.

[50]      Deloitte Access Economics, The impact of changes to student contribution levels and repayment thresholds on the demand for higher education, p. 13, available at: http://www.industry.gov.au/highereducation/Policy/BaseFundingReview/Documents/HEstudentdemandreport.pdf (accessed 14 October 2014).

[51]      Deloitte Access Economics, The impact of changes to student contribution levels and repayment thresholds on the demand for higher education, p. 16, available at: http://www.industry.gov.au/highereducation/Policy/BaseFundingReview/Documents/HEstudentdemandreport.pdf (accessed 14 October 2014).

[52]      Universities Australia, Submission 60, p. 4.

[53]      Universities Australia, Submission 60, p. 7.

[54]      Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 2.

[55]      See for example Navitas, Submission 54; University of Notre Dame Australia, Submission 22; University of Western Australia, Submission 45; Australian Catholic Universities, Submission 25; Council of Private Higher Education Submission 48; CQ University, Submission 53; Avondale College of Higher Education, Submission 34, Group of Eight Australia, Submission 46; Holmesglen Institute, Submission 29; Universities Australia, Submission 60.

[56]      See for example University of South Australia Student Association, Submission 23; Politics, Philosophy and Economics Society of La Trobe University, Submission 49; National Tertiary Education Union, Submission 111; Mr Chris Jervis, Submission 2; Mr John McLaren, Submission 21; Australian Council of Deans of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, Submission 58.

CHAPTER 3 - Enhancing choice, innovation and access

[1]        See for example Universities Australia, Submission 60, p. 4.

[2]        Regulation Impact Statement, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, p. 70. See also Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014. See also Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, Bills Digest No. 33. 2014–15, 8 October 2014, available at: http://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/download/legislation/billsdgs/3436314/upload_binary/3436314.pdf;fileType=application/pdf (accessed 15 October 2014).

[3]        Australian Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 2.

[4]        Australian Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 2.

[5]        See for example Australian Education Union, Submission 68; Professor Jacqueline Phillips, Submission 1; National Tertiary Education Union, Submission 111; University of Melbourne Graduate Student Association, Submission 64, p. 2. See also Michelle See-Tho, 'Melbourne University students could face fee rises of more than 60 per cent, Vice-Chancellor Glyn Davis warns', The Age, 31 May 2014, available at: http://www.theage.com.au/victoria/melbourne-university-students-could-face-fee-rises-of-more-than-60-per-cent-vicechancellor-glyn-davis-warns-20140531-39ap1.html (accessed 15 October 2014).

[6]        University of Western Australia, Submission 45, p. 3.

[7]        Ms Helen Zimmerman, Group General Manager, Government and Stakeholder Relations, Navitas Limited, Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 52.

[8]        National Tertiary Education Union, Submission 111, p. 9.

[9]        Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 69, p. 1.

[10]      Politics, Philosophy and Economics Society of La Trobe University, Submission 49, p. 3.

[11]      Professor Gregory Craven, Vice-Chancellor, Australian Catholic University, Proof Committee Hansard, 23 September 2014, p. 8.

[12]      Profssor Gregory CVraven, Vice-Chancellor of the Australian Catholic University, Proof Committee Hansard, 23 September 2014, p. 9.

[13]      University of Western Australia, Submission 45, p. 4.

[14]      University of Western Australia, Submission 45, p. 4.

[15]      University of Canberra, Submission 79.

[16]      Mr Ben Phillips, Principal Research Fellow, National Centre for Social and Economic Modelling, University of Canberra, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 33.

[17]      See discussion, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, pp 37–38.

[18]      The Daily Telegraph, 19 October 2014,http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/university-debt-backflip-federal-government-to-dump-university-student-loan-hikes/story-fni0cx12-1227094918337 (accessed 23 October 2014).

[19]      Mr Matthew Simon, Secretary, Australian Liberal Students Federation, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 October 2014, p. 21.

[20]      Council of Private Higher Education, Submission 48, p. 3.

[21]      Council of Private Higher Education, Submission 48, p. 3.

[22]      Dr Donald Owers, AM, Chair, Council of Private Higher Education, Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 66.

[23]      See for example Australian Catholic University, Submission 25, p. 8; Australian National University, Submission 103, p. 1; University of Wollongong, Submission 139, p. 7; Group of Eight Australia, Submission 46, p. 41.

