Footnotes

Footnotes

Introduction - The workplace relations legislation amendment (More jobs, better pay) Bill 1999

[1]           The Hon. Peter Reith MP, House of Representatives Hansard, 29 July 1999, p. 8265

Chapter 1 - Overview

[1]           Consideration of the Workplace Relations and Other Legislation Amendment Bill 1996, Report of the Senate Economics References Committee, August 1996, Appendix 4

[2]           Evidence, Mr Reginald Hamilton, Canberra, 1 October 1999, pp. 35-6

[3]           Evidence, Mr David Buckingham, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 103

[4]           Evidence, Mr Leigh Hubbard, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 63

[5]           National Wage Case Decision, Full Bench, 10 March 1987, Print G6800

[6]           National Wage Case Decision, Full Bench, 12 August 1988, Print H4000

[7]           National Wage Case Decision, Full Bench, 30 October 1991, Print K0300

[8]           Safety Net Adjustment and Review Decision, Full Bench, 21 September 1994, Print L5300, p. 39

[9]           National Wage Case Decision, Full Bench, 30 October 1991, Print K0300

Chapter 2 - Objects of the workplace relations ACT 1996

[1]           OECD, Economic Outlook – Preliminary Edition, November 1999, OECD, Paris, p. 57

[2]           Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4385

[3]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2231

[4]           Submission No. 457, Australian Business Limited, vol. 22, p. 5401

[5]           Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2569

[6]           Submission No. 520, New South Wales Government, vol. 26, pp. 6925-6

[7]           Submission No. 441, Women for Workplace Justice, vol. 21, pp. 5180-81

[8]           Evidence, Ms Jenny George, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 26

[9]           See for instance submission No. 267, Master Builders Australia Inc., vol. 6, p. 1231; Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, pp. 2577-8; Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3408

[10]         Submission No. 497, New South Wales Minerals Council Limited, vol. 24, p. 6363

[11]         ibid., pp. 6363-4

[12]         See Submission No. 267, Master Builders Australia Inc., vol. 6, pp. 1231-2; Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association of South Australia, vol. 14, pp. 3096-7

[13]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2081

[14]         Submission No. 506, The Australian Workers’ Union Queensland Branch, vol. 25, p. 6457

[15]         Submission No. 329, The Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, pp. 2084-5

[16]         Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, pp. 4363-5

[17]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2104

[18]         ibid., pp. 2116, 2120

[19]         Evidence, Mr Mordy Bromberg, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, pp. 208-9

[20]         Submission No. 460, International Centre for Trade Union Rights, vol. 22, pp. 5584-5

[21]         Evidence, Mr Jonathan Hamberger, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 487

[22]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2140

[23]         Evidence, Ms Sally McManus, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 264

[24]         Submission No. 267, Master Builders Australia Inc., vol. 22, p. 5770

[25]         Evidence, Mr Tony Maher, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 274

[26]         Evidence, Mr Kilian Jeffers, Brisbane, 27 October 1999, p. 450

[27]         Submission No. 424, Australian Manufacturing Workers’ Union, vol. 20, p. 4765

[28]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2153

[29]         ibid., p. 2156

[30]         Submission No. 441, Women for Workplace Justice Coalition, vol. 21, p. 5185

[31]         Evidence, Ms Susan Halliday, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p.379

[32]         Evidence, Mr Barry Leahy, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 540

[33]         Evidence, Mr Jonathan Hamberger, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 490

[34]         See Submission No. 496, Dr Barbara Pocock, vol. 24, p. 6194, and Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p. 5800

[35]         Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p. 5810

[36]         Submission No. 497, New South Wales Minerals Council, vol. 24, pp. 6364-6

[37]         Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p. 5881

[38]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, pp. 2163, 2166

[39]         ibid., p. 2169

[40]         ibid., pp. 2169-71

[41]         Pregnant and Productive: it’s a right not a privilege to work while pregnant, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, 1999

[42]         Evidence, Mr Mordy Bromberg, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 206

[43]         Evidence, Mr Barry Leahy, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 5

Chapter 3 - The impact of the workplace relations ACT 1996

[1]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, pp. 2226-7

[2]           ibid., p. 2202

[3]           ibid., p. 2196

[4]           Submission No. 441, Women for Workplace Justice Coalition, vol. 21, pp. 5190-2

[5]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2199

[6]           see chart 25 in Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2227

[7]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, pp. 2227-30

[8]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2221

[9]           ibid., p. 2223

[10]         Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, pp. 4387

[11]         Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p.3408

[12]         Evidence, Mr Bernie Yates, Canberra 1 October 1999, p. 13

[13]         Evidence, Ms Linda Rubenstein, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 22

[14]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2574

[15]         Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, Questions on notice from Canberra hearing 1 October 1999.

[16]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2239-40

[17]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p.2622

[18]         Submission No. 267, Master Builders Australia Inc., vol. 6, p. 1234

[19]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2241

[20]         See for example Submission No. 267, Master Builders Australia Inc., vol. 6, pp. 1235-7, and Submission No. 381, Australian Mines and Metals Association, vol. 13, pp. 2850-1

[21]         Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, pp. 4391-3

[22]         Employment Security and Working Hours – A national survey of current workplace issues, prepared by Yann Campbell Hoare Wheeler for the Australian Council of Trade Unions, 1999

[23]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, pp. 2250-1

[24]         Submission No. 473, Queensland Government, vol. 23, p. 5947

[25]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, pp. 2221-5

[26]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2576

[27]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2259

[28]         Submission No. 398, Job Watch Inc., vol. 14, p. 3231; Submission No. 484, Fitzroy Legal Service, vol. 24, p. 6160

[29]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2268

[30]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2277

[31]         ibid., p. 4427

[32]         Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4428

[33]         Submission No. 267, Master Builders Australia Inc., vol. 6, pp. 1235-6

[34]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2289

[35]         Submission No. 90, Professor Ronald Clive McCallum, vol. 2, p. 271

[36]         Submission No. 291, Rail, Tram and Bus Union, vol. 17, pp. 1348-9

[37]         Submission No. 473, Queensland Government, vol. 23, p. 5997

[38]         Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4434

Chapter 4 - Schedule 1 - Object of the workplace relations ACT

[1]           Explanatory Memorandum, p. 3

[2]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2321

[3]           The Continuing Reform of Workplace Relations: Implementation of More Jobs, Better Pay, May 1999, p. 13

[4]           Evidence, p. 176, Ms W Tobin, Jobwatch Inc.

[5]           Evidence, p. 307, Ms S Mayman, Trades and Labour Council of Western Australia.

[6]           Evidence, p. 324, Mr D Robinson, Community and Public Sector Union.

[7]           Submission No. 381, Australian Mines and Metals Association Inc., vol. 13, p. 2842

[8]           ibid., p. 7

[9]           Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, pp. 3331–40

[10]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2344

[11]         ibid.

[12]         Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4440

[13]         See Table 6, Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p. 5827

[14]         ibid., p. 5865

[15]         Evidence, Mr Bill Shorten, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 146

[16]         Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3274

[17]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2581

Chapter 5 - Schedule 2 - Renaming and restructuring the Australian industrial relations commission and registry

[1]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2323

[2]           Evidence, Professor Ronald Clive McCallum, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 349

[3]           Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4441

[4]           Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3275

[5]           Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2583

[6]           Submission No. 476, Australian Council of Social Services, vol. 23, p. 6074

[7]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2324

[8]           Evidence, Professor Keith Hancock, Canberra, 28 October 1999, pp. 515-6

[9]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, pp. 2322-3

[10]         Detailed in Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, pp. 3275-6

[11]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2326

[12]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2583

[13]         Submission No. 377, Professor J Isaac AO, vol. 12, p. 2686

[14]         Note that there are more Deputy Presidents appointed to the Commission, however, the other Deputy Presidents are dual appointees from State tribunals and are paid by their respective State tribunals.

[15]         Section 80

[16]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2327

[17]         See majority judgement of Dixon CJ, McTiernan, Fullagar and Kitto JJ in The Queen v. Kirby; Ex parte Boilermakers’ Society of Australia (1956) 94 CLR 254

[18]         Evidence, Professor Joe Isaac, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 58

[19]         Australian Industrial Relations Commission website: http://www.airc.gov.au/my_html/members.html, 3 November 1999

[20]         See, for example, minority judgement of Taylor J. in The Queen v. Kirby, ex parte Boilermakers’ Society of Australia (1956) 94 CLR 254: ‘(The special character of the arbitral functions) bear little, if any resemblance to executive or legislative functions as generally conceived; on the contrary, both in their nature and exercise they present a number of features which are characteristic of judicial functions.’

[21]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2327

[22]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p 2584; Submission No. 397, Australian Wool Selling Brokers Employers Federation, vol. 14, p. 3221

[23]         Submission No. 474, Chamber of Commerce and Industry Western Australia, vol. 23, p. 6013

[24]         Submission No. 458, Australian Nursing Federation (SA Branch), vol. 22, p. 5454

[25]         Submission No. 460, International Centre for Trade Union Rights, vol. 22, pp. 5501-2

[26]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2584 and Attachment D

[27]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2328

[28]         ibid.

[29]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2584

[30]         Submission No. 468, Law Council of Australia, vol. 22, p. 5732

[31]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2584

[32]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, pp. 2324-5.

[33]         Submission No. 481, Tasmanian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Ltd, vol. 24, p. 6144

[34]         Submission No. 299, Ms Bernadine Van Gramberg, Victoria University and Associate Professor Julian Teichner, Monash University, vol. 7, p. 1436

[35]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2584,

[36]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2325

[37]         Paragraph 63(1)(b) of the Workplace Relations Act

[38]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2330

Chapter 6 - Schedule 4 - Conciliation and Schedule 5 - Mediation

[1]           Subsection 89A(1) of the Workplace Relations  Act

[2]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2330

[3]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2331

[4]           Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3341

[5]           Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2606

[6]           Submission No. 474, Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Western Australia, vol. 23, p. 6015

[7]           Evidence, Mr John Moore, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 81

[8]           For example, see Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, pp. 4441-2; Submission No. 461, Australian Medical Association, vol. 22, p. 5628; Submission No. 414, Shop Distributive and Allied Employees Association, vol. 17, pp. 3796-9; Submission No. 416, Independent Education Union of Australia, vol. 18, p. 4299; Submission No. 295, Ansett Pilots Association, vol. 7, p. 1390; Submission No. 424, Australian Manufacturing Workers’ Union, vol. 20, p. 4794-5; Submission No 430, Newcastle Trades Hall Council, vol. 20, p. 5011; Submission No. 471, Australian Nursing Federation (WA Branch), vol. 23, pp. 5786-7; Submission No. 479, Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union (United Mineworkers’ Federation Division), vol. 23, pp. 6115-7

[9]           For example, see Submission No. 90, Professor Ronald Clive McCallum, vol. 2, p. 272; Submission 377, Professor Joe Isaac AO, vol. 12, pp. 2689-90

[10]         For example, see Submission No. 456, Mr Jim Nolan, Barrister, vol. 22, pp. 5377-9; Submission No. 460, International Centre for Trade Union Rights, vol. 22, pp. 5505-9

[11]         For example, see Submission No. 417, Federation of Ethnic Communities’ Councils of Australia Incorporated, vol. 18, p. 4316; Submission No. 440, Uniting Church in Australia Board for Social Responsibility, vol. 21, pp. 5161-2; Submission No. 429, Women’s Electoral Lobby, National Pay Equity Coalition and Business and Professional Women Australia (NSW Division), vol. 20, pp. 4895-6; Submission 441, Women for Workplace Justice Coalition, vol. 21, pp. 5188-9

[12]         Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, p. 3073

[13]         Submission No. 90, Professor Ronal Clive McCallum, vol. 2, p. 272

[14]         Submission No. 377, Professor Joe Isaac AO, vol. 12, p. 2689

[15]         Evidence, Mr Dave Oliver, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 395

[16]         Evidence, Mr John Ryan, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 138

[17]         Submission No. 267, Master Builders Australia Incorporated, vol. 6, p. 1238

[18]         See, for example, evidence, Mr Walter Stewien, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 163

[19]         Joint problem solving: does it work? An evaluation of ACAS in-depth advisory mediation, Kessler, I. and Purcell, J. ACAS Occasional Paper No. 55 http://www.acas.org.uk/pubs/occp55.htm (7 November 1999)

[20]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2333

[21]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2331

[22]         Submission No. 412, Slater and Gordon Solicitors, vol. 16, pp. 10-11

[23]         Evidence, Mr Walter Stewien, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 166

[24]         Evidence, Mr Bill Shorten, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, pp. 151-2

[25]         Evidence, Mr Lloyd Freeburn, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 74

[26]         Evidence, Mr Robert Herbert, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 44

[27]         ibid., p. 46

[28]         Evidence, Mr Walter Stewien, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 162

[29]         Evidence, Mr Rob Bastian, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 523

Chapter 7 - Schedule 6 - Awards

[1]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, pp. 2360-1

[2]           ibid., p. 2361

[3]           ibid., p. 2362

[4]           ibid., p. 2363

[5]           Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2604

[6]           Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, p. 3089

[7]           Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3340

[8]           Evidence, Mr Rob Bastian, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 522

[9]           Some examples of types of demands that do not pertain to the employment relationship were provided by the Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business (Submission No. 329, vol. 11, p. 2361 – claims for an employer to provide employees with health insurance or to pay for the schooling of employees’ children) and the Shop Distributive and Allied Employees’ Association (Submission No. 414, vol. 17, pp. 3741-2 – claims for pay roll deductions of union dues, right of entry of union officials, and union encouragement clauses)

[10]         Evidence, Ms Linda Rubinstein, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 27

[11]         In Caledonian Colleries Ltd & Ors v. The Australasian Coal and Shale Employees’ Federation [No 2] (1930) 42 CLR 558 at pp 579-580 it was held that no real dispute existed because the log was served by the Federation merely for the purpose of attracting federal industrial jurisdiction: Australian Labour Law Reporter, p 3491-2, CCH Australia Ltd, 1999, quoted in Submission No. 414, Shop Distributive and Allied Employees Association, vol. 17, Attachment 8, p. 4028-9

[12]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2345

[13]         Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, pp. 3296-7

[14]         Submission No. 167, Australian Catholic Commission for Employment Relations, vol. 4, p. 744

[15]         Evidence, Mr Timothy Ferrari, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 358

[16]         Evidence, Ms Fran Hayes, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 408; Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p. 5868; Submission No 520, New South Wales Government, vol. 26, p. 6926

[17]         Submission No. 177, Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union, Construction & General Division, vol. 4, pp. 836-7

[18]         Evidence, Ms Petty Li through interpreter Ms Sally Eng, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 366

[19]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, pp. 2345-6

[20]         Full Bench, 24 September 1999, Print F0512

[21]         Ibid, quoting the Productivity Commission’s 1998 Report, Work Arrangements in the Australian Meat Processing Industry

[22]         ibid.

[23]         ibid.

[24]         Evidence, Mr Sam Beechey, Mrs Barabara Stephens, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 149

[25]         Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4446

[26]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2346

[27]         Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3295

[28]         Evidence, Mr Gregory Hatton, Victorian Automotive Chamber of Commerce, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 130, Evidence, Mr John Ryan, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 142

[29]         Evidence, Mr Tony Maher, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 274

[30]         Section 170CM of WR Act

[31]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2350

[32]         Evidence, Mr Gregory Hatton, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, pp. 130-1; Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, p. 3086

[33]         Submission No. 380, Construction Forestry Mining and Energy Union (Mining and Energy Divisions), vol. 13, p. 2803

[34]         Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3295;  Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2603

[35]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2350

[36]         Submission No 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4447-8

[37]         Submission No. 393, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, p. 3086

[38]         See Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, p. 3085; Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2603

[39]         Submission No. 399, p 33, ACCI

[40]         See, for instance, Submission No. 400, Ms Maria Cullia; Submission No. 32, Gareth Rawnsley; Submission No. 288, Peter Ibbott and Sonia Griffin

[41]         Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4447

[42]         Evidence, Mr Reginald Hamilton, Canberra, 1 October 1999, pp. 37-8

[43]         Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, p. 3086

[44]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2349

[45]         Hospitality Industry Award, Full Bench, 23 December 1997, Print P 7500

[46]         Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, p. 3086; Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2603

[47]         See, for example, Submission No 423, ACTU, vol. 19, pp. 4445 - 4448

[48]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2350

[49]         Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3301. See also Submission No 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, p. 3086

[50]         Submission No. 380, Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union (Mining and Energy Division), vol. 13, p. 2803