[24]      Professor Ian Young AO, Vice-Chancellor and President, Australian National University, Chair, Group of Eight Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 69.

[25]      Australian Medical Association, answer to questions on notice 3, 9 October 2014, p. 2.

[26]      See for example Dr Matthew Fitzpatrick, Submission 8, Professor John Quiggin, Submission 20; Mr Trent Bell, Submission 44; Dr Stephen Lake, Submission 43. See also Ms Jessica Dean, President, Australian Medical Students Association, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 October 2014, pp 14, 17.

[27]      Group of Eight Australia, Submission 46, p. 46.

[28]      Professor John Quiggin Submission 20, p. 4.

[29]      Professor John Quiggin Submission 20, p. 5.

[30]      Professor John Dewar, Chair, Legislation and Financing Working Group, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 16.

[31]      Group of Eight Australia, Submission 46, p. 38.

[32]      Mr Michael Gallagher, Executive Director, Group of Eight Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 71.

[33]      Professor John Dewar, Chair, Legislation and Financing Working Group, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 15.

[34]      Professor John Dewar, Chair, Legislation and Financing Working Group, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 15.

[35]      Professor John Dewar, Chair, Legislation and Financing Working Group, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 15.

[36]      Libby Hackett, Chief Executive of University Alliance (UK), A comparison of higher education funding in England and Australia: what can we learn?, April 2014, p. 12.

[37]      Professor John Dewar, Chair, Legislation and Financing Working Group, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 17.

[38]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 16.

[39]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 16. Specifically, in 2014 non- university higher education providers received subsidies for approximately 7 300 places. See: Explanatory Memorandum, p. 16.

[40]      Professor Timothy John Brailsford, Vice Chancellor, Bond University, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 62.

[41]      The University of Notre Dame Australia, Submission 22, p. 1.

[42]      Mr Warren Jacobson, Managing Director, Stud Group Australia P/L (Incorporating ACPE Limited), Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 58.

[43]      Professor Peter Roger Shergold, Chair, Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency Advisory Council, Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 75.       

[44]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 16.

[45]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 16.

[46]      Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 6.

[47]      The Hon. Dr David Kemp and Andrew Norton, Review of the Demand Driven Funding System, report, April 2014, p. 58, available at: http://docs.education.gov.au/node/35537 (accessed 14 October 2014).

[48]      Dr Charlotte Brack, Acting Deputy Director Programs – Higher Education, Northern Melbourne Institute of TAFE, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 43.

[49]      TAFE Directors Australia, Submission 100, p. 3.

[50]      Holmesglen Institute, Submission 29, p. 4.

[51]      Ms Maria Peters, Chief Executive Officer, Chisholm Institute, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 42.

[52]      Professor Brailsford, response to questions on notice, 9 October 2014, p. 1.

[53]      Ms Katrina Arch, Student, Endeavour College of Natural Health, Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 63.

[54]      Mr Anthony Donald, Student, Christian Heritage College, Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 62.

[55]      COPHE, Submission 48, p. 3.

[56]      Regulation Impact Statement, p. 60.

[57]      TAFE Directors Australia, Submission 100, p. 7.

[58]      Ms Helen Zimmerman, Group General Manager, Government and Stakeholder Relations, Navitas Limited, Proof Committee Hansard,7 October 2014,  p. 52.

[59]      Ms Mary Faraone, Chief Executive, Holmsglen Institute, Proof Committee Hansard, p. 42.

[60]      Dr Charlotte Brack, Acting Deputy Director Programs – Higher Education, Northern Melbourne Institute of TAFE, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 43.

[61]      Mr Warren Jacobson, Managing Director, Study Group Australia P/L (Incorporating ACPE Limited), Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 52.

[62]      Mr Warren Jacobson, Managing Director, Study Group Australia P/L (Incorporating ACPE Limited), Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 52.

[63]      Regulation Impact Statement, pp. 26–27.

[64]      Professor Peter Roger Shergold, Chair, Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency Advisory Council, Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 80.

[65]      Professor Peter Roger Shergold, Chair, Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency Advisory Council, Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 80.

[66]      Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 2.

[67]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, p. 9.

[68]      Department of Education, answers to questions on notice, 20 October 2014, p. 11.

[69]      Australian Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 8.

[70]      Ms Jenny Lambert, Director of Employment, Education and Training, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 18.

[71]      Review of the Demand Driven Funding System, Final report, p. x, available at: http://docs.education.gov.au/node/35537 (accessed 15 October 2014).

[72]      Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 9.

[73]      Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 10.

[74]      Professor Sandra Harding, Vice-Chancellor and President, James Cook University, Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 6.

[75]      Professor Andre Vann, Vice Chancellor, Charles Sturt University, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 68.

[76]      Regional Universities Network, Submission 56, p. 3.

[77]      Professor David Battersy, Vice Chancellor, Federation University of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 October 2014, p. 1. The 32 per cent increase in student fees is the Federation University of Australia's modelling in light of the proposed changes in the reform package. See Professor David Battersy, Vice Chancellor, Federation University of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 October 2014, p. 6.

[78]      Professor David Battersy, Vice Chancellor, Federation University of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, pp 5–6.

[79]      Professor Michael Barber, Vice Chancellor, Flinders University, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 October 2014, p. 8.

[80]      Ms Deanna Taylor, President, National Union of Students, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 October 2014, p. 12.

[81]      Professor Henry Ergas, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 82.

[82]      Department of Education, Submission 98, pp 9–10.

[83]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 15.

[84]      Regulation Impact Statement, p. 68.

[85]      Regulation Impact Statement, p. 68.

[86]      Department of Education, answers to questions on notice, 20 October 2014, p. 9.

[87]      Australian Government, Department of Industry, Base Funding Review, http://www.industry.gov.au/highereducation/Policy/BaseFundingReview/Pages/default.aspx, (accessed 21 October 2014).

[88]      Australian Government, Department of Industry, Base Funding Review, http://www.industry.gov.au/highereducation/Policy/BaseFundingReview/Pages/default.aspx, (accessed 21 October 2014).

[89]      Regulation Impact Statement, p. 68.

[90]      Department of Education, answers to questions on notice, 20 October 2014, p. 21.

[91]      Regulation Impact Statement, p. 68.

[92]      Department of Education, answers to questions on notice, 20 October 2014, p. 21.

[93]      Professor Deborah Terry, Vice Chancellor, Curtin University, Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 27; Professor Andrew Vann, Vice Chancellor, Charles Sturt University, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 60; Australian Catholic University, Submission 25, p. 3.

[94]      Professor John Dewar, Chair, Legislation and Financing Group, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 11.

[95]      Australian Catholic University, Submission 25, p. 3.

[96]      Charles Sturt University, Submission 61, p. 7.

[97]      Professor Andrew Vann, Vice Chancellor, Charles Sturt University, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 60.

[98]      Australian Catholic University, Submission 25, p. 3.

[99]      Professor John Dewar, Chair, Legislation and Financing Working Group, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 12.

[100]    Department of Education, answers to questions on notice, 20 October 2014, p. 21.

[101]    Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 9.

[102]    Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 9.

[103]    Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 9.

[104]    Higher Education Base Funding Review, October 2011, p. 54.

[105]    Department of Education, questions on notice, 20 October 2014, p. 21.

CHAPTER 4 - The future of HECS

[1]        Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, p. 82.

[2]        Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, p. 82.

[3]        Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, Schedule 7. See also: Explanatory Memorandum, p. 2.

[4]        Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, Schedule 7. See also: Explanatory Memorandum, p. 82.

[5]        Hon. Dr David Kemp and Andrew Norton, Review of the Demand Driven Funding System, 2014, p. 40.

[6]        Hon. Dr David Kemp and Andrew Norton, Review of the Demand Driven Funding System, 2014, p. xii.

[7]        Higher Education Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, Schedule 1.

[8]        Australian Government, StudyAssist, http://studyassist.gov.au/sites/studyassist/news/pages/
changes-to-hecs-help-discounts-and-voluntary-repayment-bonus, (accessed 20 October 2014).

[9]        Australian Government, StudyAssist, http://studyassist.gov.au/sites/studyassist/news/pages/
changes-to-hecs-help-discounts-and-voluntary-repayment-bonus, (accessed 20 October 2014).

[10]      Business Council, Submission 99, p. 17.

[11]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 9.

[12]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 8.

[13]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 9.