[51]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2349

[52]         Evidence, John Sutton, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 272

[53]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, pp. 2351, 2353

[54]         Evidence, Ms Grace Grace, Brisbane, 27 October 1999, p. 443

[55]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2356

[56]         Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3308

[57]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2604

[58]         See, for instance, Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4451-2; Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p. 5867; Submission No. 398, Jobwatch Inc., vol. 14, p. 3255-6

[59]         Submission No. 398, Jobwatch Inc., vol. 14, p. 3255-6

Chapter 8 - Schedule 7 - Termination of employment

[1]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2368

[2]           Submission No. 414, Shop Distributive and Allied Employees’ Association, vol. 17, p. 3785

[3]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2377

[4]           Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4455

[5]           Evidence, Mrs Leyla Yilnmaz, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 135

[6]           Submission No. 389, Victorian Automobile Chamber of Commerce, vol. 13, p. 2960-1

[7]           Submission No. 477, Maurice Blackburn Cashman, vol. 23, pp. 6090-1

[8]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2377

[9]           Submission No. 484, Fitzroy Legal Service, vol. 24, p. 6163

[10]         Submission No. 369, Redfern Legal Centre, vol. 12, p. 2516

[11]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol 12, p. 2619

[12]         Evidence, Mrs Leyla Yilmaz, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 131

[13]         Submission No. 519, McDonald Murholme Solicitors, vol. 26, p. 6915

[14]         Submission No. 484, Fitzroy Legal Service, vol. 24, p. 6163

[15]         Submission No. 468, Law Council of Australia, vol. 22, p. 5728

[16]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2375

[17]         Submission No. 468, Law Council of Australia, vol. 22, p. 5728

[18]         Submission No. 477, Maurice Blackburn Cashman, vol. 23, p. 6094

[19]         Submission No. 463, The Victorian Bar Inc., vol. 22, p. 5673

Chapter 9 - Schedule 8 - Certified agreements, Schedule 9 - Australian workplace agreements

[1]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, pp. 2378-9

[2]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2380

[3]           ibid., p. 2381

[4]           Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3289-92

[5]           Submission No. 457, Australian Business Industrial, vol. 22, p. 5415

[6]           Evidence, Mr Dick Grozier, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 399

[7]           Submission No. 414, Shop Distributive and Allied Employees Association, vol. 17, p. 3715

[8]           Submission No. 379, Community and Public Sector Union (PSU Group), vol. 13, p. 2727

[9]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2382

[10]         Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, p. 3098

[11]         Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3293

[12]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2382

[13]         ibid, p. 327

[14]         Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, p. 3099

[15]         Submission No. 430, Newcastle Trades Hall Council, vol. 20, p. 5012

[16]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2383

[17]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2594

[18]         Evidence, Mr Roger Boland, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 48

[19]         Submission No. 326, Australian Liquor, Hospitality and Miscellaneous Workers Union, vol. 10, p. 1885

[20]         Submission No. 430, Newcastle Trades Hall Council, vol. 20, p. 5013

[21]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2385

[22]         Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, pp. 3281-2

[23]         Submission No. 414, Shop Distributive and Allied Employees’ Association, vol. 17, p. 3695

[24]         Submission No. 379, Community and Public Sector Union (PSU group), vol. 13, p. 2733

[25]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2386

[26]         Submission No. 329, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3282

[27]         Submission No. 126, National Union of Workers, vol. 2, p. 466

[28]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2386

[29]         Submission No. 424, Australian Manufacturing Workers Union, vol. 20, p. 4784

[30]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2392

[31]         Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group/Engineering Employers’ Association South Australia, vol. 14, p. 3101

[32]         Submission No. 167, Australian Catholic Commission for Employment Relations, vol. 4, p. 750

[33]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, pp. 2387-8

[34]         Submission No. 414, Shop, Distributive and Allied Employees’ Association, vol.17, p. 3713

[35]         Submission No. 497, New South Wales Minerals Council, vol. 24, p. 6366

[36]         Evidence, Mr Jonathan Hamberger, 28 October 1999, p. 488

Chapter 10 - Schedule 11 - Industrial action and schedule 12 - Secret ballots

[1]           Evidence, Mr Robert Herbert, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 43

[2]           Evidence, Mr Denis Porter, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 216

[3]           Evidence, Mr Tony Maher, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 273

[4]           Evidence, Mr Mordy Bromberg, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 208

[5]           http://www.dwrsb.gov.au/group_wra/other/btrpay.htm (November 1999)

[6]           Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3356

[7]           Submission No. 267, Master Builders Australia, vol. 6, pp. 1234-5

[8]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2392

[9]           Submission No. 468, Law Council of Australia, vol. 22, p. 5733

[10]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2393

[11]         Evidence, Mr Robert Herbert, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 45

[12]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2607

[13]         Evidence, Ms Robbie Campo, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 364

[14]         See, for example: Evidence, Mr Robert Elliot, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 170; and Evidence, Professor Ronald Clive McCallum, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 353

[15]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2393

[16]         Evidence, Dr Brian Jardine, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 226

[17]         Evidence, Mr Robert Herbert, Canberra, 1 October 1999, pp. 49-50

[18]         ibid., p. 50

[19]         Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, p. 3104

[20]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia vol. 12, p. 2627

[21]         Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, pp. 3357-8

[22]         Evidence, Dr Richard Hall, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 252

[23]         Evidence, Mr Robert Elliot, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, pp. 170-1

[24]         See, for example, Evidence, Ms Wendy Caird, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 228; and Evidence, Mr Robert Durbridge, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 120

[25]         Evidence, Mr John Ryan, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 142

[26]         Submission No. 473, Queensland Government, vol. 23, pp. 5988-9

[27]         Evidence, Mr Reginald Hamilton, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 533

[28]         Evidence, Mr Alan Grinsell-Jones, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 502

[29]         Evidence, Mr James Nolan, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 416

[30]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2399

[31]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia vol. 12, pp. 2628-9

[32]         Evidence, Mr Robert Herbert, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 45

[33]         Submission No 462, Turner Freeman Solicitors, vol. 22, p. 5666

[34]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, pp. 2400-1

[35]         Evidence, Mr Alan Grinsell-Jones, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 502

[36]         Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia vol. 14, p. 3114

[37]         Evidence, Mr Robert Elliot, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 174

[38]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2391

[39]         Evidence, Mr Bruce Williams, Perth, 25 October 1999, p. 313

[40]         Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3363

[41]         Evidence, Mr Lloyd Freeburn, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 73

[42]         Evidence, Professor Joseph Isaac, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 55

[43]         Evidence, Ms Robbie Campo, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 364

[44]         Evidence, Professor Ronald McCallum, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 350

[45]         Evidence, Ms Stephanie Mayman, Perth, 25 October 1999, p. 307

[46]         Evidence, Mr Brendan McCarthy, Perth, 25 October 1999, p. 316

Chapter 11 - Schedule 13 - Right of entry

[1]           Submission No. 470, Master Builders’ Association of Western Australia, vol. 22, p. 5770

[2]           Evidence, Mr Kim Richardson, Perth, 25 October 1999, p. 295

[3]           Submission No. 328, Office of the Employment Advocate, vol. 10, pp. 2029-2030

[4]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2149-50

[5]           ibid.