[14]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
Schedule 6. See: Explanatory Memorandum, p. 2.

[15]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
Schedule 6. Explanatory Memorandum, p. 2.

[16]      Evocca College, Submission 141, p. 2.

[17]      Miss Emily Elsworth, Student, Academy of Design Australia, Proof committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, pp 60–67.

[18]      Group of Eight, Submission 46, p. 46.

[19]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014,
Schedule 3.

[20]      Reserve Bank of Australia, http://www.rba.gov.au/statistics/tables/xls/f02hist.xls (accessed 24 October 2014).

[21]      Australian Bureau of Statistics, http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/mf/6401.0? opendocument#from-banner=LN (accessed24 October 2014).

[22]      Group of Eight, Submission 46, p. 46.

[23]      Chapman, B. (1996) The rationale for the Higher Education Contribution Scheme, Australian Universities Review, 1/1996, pp. 43ff quoted by ACCI, Submission 140, p. 8.

[24]      Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, Schedule 4. See: Explanatory Memorandum, p. 2.

[25]      Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, Schedule 4. See: Explanatory Memorandum, p. 9.

[26]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 9.

[27]      The Hon. Mr Christopher Pyne, MP, Leader of the House and Minister for Education,
Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, second reading speech,
House of Representatives Hansard, 28 August 2014, p. 3.

[28]      The Hon. Mr Christopher Pyne, MP, Leader of the House and Minister for Education,
Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, second reading speech,
House of Representatives Hansard, 28 August 2014, p. 3.

[29]      Group of Eight, Submission 46, p. 34.

[30]      Professor Bruce Chapman, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 60.

[31]      Group of Eight, Submission 46, p. 34.

[32]      Group of Eight, Submission 46, p. 46.

[33]      COPHE, Submission 48, p. 3.

[34]      Universities Australia, Submission 60, p. 17.

[35]      COPHE, Submission 48, p. 3.

[36]      Ms Helen Zimmerman, Group General Manager, Government and Stakeholder Relations, Navitas Limited, Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 50.

[37]      Universities Australia, Submission 60, p. 17. See also: Ms Belinda Robinson, Chief Executive, Universities Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 18.

[38]      Ms. Lee Thomas, Federal Secretary, Australian and Midwifery Federation, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 19.

[39]      Ms Jeannie Rea, National Tertiary Education Union, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 47.

[40]      Mr Ben Phillips, Principal Research Fellow, National Centre for Social and Economic Modelling, University of Canberra, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 35.

[41]      Mr Ben Phillips, Principal Research Fellow, National Centre for Social and Economic Modelling, University of Canberra, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 37.

[42]      Professor Henry Ergas, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 79.

[43]      Professor John Chapman, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 53.

[44]      Dr Timothy Higgins and Professor Bruce Chapman, Submission 83, p. 6.

[45]      Professor John Chapman, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 54.

[46]      Dr Timothy Higgins and Professor Bruce Chapman, Submission 83, p. 8.

[47]      Department of Education, response to questions on notice, 20 October 2014, p. 13.

[48]      Mr Andrew Norton, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 31.

[49]      Professor Bruce Chapman, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 54.

[50]      Professor Bruce Chapman, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 54.

[51]      Department of Education, response to questions on notice, 20 October 2014, p. 14.

[52]      Department of Education, response to questions on notice, 20 October 2014, p. 13.

CHAPTER 5 - Research excellence

[1]        Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, schedule 5.

[2]        The Hon. Mr Christopher Pyne, MP, Leader of the House and Minister for Education,
Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, second reading speech,
House of Representatives Hansard, 28 August 2014, p. 4.

[3]        The Hon. Mr Christopher Pyne, MP, Leader of the House and Minister for Education,
Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, second reading speech,
House of Representatives Hansard, 28 August 2014, p. 4.

[4]        Department of Education, Submission 98, p. 3.

[5]        The Hon. Mr Christopher Pyne, MP, Leader of the House and Minister for Education,
Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, second reading speech,
House of Representatives Hansard, 28 August 2014, p. 4.

[6]        Department of Education, Submission 98, pp 10–11.

[7]        Australian Government, Australian Research Council, Excellence in Research for Australia 2012, National Report, 2012, Section 2.

[8]        Australian Government, Australian Research Council, Excellence in Research for Australia 2012, National Report, 2012, Section 4 and p. II.