[6]           Submission No. 414, Shop, Distributive and Allied Employees Union, vol. 17, p. 3683-5

[7]           Submission No. 460, International Centre for Trade Union Rights, vol. 22, p. 5572

[8]           Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3371

Chapter 12 - Schedule 14 - Freedom of association

[1]           Evidence, Miss Claire Hamilton, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 20

[2]           Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2644

[3]           Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, pp. 3119-20

[4]           Submission No. 473, Queensland Government, vol. 23, p. 5981

[5]           Evidence, Mr John Sutton, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 272

[6]           Evidence, Mr Lloyd Freeburn, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 73

[7]           Supplementary submission, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business,  Questions arising from hearing, Canberra, 1 October 1999

[8]           Submission No. 130, Western Ceilings, vol. 2, p. 488

[9]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2412

[10]         Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2643

[11]         ibid., p. 2642

[12]         Submission No. 381, Australian Mines and Metals Association Inc, vol. 13, p. 2855

[13]         Evidence, Mr John Ryan, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 141

[14]         Evidence, Mr Joseph De Bruyn, Brisbane, 27 October 1999, pp. 422-3

[15]         Evidence, Mr Jonathan Hamberger, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 490

[16]         Evidence, Mr Jonathan Hamberger, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 489

[17]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2408

[18]         Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, pp. 3118-9

[19]         Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, pp. 3366-7

[20]         Evidence. Mr Alan Grinsell-Jones, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 502

[21]         Submission No. 381, Australian Mines and Metals Association Inc, vol. 13, p. 2855

[22]         Submission No. 411, Association of Non-English Speaking Background Women of Australia, vol. 16, p. 3497

[23]         Submission No. 311, Good Shepherd Social Justice Network, vol. 8, p. 1523

Chapter 13 - Schedule 15 - Matters referred by Victoria

[1]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2413

[2]           Submission No. 468, Law Council of Australia, vol. 22, p. 5731

[3]           Evidence, Ms Wendy Tobin, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, pp. 177, 182

[4]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2414

[5]           ibid., p. 2415

[6]           Submission No. 398, Jobwatch Inc., vol. 14, p. 3258

[7]           Submission No. 414, Shop Distributive and Allied Employees’ Association, vol. 17, p. 3780

Chapter 14 - Schedule 16 - Independent contractors

[1]           Re Dingjan; Ex parte Wagner (1995) 1983 CLR 323

[2]           Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, pp. 2646-7

[3]           Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3384. The relevant legislation is: Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth), ss 51AA, 52 & 87; Fair Trading Act 1985 (Vic), s 11; Industrial Relations Act 1996 (NSW), s106; Industrial Relations Act 1996 (Qld), ss275 & 276.

[4]           Evidence, Mr John Ryan, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 142

[5]           Submission No. 93, Transport Workers’ Union of Australia (Victorian and Tasmanian Branch), vol. 2, p. 289

[6]           Submission No. 442, Rev Tim Costello, vol. 21, p. 5200

[7]           Submission No. 369, Redfern Legal Centre, vol. 12, p. 2517

[8]           Evidence, Senator Andrew Murray, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 40

[9]           Treasurer, Press Release No. 074, ‘The New Business Tax System: Stage 2 Response’, 11 November 1999

Chapter 1 - Overview

[1] The Hon. Peter Reith MP, 21 November 1996, House of Representatives, Hansard, p. 7217.

[2] The Hon. Bob McMullan MP, 30 May 1996, House of Representatives, Hansard, p. 1826.

[3] Report on Consideration of the Workplace Relations and other Legislation Amendment Bill 1996, Senate Economics References Committee, August 1996, pp. 231-43. 

[4] John Howard, The 1999 Hollingworth Trust Lecture On Youth Unemployment, "Opportunities For Australian Youth", Melbourne, 10 June 1999.

[5] Submission 328, The Employment Advocate, vol. 10, pp. 2006-7.

[6] Evidence, Wendy Caird, Sydney, 22 October 1999, pp. 227-8.

[7] Evidence, Brian Jardine, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 229.

[8] "A critical analysis of the Reith Proposals" by over 80 of Australia's Leading Industrial Barristers and Solicitors, 2 July 1999

[9]           Evidence, Ms Stephanie Mayman, Perth, 25 October 1999, p. 307.

[10]         Submission no. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2060

[11]          Evidence, Mr Lloyd Freeburn, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p 73.

[12]          Submission no. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, pp. 5819-24.

[13]          Evidence, Commissioner Susan Halliday, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 378.

[14]          Submission no. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p. 5801.

[15]         Submission 473, Queensland Government, vol. 23, p. 5947.

[16]         Evidence, Dr Barbara Pocock, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 516.

[17]         Submission 496, Dr Barbara Pocock, vol. 24, p. 6191.

[18]         ibid.

Chapter 2 - Economic conditions

[1]           Evidence, Mr Hugh McBride, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 123.

Chapter 3 - International obligations

[1]           The assistance of  Ms Helen Nezeritis, Australian National University Parliamentary Intern, is gratefully acknowledged in the research for this chapter.

[2]            Report on Consideration of the Workplace Relations and other Legislation Amendment Bill 1996, Senate Economics References Committee, August 1996 pp 231-243.  For a brief explanation of the history and processes of the ILO, see pp 231-234

[3]           CEACR: Individual Observation concerning Convention No. 87, Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise, 1948 Australia (ratification: 1973) Published: 1999, http://ilolex.ilo.ch:1567/public/50normes/ilolex/pdconv.pl?host=status01&textbase=iloeng&document=4524&chapter=6&query=%28Australia%29+%40ref+%2B+%28%23classification%3D02%5F01%2A%29+%40ref&highlight=&querytype=bool, 25 November 1999

CEACR: Individual Observation concerning Convention No. 98, Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining, 1948 Australia (ratification: 1973) Published: 1998 http://ilolex.ilo.ch:1567/public/50normes/ilolex/pdconv.pl?host=status01&textbase=iloeng&document=4031&chapter=6&query=%28Australia%29+%40ref+%2B+%28%23classification%3D02%5F01%2A%29+%40ref&highlight=&querytype=bool, 25 November 1999

[4]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11 p. 2193

[5]           Tom Fisher, International Labour Conference, 86th Session, Geneva, June 1998, Committee on the Application of Standards, 16th sitting, 12 June 1998, p. 61

[6]           ILO Handbook of Procedures Relating to International Labour Conventions and Recommendation, paragraph 53.

[7]           Evidence, Mr Barry Leahy, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 7

[8]           CEACR: Individual Observation concerning Convention No. 87, Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise, 1948 Australia (ratification: 1973) Published: 1999 http://ilolex.ilo.ch:1567/public/50normes/ilolex/pdconv.pl?host=status01&textbase=iloeng&document=4524&chapter=6&query=%28Australia%29+%40ref+%2B+%28%23classification%3D02%5F01%2A%29+%40ref&highlight=&querytype=bool, 25 November 1999

[9]           International Labour Conference, 86th Session, Geneva, June 1998; Committee on the Application of Standards, 16th sitting, 12 June 1998, p 66

[10]          Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, Questions Arising from Hearing 1 October 1999, p. 2

[11]          ibid, p 80

[12]          CEACR: Individual Observation concerning Convention No. 87, Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise, 1948 Australia (ratification: 1973) Published: 1999 http://ilolex.ilo.ch:1567/public/50normes/ilolex/pdconv.pl?host=status01&textbase=iloeng&document=4524&chapter=6&query=%28Australia%29+%40ref+%2B+%28%23classification%3D02%5F01%2A%29+%40ref&highlight=&querytype=bool, 25 November 1999

[13]         Sydney Morning Herald, 7 October 1999, p. 19

[14]         Submission No. 290, The Evatt Foundation, vol. 7, p.1343

[15]          Creighton, B., 1998, The ILO and Protection of Fundamental Human Right in Australia, Melbourne University Review, vol. 22(2), p. 247

[16]         Submission No. 460, International Centre for Trade Union Rights, vol. 22, p. 5566

[17]          See comments of International Labour Office in WA Trades and Labour Council (Sep. 1999), submission to Senate Employment, Workplace Relations Small Business and Education Legislation Committee, Schedule B

[18]          Submission No. 460, International Centre for Trade Union Rights, vol. 22, p. 5574.

[19]         ibid,  pp. 5544-50

[20]         ibid, p. 5545

[21]         Submission No. 480, Working Women’s Centre Tasmania, vol. 24, p. 6132

[22]          Submission No. 434, Trades and Labour Council of Western Australia, vol. 21, Schedule B

[23]          ‘A Critical Analysis of the Reith Proposals by over 80 of Australia’s Leading Industrial Barristers and Solicitors’, 2 July 1999, p.7.

[24]          Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4471

[25]          Submission No. 456, Jim Nolan, vol. 22, p.5363

[26]          See, for instance, Evidence, Ms Sally McManus, Sydney, 22 October 199, p. 263

[27]          Submission No. 423, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2209

[28]          Article 22 Report on the Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention 1949 (No. 98) for the period 1 July 1997 to 30 June 1999, p.34

[29]          Proposed section 170VD, Item 1 of Schedule 9 to the Bill

[30]          See, for instance: Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, Submission No. 472, vol. 23, pp. 5818-24; Australian Medical Association, Submission No. 461, vol. 22, pp. 2622-29; Kingsford Legal Centre, Submission No. 253, vol. 6, pp. 1155-6; Liberty Victoria, Submission No. 172, pp. 0810-15; Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission No. 423, vol. 19, pp. 4373-78; International Centre for Trade Unions Rights, Submission No. 460, vol. 22, pp. 5472-5621; Newcastle Trades Hall Council, Submission No. 430, vol. 20, p. 4998

Chapter 4 - Standing of the Australian industrial relations commission

[1]           Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol.  p. 1

[2]           Submission No. 430, Newcastle Trades Hall Council, vol. 20 p. 21

[3]           Evidence, Pamela Curr, Fair Wear Campaign,  Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 367

[4]           Submission No. 71, Mr John Griffiths and family

[5]           Submission No. 48, Mr Edward Baldyga

[6]           Submission No. 63, Ms Judith Walpole

[7]           Submission No. 78, Ms Eve Matsakos

[8]           Submission No. 430, Newcastle Trades Hall Council, vol. 20, p. 21

[9]           Evidence, Mr Timothy Lee, Perth, 25 October 1999, p. 327

[10]         Dr David Peetz, Submission No. 386, vol. 13, p. 34

[11]            Evidence, Professor Keith Hancock, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 515

[12]            Evidence, p. E 773, M. Carter (Australian Road Transport Industrial Organisation)

[13]         Submission No. 377, Professor Joe Isaac AO, vol. 12, p. 1

[14]         Submission No. 15

[15]         Submission No. 377

[16]         Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, Submission No. 329, p 271

[17]         Submission No. 15, Professor Keith Hancock, National Institute of Labour Studies, p. 9

[18]         Professor Ronald McCallum, Submission No. 90, p. 4

[19]          Professor Joseph Isaac, Evidence, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 56

[20]          Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission No. 399, p. 10

[21]          Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, Submission No. 392, p. 10

[22]          Australian Nursing Federation (SA Branch), Submission No. 458, p. 9

[23]          International Centre for Trade Union Rights, Submission No. 460, pp. 22-3

[24]          The Victorian Bar Incorporated, Submission No. 463, pp. 4-5

[25]          See majority judgement of Dixon CJ, McTiernan, Fullagar and Kitto JJ in The Queen v. Kirby; Ex parte Boilermakers’ Society of Australia (1956) 94 CLR 254

[26]          See, for example, minority judgement of Taylor J. in The Queen v. Kirby, ex parte Boilermakers’ Society of Australia (1956) 94 CLR 254 at p ???: “[The special character of the arbitral functions] bear little, if any resemblence to executive or legislative functions as generally conceived; on the contrary, both in their nature and exercise they present a number of features which are characteristic of judicial functions.”

[27]          Professor Joe Isaac AO, Submission No. 377, p. 4

[28]          Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, Submission No. 329, p. 289

[29]          Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, Submission No. 392, pp. 22-23

[30]          Australian Catholic Commission for Employment Relations, Submission No. 167, p. 20

[31]          Timothy Ferrari, Australian Liquor Hospitality and Miscellaneous Workers’ Union, Evidence, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 358

[32]          Australian Council of Social Services, Submission No. 476, p. 5

[33]          Linda Rubinstein, Australian Council of Trade Unions, Evidence, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 22

[34]          Robert Durbridge, Australian Education Union, Evidence, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 114

[35]          Dr Simon Blackwood, Queensland Department of Employment, Training and Industrial Relations, Evidence, Brisbane, 27 October 1999, p. 468

[36]          Construction Forestry Mining and Energy Union (Construction & General Division), Submission No. 177, pp. 6-7

[37]          Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission No. 423, p. 82

[38]          Petty Li, Fair Wear Campaign, through Ms Sally Eng (interpreter), Evidence, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 366

[39]          Dr Iain Campbell, Centre for Applied Social Research, RMIT University, Evidence, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 188

[40]          Andrew Thomas, Australian Rail, Tram and Bus Industry Union, Evidence, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 289

[41]         Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, Submission No. 329, p. 290

[42]         Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, Submission No. 392, p. 23

[43]         Gregory Hatton, Motor Traders Association of New South Wales, Evidence, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 130

[44]         John Ryan, Australian Catholic Commission for Employment Relations, Evidence, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 142

[45]         Tony Maher, Construction Forestry Mining and Energy Union, Evidence, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 274

[46]         Reginald Hamilton, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Evidence, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 523

[47]         More Jobs, Better Pay, September 1999, p. 31

[48]         Governor-General’s Speech Address-in-Reply, Senator Carr, Hansard p. 163, 11 November 1998

[49]         Australasian Meat Industry Employees’ Union, Submission No. 521, vol. 26, pp. 6944-5

[50]         Print F0512, 24 September 1999

[51]         Samuel Beechey, Australian Workers’ Union, Evidence, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 149

[52]         Barbara Stevens, Australian Workers’ Union, Evidence, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 149

[53]         Australian Council of trade Unions, Submission No. 423, p. 83

[54]          Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, Submission No. 329, p. 275

[55]          Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission No. 399, p. 75

[56]          Business Council of Australia, Submission No. 375, p. 44

[57]          John Moore, Institute for Private Enterprise, Evidence, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 81

[58]          Professor Keith Hancock, National Institute of Labour Studies, Submission No. 15, p. 10

[59]          Professor Joe Isaac AO, Submission No. 377, p. 7

[60]          Professor Ronald McCallum, Submission No. 90, p. 4

[61]          For example, see Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission No. 423, pp. 78-9; Australian Medical Association, Submission No. 461, p 4; Shop Distributive and Allied Employees’ Association, Submission No. 414, pp. 456-8; Independent Education Union of Australia, Submission No. 416, p. 12; Ansett Pilots Association, Submission No. 295, p. 2; Australian Manufacturing Workers’ Union, Submission No. 424, pp. 68-9; Newcastle Trades Hall Council, Submission No. 430, p. 25; Australian Nursing Federation (WA Branch), Submission No. 471, p. 7; Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union (United Mineworkers’ Federation Division), Submission No. 479, pp. 10-12

[62]          For example, see Jim Nolan, Submission No. 456, pp 28-30; International Centre for Trade Union Rights, Submission No. 460, pp. 26-30

[63]          For example, see Federation of Ethnic Communities’ Councils of Australia Incorporated, Submission No. 417, p. 6; Uniting Church in Australia Board for Social Responsibility, Submission No. 440, pp. 2-3; Womens’ Electoral Lobby, National Pay Equity Coalition and Business and Professional Women Australia (NSW Division), Submission No. 429, pp. 19-20; Women for Workplace Justice Coalition, Submission 441, pp. 11-12

[64]          Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, Submission No. 392, p. 11

[65]          Robert Herbert, Australian Industry Group, Evidence, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 44

[66]          Jim Nolan, Submission No. 456, p. 29

[67]          Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, Submission No. 329, p. 276

[68]          Professor J Isaac AO, Submission No. 377, p. 6

[69]          Dave Oliver, Australian Manufacturing Workers’ Union, Evidence, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 395

[70]          Australian Nursing Federation (Western Australian Branch), Submission No. 471, p. 7

[71]          Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission No. 423, p. 79

[72]          John Ryan, Australian Catholic Commission for Employment Relations, Evidence, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 138

[73]          Women for Workplace Justice Coalition, Submission No. 441, pp. 11-12

[74]          Master Builders Australia Incorporated, Submission No. 267, p. 9

[75]          Alan Grinsell-Jones, Master Builders Australia, Evidence, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 508

[76]          Independent Education Union of Australia, Submission No. 416, p. 12

[77]          Professor J Isaac AO, Submission No. 377, p. 6

[78]          Uniting Church in Australia Board for Social Responsibility, Submission No. 440, p. 2

Chapter 5 - Standing of the office of the employment advocate

[1] Office of the Employment Advocate, Annual Report 1998-1999, p. 6

[2] Evidence, Dr David Peetz, Brisbane, 27 October 1999, p. 433

[3] ibid, p. 433

[4] Submission No. 386, Dr David Peetz, vol.13, p 2894

[5] Evidence, Mr Tim Lee, Perth, 25 October 1999, p 327

[6] Evidence, Ms Susan Halliday, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p 378

[7] Evidence, Ms Susan Halliday, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p 378

[8] Report on Consideration of the Workplace Relations and other Legislation Amendment Bill 1996, Senate Economics References Committee, August 1996, pp. 106-9

[9] Evidence, Linda Carruthers, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p 284