[9]        Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, p. 3.

[10]      The Hon. Mr Christopher Pyne, MP, Leader of the House and Minister for Education,
Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, second reading speech,
House of Representatives Hansard, 28 August 2014, p. 4.

[11]      Australian Research Council, Submission 97, p. 2.

[12]      Australian Research Council, Submission 97, p. 2.

[13]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, pp 68–69.

[14]      The Hon. Mr Christopher Pyne, MP, Leader of the House and Minister for Education,
Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, second reading speech,
House of Representatives Hansard, 28 August 2014, p. 4.

[15]      Department of Education, Submission 98, pp 10–11.

[16]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, p. 10.

[17]      Explanatory Memorandum, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, p. 9.

[18]      Department of Education, Submission 98, pp 10–11.

[19]      Innovative Research Universities, Submission 98, p. 10.

[20]      Council of Deans and Directors of Graduate Research, Submission 118, p. 1.

[21]      Professor Jacqueline K. Phillips, Submission 1, pp 1–2.

[22]      Department of Education, Submission 98, pp 10–11.

[23]      Department of Education, answer to question on notice, 10 October 2014, p. 3.

CONCLUSION

[1]        The Hon Christopher Pyne MP, address to the National Press Club, Canberra, available at: https://ministers.education.gov.au/pyne/address-national-press-club-canberra-spreading-opportunity-and-staying-competitive-why-we-need (accessed 21 October 2014).

[2]        Professor Ian Robert Young AO, Vice-Chancellor and President of the Australian National University and Chair of the board of Group of Eight Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 69.

[3]        Professor Ian Young, AO, Vice Chancellor and President, Australian National University, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 68.

LABOR SENATORS’ DISSENTING REPORT -  

[1]        Tertiary Education and Quality Standards Agency, Statistics report on TEQSA registered higher education providers, 2014, p. 3.

[2]        Professor John Quiggin, Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 7.

[3]        Andrew Norton, Grattan Institute, Mapping Australian higher education 2014–15, October 2014, p. 71, http://grattan.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/816-mapping-higher-education-2014.pdf (accessed 28 October 2014).

[4]        Australian Bureau of Statistics, Education and Work, Australia (cat. no. 6227.0), May 2013.

[5]        Parliamentary Budget Office, Projections of government spending over the medium term, August 2014.

[6]        Professor Stephen Parker, Vice-Chancellor, University of Canberra, Proof Committee Hansard,  7 October 2014, p. 35.

[7]        Essential Report, Government Decisions, 7 October 2014, http://essentialvision.com.au/
government-decisions-2 (accessed 28 October 2014).

[8]        Ms Laura Wey, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 October 2014, p. 16.

[9]        The Hon. Tony Abbott, then Leader of the Opposition, Address to Universities Australia Higher Education Conference 28 February 2013.

[10]      Liberal Party of Australia, Real Solutions, January 2013, pp 40–41.

[11]      The Hon. Christopher Pyne, then Shadow Minister for Education, Media Release: Coalition will not cap places or raise HECS, 26 August 2012, http://www.pyneonline.com.au/media/
media-releases/coalition-will-not-cap-places-or-raise-hecs (accessed 28 October 2014).

[12]      The Hon. Tony Abbot, ABC AM, 5 September 2013.

[13]      The Hon. Christopher Pyne, Sky News, 17 November 2013.

[14]      Rev. W. J. Uren, Submission 16.

[15]      Professor Peter Shergold, Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 81.

[16]      University of Technology Sydney, Submission 96, pp 1–2.

[17]      Deakin University, Submission 71, p. 5.

[18]      Andrew Norton, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 26.

[19]      Christopher Pyne, Speech at the Policy Exchnage, Education: Our competitive challenge,
28 April 2014, http://www.policyexchange.org.uk/modevents/item/education-our-competitive-challenge-with-the-hon-christopher-pyne-mp-australian-minister-of-education (accessed 28 October 2014).

[20]      Vicki Thomson, Executive Director, Australian Technology Network of Universities, Proof Committee Hansard, 7 October 2014, p. 27.

[21]      Office of Best Practice Regulation, Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, Guidance Note: Best Practice Consultation, July 2014.

[22]      Professor Stephen King, quoted in University fee deregulation a ‘recipe for disaster’, The Australian, 24 September 2014.

[23]      Thomas Pikkety, Capital in the Twenty First Century, p. 485.

[24]      Department of Education, supplementary answers to questions on notice, 24 October 2014.

[25]      Andrew Norton, Grattan Institute, Mapping Australian higher education 2014–15, October 2014, p. 41, http://grattan.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/816-mapping-higher-education-2014.pdf (accessed 28 October 2014).

[26]      Parliamentary Budget Office, Projections of government spending over the medium term, August 2014.

[27]      Group of Eight Australia, Submission 46.

[28]      Universities Australia, Submission 60.

[29]      Universities Australia, Submission 60.

[30]      National Tertiary Education Union, Submission 111.

[31]      Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Education at a Glance 2014,
p. 232.

[32]      Parliamentary Budget Office, Projections of government spending over the medium term, August 2014, https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/
Parliamentary_Budget_Office/reports/Projections_of_Government_spending_over_the_medium_term (accessed 28 October 2014).

[33]      Professor John Quiggin, Submission 20, p. 3.

[34]      Liam Fitzgibbon, Australian unis improve in world rankings, The Australian, 2 October 2014.

[35]      University of Technology Sydney, Submission 96, p. 1.

[36]      Australian Government, Department of Education, International Education Advisory Council, Australia – Education Globally (Chaney Report), 27 February 2013.

[37]      Professor Peter Lee, Chair, Regional Universities Network, answer to question on notice, 15 October 2014.

[38]      University of Western Australia, Submission 45.

[39]      Australian Government, Budget at a glance, May 2003, http://www.budget.gov.au/2003-04/at_a_glance/html/at_a_glance.htm (accessed 29 August 2014).

[40]      Sophie Morris, Architect of HECS tips big fee rises, Weekend Australian, 17 May 2003, p. 11.

[41]      Brendan Nelson, We can vault the Crossroads, The Australian, 4 June 2003, accessed
29 August 2014.

[42]      Brendan Nelson, Main Committee: Appropriation Bill (No. 1) – consideration in detail, House of Representatives Debates,18 June 2003, p. 1695.

[43]      Professor John Dewar, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 16.

[44]      Mr Paul Wappett, Chief Executive Officer, Open Universities Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, Friday 10 October, p. 32.

[45]      Robert Griew, Associate Secretary, Department of Education, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 October 2014, p. 70.

[46]      Department of Education, answers to questions on notice, 20 October 2014, p. 10, p. 18, p. 22.

[47]      John Grundy, Will Australia learn from New Zealand's mistakes in higher education, The Conversation, 10 October 2014, http://theconversation.com/will-australia-learn-from-nzs-mistakes-in-higher-education-32669 (accessed 13 October 2014).

[48]      University of Technology Sydney, Submission 96, p. 2.

[49]      Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Student Loan Debt by Age Group, 29 March 2013, http://www.newyorkfed.org/studentloandebt/index.html (accessed 16 October 2014).

[50]      Institute of Education Services, National Centre for Education Statistics, Fast Facts: Tuition costs of colleges and universities, http://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=76 (accessed
16 October 2014).

[51]      Andrew Dempster, Director, Government Relations, Swinburne University, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 October 2014, p. 7.

[52]      Andrew Norton, University fees will have to match their value, Australian Financial Review,
p. 47, 13 October 2014.

[53]      UWA runs, like the University of Melbourne, general degrees at the undergraduate level, along with professional degrees at the postgraduate level.

[54]      University of Western Australia, Submission 45, p. 4.

[55]      Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Education at a Glance 2014,
p. 232.

[56]      A 2013 report from the Australian Workforce and Productivity Agency looked at four economic growth scenarios, what kinds of skills the nation now has and what it will need. One of its findings was that, 'In the three higher-growth scenarios, qualification holding is expected to exceed 70% by 2025.'

[57]      Geoff Sharrock, Million-dollar degree pay-offs: how real are they?, The Conversation, 17 October 2014, http://theconversation.com/million-dollar-degree-pay-offs-how-real-are-they-32858 (accessed 28 October 2014).

[58]      Annie Butler, Assistant Federal Secretary, Australian Nurses and Midwifery Federation, Proof Committee Hansard,  8 October 2014, p. 23.