[10] Evidence, Peter O’Brien, 27 October 1999, p. 481

[11] Case study undertaken by ACIRRT on behalf of the OEA, November 1999, pp 12 – 13, 25

[12] Submission No. 373, ALHMWU (ACT), vol. 12, p 2541

[13] Evidence, Mr John Sutton, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p 271

[14] Submission No. 291, Australian Rail, Tram and Bus Industry Union, vol. 7, pp. 1348-9

[15] ibid., p. 1353

[16] Submission No. 414, Shop Distributive and Allied Employees Association, vol. 17, Attachment 4, pp. 3869-3915

[17] Submission No. 500 and 500A, Communications Electrical Plumbing Union, vol. 24, pp. 6388-6412

[18] Submission No. 521, Australasian Meat Industry Employees Union, vol. 26, pp. 7080-4

[19] Submission No. 379, Community and Public Sector Union, vol. 13, pp. 2708-35

[20] Evidence, Mr Andrew Killion, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p 388

[21] Submission No. 444, Australian Liquor, Hospitality and Miscellaneous Workers Union (WA), vol. 21, p. 5258

[22] Submission No. 447, Transport Workers Union, vol. 21, p. 5296

[23] Submission No. 163, Transport Workers Union (Qld), vol. 3, pp. 639-40; Evidence, Mr Hug Williams, Brisbane, 27 October 1999, p. 461

[24] Submission No. 445, Community and Public Sector Union (NT), vol. 21, p. 5272

[25] Evidence, Professor Ronald McCallum, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 349

[26] Evidence, Jonathon Hamberger, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 488

Chapter 6 - Balance and bargaining

[1]           For example see Submission No. 521, Australasian Meat Industry Employees’ Union, vol. 26, pp. 7080-4

[2]           Submission No. 178, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, vol. 4, p. 870

[3]           Senate Economics References Committee, Report on Consideration of the Workplace Relations and Other Legislation Amendment Bill 1996, August 1996, p. 168

[4]           Submission No. 386, Dr David Peetz, vol. 13, p. 2893

[5]           Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, pp. 4420-1

[6]           Lee, M. and Peetz, D., Trade Unions and the Workplace Relations Act, Labour and Industry, vol. 9, no. 2, December 1998, pp. 15-16

[7]           Mr Tony Maher, Hansard, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 274

[8]           Evidence, Mr Paul Davey, Brisbane, 27 October 1999, pp. 474-5

[9]           Evidence, Ms Karen Batt, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, pp. 282-3

[10]         Submission No. 386, Dr David Peetz, vol. 13, p. 2891

[11]         ibid., p. 2916

[12]         Submission No. 386, Dr David Peetz, vol. 13

[13]         Ministerial Discussion Paper, Flexibilities available in agreement-making, May 1998

[14]         Evidence, Ms Lynn Tacey, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 10

[15]         Evidence, Ms Wendy Caird, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 227

[16]         Submission No. 386, Dr David Peetz, vol. 13, pp. 2924-5

[17]         Submission No. 90, Professor Ronald McCallum, vol. 2, pp. 273-4

[18]         Submission No. 267, Master Builders Australia Inc., vol. 6, pp. 1234-5

[19]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, pp. 2391-2

[20]         para. 84

[21]         Submission No. 460, International Centre for Trade Union Rights, vol. 22, p. 5549

[22]         Submission No. 468, Law Council of Australia, vol. 22, p. 5733; and submission No. 460, International Centre for Trade Union Rights, vol. 22, p. 5549

[23]         Submission No. 386, Dr David Peetz, vol. 13, p. 2927

[24]         Submission No. 379, Community and Public Sector Union, vol. 13, p. 2730

[25]         Evidence, Mr Robert Herbert, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 65

[26]         Submission No. 393, Australian Education Union, vol. 14, p. 3145

[27]         Workplace Relations Legislation Amendment (More Jobs, Better Pay) Bill 1999, p.185

[28]         For example, see submission no. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, p. 3112

[29]         Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, pp. 3103, 3109

[30]         See for example:  Submission No. 267, Master Builders Australia Inc., vol. 6, pp. 1231-4; Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2630; Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, pp. 3104-7; Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, pp. 3366-7; Submission No. 381, Australian Mines and Metals Association Inc., vol. 13, p. 2847; and Submission No. 167, Australian Catholic Commission for Employment Relations, vol. 4, p. 752

[31]         Submission No. 386, Dr David Peetz, vol. 13, p. 2927

[32]         Submission No. 377, Professor Joesph Isaac, vol. 12, pp. 2692-3

[33]         ibid.

[34]         Submission No. 329 Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2050

[35]         Submission No. 167, Australian Catholic Commission for Employment Relations, vol. 13, p. 751

[36]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2285

[37]         Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineers Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, p. 3112

[38]         ibid., p. 2286

[39]         ibid.

[40]         Submission No. 267, Master Builders Australia Inc., vol. 6, p. 1240

[41]         Submission No. 393, Australian Education Union, vol. 14, p. 3154

[42]         Submission No. 423, Australian Council of trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4470

[43]         ibid.

[44]         Section 136

[45]         Ministerial Discussion Paper, Pre-industrial action secret ballots, August 1999, p. 3

[46]         Submission No. 457, Australian Business Limited, vol. 22, p. 5434

[47]         Evidence, Mr Lloyd Freeburn, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 78

[48]         Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4471

[49]         ibid., p. 4474

[50]         Evidence, Dr Brian Jardine, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 226

[51]         Evidence, Ms Robbie Campo, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 364

[52]         Evidence, Professor Ronald McCallum, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 350

[53]         Evidence, Ms Stphanie Mayman, Perth, 25 October 1999, p. 307

[54]         Evidence, Mr David Robinson, Perth, 25 October 1999, p. 321-2

[55]         Evidence, Mr John Ryan, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 144

[56]         Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4471

[57]         ibid., p. 4472

[58]         ibid., p. 4473

[59]         Amendments to the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992 which received royal assent on 27 July 1999 will extend the validity of a ballot by a maximum of a further 4 weeks with the employers consent.  These are expected to come into affect before Easter 2000.

[60]         Submission No. 460, International Centre for Trade Union Rights, vol. 22, p. 5553-4

[61]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2402

[62]         Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3370

[63]         Evidence, Mr Robert Herbert, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 52

[64]         Submission No. 379, Community and Public Sector Union (PSU Group), vol. 13, p. 2719

[65]         Evidence, Mr William Shorten, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 151

[66]         Evidence, Miss Siobhain Climo, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 363

[67]         Submission No. 386, Dr David Peetz, vol. 13, p. 2933

[68]         Submission No. 476, Australian Council of Social Services, vol. 23, p. 6073

[69]         Submission No. 473, Queensland Government, vol. 23, p. 5983

[70]         Submission No. 440, Uniting Church in Australia Board for Social Responsibility, vol. 21, pp. 5167-8

[71]         Evidence, Linda Rubinstein, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p 21

[72]         Submission No. 473, Queensland Government, vol. 23, p. 5983

[73]         ibid.

[74]         Submission No. 439, Victorian TAFE Students & Apprentices Network Inc, vol. 21, p. 5149

[75]         Evidence, Ms Sally McManus, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 264

[76]         Submission No. 424, Australian Manufacturing Workers’ Union, vol. 20, p. 4779

[77]         Submission No. 414, Shop Distributive and Allied Employees’ Association, vol. 17, p. 3676

[78]         Submission No. 424, Australian Manufacturing Workers’ Union, vol. 20, p. 4780

[79]         Evidence, Miss Siobhain Climo, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 369

[80]         Submission No. 13,National Electrical and Communications Association, vol. 1, pp. 76-7

[81]         Submission No. 414, Shop Distributive and Allied Employees Association, vol. 17, pp. 3678-9

[82]         See, for instance Australian Liquor Hospitality and Miscellaneous Workers’ Union, Submission No. 444, vol. 21, p. 5229, which provides an example of a decision of the Full Bench that there is nothing to prevent the separate extraction of records relating to union member employees ‘if the records are maintained in accordance with the award.’

[83]         Evidence, Ms Anne O’Rourke, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 154

[84]         Submission No. 506, Australian Workers’ Union (Queensland Branch), vol. 25, pp. 6478-9

[85]         Submission No. 430, Newcastle Trades Hall Council, vol. 20, p. 5019

[86]         Submission No. 424, Australian Manufacturing Workers’ Union, vol. 20, p. 4759

[87]         Evidence, Miss Siobhain Climo, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 369

[88]         Submission No. 424, Australian Manufacturing Workers’ Union, vol. 20, p. 4759

[89]         Evidence, Ms Sally McManus, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 264

[90]         Evidence, Mr Ian Masson, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 196

[91]         Evidence, Mr  Dave Oliver, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 396

[92]         Submission No. 414, Shop Distributive and Allied Employees’ Association, vol. 17, pp. 3680-1

[93]         Article 11. Australia ratified this convention on 28 February 1973.

[94]         Submission No. 460, International Centre for Trade Union Rights, vol. 22, pp. 5565-72

[95]         Evidence, Mr Timothy Ferrari, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 356

[96]         Submission No. 462, Turner Freeman Solicitors, vol. 22, p. 5666

[97]         Evidence, Ms Huyen Duong, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 365

[98]         Paragraph 3(f).

[99]         Submission No. 399, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, vol. 15, p. 3366; See also Submission No. 381, Australian Mines and Metals Association Inc., vol. 13, p. 2854 which supported ACCI’s comments regarding reverse onus of proof.

[100]       Submission No. 375, Business Council of Australia, vol. 12, p. 2644

[101]       Submission No. 392, Australian Industry Group and the Engineering Employers’ Association, South Australia, vol. 14, pp. 3119-20

[102]       Submission No. 386, Dr David Peetz, vol. 13,  p. 2932

[103]       Submission No. 416, Independent Education Union of Australia, vol. 18, pp. 4306-7

[104]       Submission No. 473, Queensland Government, vol. 23, p. 5981

[105]       Evidence, Mr John Sutton, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 272

[106]       Evidence, Mr Joseph de Bruyn, Brisbane, 27 October 1999, pp. 422-3

[107]       Evidence, Mr Lloyd Freeburn, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 73

Chapter 7 - The needs of workers vulnerable to discrimination

[1]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2171

[2]           Evidence, Ms Fran Hayes, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 412

[3]           Evidence, Ms Suzanne Hammond, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 406

[4]           Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p. 5799

[5]           Evidence, Dr Richard Hall, Sydney, 22 October 1999, pp. 250-1

[6]           See, for instance, Evidence, Dr Barbara Pocock, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 511

[7]           Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 11, p. 5800

[8]           ibid.

[9]           ibid., pp. 22-7

[10]         Evidence, Ms Val Buswell,  Sydney, 26 October 1999 p. 409

[11]         Evidence, Ms Suzanne Hammond, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 406

[12]         Evidence, Ms Susan Halliday, 26 October 1999, p. 374

[13]         ibid., p. 378

[14]         Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p. 5827

[15]         Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, pp. 5864-5

[16]         Evidence, Dr Richard Hall, Sydney, 22 October 1999, pp. 253-4

[17]         Evidence, Ms Susan Halliday, 26 October 1999, p. 374

[18]         Evidence, Ms Susan Kenna, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 86

[19]         Evidence, Ms Wendy Tobin,Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 176

[20]         Print J6777

[21]         Evidence, Ms Susan Halliday, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 374

[22]         Evidence, Ms Grace Grace, Brisbane, 27 October 1999, p. 443

[23]         Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p. 5830

[24]         Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p. 5801

[25]         Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4364

[26]         Section 50A Sex Discrimination Act 1984 (Cth)

[27]         Evidence, Ms Susan Halliday, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 378

[28]         Evidence, Ms Fran Hayes, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 408

[29]         Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p.5868

[30]         Submission No. 520, New South Wales Government, vol. p. 6926

[31]         Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p. 5829

[32]         Submission No. 379, Community and Public Sector Union, vol. 13, Attachment B. See also Submission No. 458, Australian Nursing Federation (South Australian Branch), vol. 22, p. 5446

[33]         Submission No. 196, Lutheran Community Care, vol. 5, p. 985

[34]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2393

[35]         Evidence, Ms Fran Hayes, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 408

[36]         Submission No. 411, The Association of Non-English Speaking Background Women of Australia, vol. 16, p. 3496

[37]         Submission No. 417, Federation of Ethnic Communities’ Councils of Australia Inc, vol. 18, p. 4314

[38]         Evidence, Ms Anne O’ Rourke, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 154

[39]         Evidence, Ms Robbie Campo, Sydney, 26 October 1999 p. 364

[40]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2104

[41]         Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4364

[42]         ibid., pp. 4634-5

[43]         Submission No. 440, Uniting Church Board for Social Responsibility, vol. 21, p. 5157

[44]         Submission No. 476, Australian Council of Social Services, vol. 23, p. 6072

[45]         ibid., p. 6074

[46]         Submission No. 473, Queensland Government, vol. 23, p. 5954

[47]         Submission No. 480, Working Women’s Centre, Tasmania, vol. 24, p. 6132

[48]         Submission No. 462, Turner Freeman Solicitors, vol. 22, p. 5655

[49]         Submission No. 441, Women for Workplace Justice Coalition, vol. 21, pp. 5194-5

[50]         Submission No. 398, Jobwatch Inc., vol. 14, p. 3255

[51]         Submission No. 462, Turner Freeman Solicitors, vol. 22, pp. 5658-9

[52]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2333

[53]         Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. pp. 5887-8

[54]         Evidence, Mr Mark Brown, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, pp. 183-4

[55]         Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p. 5802

[56]         See for instance Evidence, Ms Wendy Tobin, Jobwatch Inc, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 176

[57]         Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4370

[58]         Submission No. 260, Shae Leviston, vol. 6, pp. 1204-6

[59]         Submission No. 264, Ms Danielle Keogh, vol. 6, pp. 1218-21

[60]         Evidence, Ms Karen Batt, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 197

[61]         Evidence, Ms Judith Mead, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 199

[62]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2386

[63]         Submission No. 423, Australian Council of Trade Unions, vol. 19, p. 4452

[64]         Submission No. 441, Women for Workplace Justice Coalition, vol. 21, pp. 5191-2

[65]         Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p. 5885

[66]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, vol. 11, p. 2381

[67]         Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, Submission No. 472, p. 84

[68]         Ibid, pp. 84-5

Chapter 8 - Work and family

[1]           Submission No. 423, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, Submission No. 472, p. 32

[2]           Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, p. 214

[3]           Submission No. 336, Julie Heagrey, vol. 12, p. 2442

[4]           Submission No. 441, Women for Workplace Justice Coalition, p. 5

[5]           Submission No. 485, Susan Fechner, vol. 24, p. 6167

[6]           Submission No. 34, Mrs J Luttick, vol.1, p. 148

[7]           Submission No. 74, George Papadopoulos, vol. 1, p. 231

[8]           Michelle Gunn, Social Affairs writer, The Australian, 20 November 1999, p 22

[9]           The Australian, 20 November 1999, p. 23

[10]         Peter  McDonald, Australian National University demographer, quoted in The Australian, 20 November 1999, p. 23

[11]         Work and Family State of Play 1998, Work and Family Unit, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, p. 1

[12]         ibid, p. 18

[13]         ibid, p. 20

[14]         ibid, p. 21

[15]         ibid.

[16]         ibid, p. 22

[17]         ibid.

[18]         ibid, pp. 5-6

[19]         ibid, p. 44

[20]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business,  p. 217

[21]         Work and Family State of Play 1998, Work and Family Unit, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, p. 6

[22]         Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission Supplementary Submission, 26 October 1999, pp. 2-3

[23]         Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, Submission No. 472, pp. 49-50

[24]         Submission No. 466, UTLC Women’s Standing Committee, p.12; Submission No. 164, Katherine Wrigley, pp. 6-7;

[25]         Dr Richard Hall, Australian Centre for Industrial Relations Research and Training, Evidence, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 255

[26]         Dr Barbara Pocock, Evidence, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 512

[27]         Susan Kenna, Finance Section Union, Evidence, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 86

[28]         Ibid

[29]         Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p. 5847

[30]         Submission No. 155, Kim Draisma, University of Wollongong, vol. 3, p. 593

[31]         Submission No. 441, Women for Workplace Justice Coalition, vol. 21, p. 5185

[32]         ibid

[33]         ibid, p. 9

[34]         ibid.

[35]         ibid.