[59]      Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 104, p. 11.

[60]      Dr Stephen Parnis, Vice President, Australian Medical Association, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 7.

[61]      Dr Stephen Parnis, Vice President, Australian Medical Association, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 7.

[62]      Dr Stephen Parnis, Vice President, Australian Medical Association, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 7.

[63]      Angelo Gavrielatos, Federal President, Australian Education Union, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 48.

[64]      Angelo Gavrielatos, Federal President, Australian Education Union, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 48.

[65]      Angelo Gavrielatos, Federal President, Australian Education Union, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 50.

[66]      Australian Veterinary Association, Submission 125, p. 2.

[67]      For example University of Western Australia, Submission 45, p. 4. 

[68]      Health Gilmore and Matthew Knott, Fears uni cuts could stifle infrastructure, Brisbane Times, 3 June 2014.

[69]      Andrew Trounson, Engineering deans see fees backlash, The Australian, 23 June 2014.

[70]      Professor David Battersby, Vice-Chancellor, Federation University, Proof Committee Hansard, ­­­­­­Friday 10 October, pp. 5-6.

[71]      The Hon. Tony Abbott, then Leader of the Opposition, Address to Universities Australia Higher Education Conference 28 February 2013.

[72]      Australian Government, Office of the Chief Scientist, Mathematics, Engineering and Science in the National Interest, May 2012.

[73]      University of Newcastle, Submission 119, p. 8.

[74]      Federation University, Submission 72, p. 6.

[75]      Andrew Trounson, Uni reforms hurt regional students and unis: Lee Dow, The Australian,
29 July 2014.

[76]      Professor David Battersby, Vice Chancellor, Federation University, Proof Committee Hansard 10 October 2014, p. 23.

[77]      Deakin University, Submission 71, pp 3–4.

[78]      Professor Peter Lee, Vice Chancellor, Southern Cross University, Proof Committee Hansard,
 7 October 2014, p. 36.

[79]      $100 million a year for the fund and $40 million a year in pooled Commonwealth scholarships.

[80]      Chris Ryan, Impact of the Australian Higher Education Funding Reforms, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research Policy Brief No. 2/14, August 2014, p. 2.

[81]      Chris Ryan, Impact of the Australian Higher Education Funding Reforms, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research Policy Brief No. 2/14, August 2014, p. 2.

[82]      Dr Timothy Higgins, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 56.

[83]      Andrew Dempster, Swinburne University, Proof Committee Hansard, Friday 10 October, p. 2.

[84]      University of Newcastle, Submission 119, p. 9.

[85]      Angelo Gavrielatos, Federal President, Australian Education Union, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, p. 49.

[86]      Dr Timothy Higgins, Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014, p. 57.

[87]      Regulation Impact Statement, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, p. 93.

[88]      Monash University, Submission 101, p. 2.

[89]      James Cook University, Submission 89, p. 2.

[90]      Ms Meghan Hopper, National President, Council of Australian Postgraduate Associations, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 October 2014, p. 23.

[91]      University of Newcastle, Submission 119, p. 6.

[92]      RMIT University, Submission 117, p. 3

[93]      Regulation Impact Statement, Higher Education and Research Reform Amendment Bill 2014, p. 53.

[94]      Pat Forwood, Australian Education Union, Proof Committee Hansard,  8 October 2014, p. 51.

[95]      Martin Riordan, TAFE Directors, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014 p. 41.

AUSTRALIAN GREENS' DISSENTING REPORT

[1]        Committee majority report, p. 14.

[2]        National Tertiary Education Union (NTEU), Submission 111, p. 9.

[3]        NTEU, Submission 111, p. 17

[4]        National Union of Students, Submission 130, p. 19.

[5]        Proof Committee Hansard, 9 October 2014.

[6]        Chapman, B., 'The rationale for the Higher Education Contribution Scheme', Australian Universities Review, January 1996, p. 43ff, quoted by Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission 140, p. 8.

[7]        The Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014.

[8]        Innovative Research Universities, Submission 98, p. 10.

[9]        Council of Deans and Directors of Graduate Research, Submission 118, p. 1.

[10]      Council of Australian Postgraduate Associations, Submission 132, p. 3.

[11]      Australian Education Union, Proof Committee Hansard, 8 October 2014, pp 50–51.