[36]         Susan Halliday, Sex Discrimination Commissioner, Evidence, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 379

[37]         Submission No. 429, Women’s Electoral Lobby, National Pay Equity Coalition and Business and Professional Women Australia (NSW), vol. 20, p 25

[38]         Jennie George, Australian Council of Trade Unions, Evidence, Canberra, 1 October 1999, p. 24

[39]         Robert Durbridge, Australian Education Union, Evidence, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 113

[40]         Fran Hayes, National Pay Equity Coalition, Evidence, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 408

[41]         Submission No. 441, Women for Workplace Justice Coalition, vol. 21, p. 5182

[42]         Vivienne Wiles, Jobwatch Inc, Evidence, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 179

[43]         Submission No. 155, Kim Draisma, University of Wollongong, vol. 3, p.593

[44]         Submission No. 429, Women’s Electoral Lobby, National Pay Equity Coalition and Business and Professional Women Australia (NSW), vol. 20, p 4896

[45]         Submission No. 379, Community and Public Sector Union, Attachment C

[46]         Work and Family State of Play 1998, Work and Family Unit, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, p. 26

[47]         Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p.5862

[48]         Susan Halliday, Sex Discrimination Commissioner, Evidence, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 376

[49]         Sections 16 – 18 Industrial Relations Act 1999 (Qld)

[50]         Marion van Rooden, Queensland Government, Evidence, Brisbane, 27 October 1999, p. 469

[51]         Submission No. 472, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, vol. 23, p.5857

[52]         ibid, p. 66

[53]         Submission No. 421, Alex Strudwick,

[54]         Submission No. 395, New Zealand Council of Trade Unions, p. 18

[55]         Submission No. 329, Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, p. 214

[56]         ibid, p. 297

[57]         Submission No. 253, Kingsford Legal Centre, p. 7

[58]         Stretching flexibility: enterprise bargaining, women workers and changes to working hours, Sara Charlesworth, August 1996, p. 9

[59]         ibid p. 12

Chapter 9 - The impact on job security, unfair dismissals, job prospects, the protection of employee entitlements and conditions and whether these can be improved

[1]           Submission no. 473, Queensland Government, Volume 23, p. 5947.

[2]           Dr Barbara Pocock, Department of Social Inquiry, University of Adelaide, Evidence, Canberra, 28 October 1999, p. 516.

[3]           Submission no. 496, Dr Pocock, Volume 24, p. 6191.

[4]           Submission no. 423, ACTU, Volume 19, p. 4352.

[5]           Submission no. 473, Queensland Government, Volume 23, p. 5950.

[6]           Submission no. 165, Dr Iain Campbell and Prof Peter Brosnan, Centre for Applied Research, RMIT University, Volume 3, p. 680.

[7]           Submission no. 473, Queensland Government, Volume 23, p. 5946.

[8]           Ibid., p. 5950.

[9]           Submission no. 496, Dr Pocock, Volume 24, p. 6191.

[10]         ABC Radio, 18/8/99.

[11]         Dr Richard Hall, Senior Researcher, Australian Centre for Industrial Relations Research and Training, University of Sydney, Evidence, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 250.

[12]         Dr Campbell, Evidence, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 187.

[13]         Submission no. 473, Queensland Government, Volume 23, p. 5946.

[14]         Submission no. 520, NSW Government, Volume 26, p. 6921.

[15]         Submission no. 329, DEWRSB, Volume 11, p. 2249.

[16]         Ibid., p. 2250.

[17]         Sydney Morning Herald,, 12 November 1999.

[18]         Submission no. 423, ACTU, Volume 19, p. 4511.

[19]         Ibid., pp. 4392-3.

[20]         Submission 423, ACTU, Volume 19, p. 4395.

[21]         Ibid., p. 4396.

[22]         Pusey, M., (1997) “Inside the Minds of Middle Australian (Findings From the Middle Australian Project on Incomes, Standards of Living and Quality of Life)”, in Australia Quarterly, V.69 (4), pp. 14-21.

[23]         Submission no. 473, Queensland Government, Volume 23, p. 5947.

[24]         Submission no. 476, ACOSS,. Volume 23, p. 6071. See also Richard Hall, Evidence, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 256.

[25]         Submission no. 473, Queensland Government, Volume 23, pp. 5952-3. See also Submission no. 423, ACTU, Volume 24, p. 4391; Submission no. 499, Brotherhood of St Laurence, Volume 24, p. 6385.

[26]         Reith, P., House of Representatives, Hansard, 30 June 1999, p. 7852.

[27]         Submission no. 327, Fair Wear Campaign, Volume 10, pp. 1957-8. See also Submission no. 311, Good Shepherd Social Justice Network, Volume 8, pp. 1522-5; Submission no. 298, Dr Richard Hall/Ms Tanya Brotherton, ACIRRT, Volume 7, p.1423.

[28]         Submission no. 476, ACOSS, Volume 23, pp. 6073, 8.

[29]         Dr Richard Hall, Evidence, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 251. See also Submission no. 520, NSW Government, Volume 26, p. 6935.

[30]         Submission no. 507, Australian Federal Police Association, Volume 25, p. 6495.

[31]         Mr Anthony Dick, Evidence, Sydney, 22 October 1999, p. 262.

[32]         Mr Bruce Nadenbousch, Association of Professional Engineers, Scientists and Managers, Australia, Evidence, Perth, 25 October 1999, p. 332.

[33]         Submission no. 462, Turner Freeman Solicitors, Volume 22, p. 5650.

[34]         Submission no. 398, Job Watch, Volume 14, pp. 3241-2. See also Submission no. 484, Fitzroy Legal Service, Volume 24, p. 6160.

[35]         Submission no. 412, Slater and Gordon Solicitors, Volume 16, p. 3508. See also Submission no. 519, McDonald Murholme, Volume 26, pp.6914-5.

[36]         Submission no. 484, Fitzroy Legal Service, Volume 24, p. 6161. See also Submission no. 398, Job Watch, Volume 14,  pp. 3244-5.

[37]         Submission no. 172, Liberty Victoria - Victorian Council of Civil Liberties, Volume 4, p. 815.

[38]         Submission no. 398, Job Watch, Volume 14, pp. 3243-4. See also Submission no. 477, Maurice Blackburn Cashman, Volume 23, pp. 6089-90; Submission no. 484, Fitzroy Legal Service, Volume 24, p. 6161.

[39]         Submission no. 484, Fitzroy Legal Service, Volume 24, p. 6160.

[40]         Submission no. 520, NSW Government, Volume 26, p. 6928.

[41]         Submission no. 484, Fitzroy Legal Service, Volume 24, p. 6162. See also Submission no. 369, Redfern Legal Centre, Volume 12, p. 2516; Submission no. 477, Maurice Blackburn Cashman Lawyers, Volume 23, pp. 6085-6; and Submission no. 462, Turner Freeman Solicitors, Volume 22, p. 5654.

[42]         Submission no. 520 NSW Government, Volume 26, p. 6928. See also Submission no. 369, Redfern Legal Centre, Volume 12, pp. 2516-7; Submission no. 412, Slater and Gordon Solicitors, Volume 16, pp. 3511-12.

[43]         Submission no. 412, Slater and Gordon Solicitors, Volume 16, p. 3509. See also Submission no. 477, Maurice Blackburn Cashman Lawyers, Volume 23, p. 6095.

[44]         Submission no. 398, Job Watch, Volume 14, p. 3254.

[45]         Ibid., p. 3255.

[46]         Submission no. 412, Slater and Gordon Solicitors, Volume 16, pp. 3509-11.

[47]         Ibid., pp. 3516-7.

[48]         Submission no. 398, Job Watch, Volume 14, pp. 3246-7.

[49]         Submission no. 477, Maurice Blackburn Cashman Lawyers, Volume 23, pp. 6081-2.

[50]         See Submission no. 398, Job Watch, Volume 14, pp. 3249-50.

[51]         Submission no. 477, Maurice Blackburn Cashman Lawyers, Volume 23, pp. 6088-9.

[52]         Submission no. 412, Slater and Gordon Solicitors, Volume 16, pp. 3517-8. See also Submission no. 462, Turner Freeman Solicitors, Volume 22, p. 5652.

[53]         Submission no. 369, Redfern Legal Centre, Volume 12, p. 2516.

[54]         Submission no. 398, Job Watch, Volume 14, p. 3254.

[55]         Submission no. 392, Australian Industry Group, Volume 14, p. 3092. See also Submission no. 412, Slater and Gordon Solicitors, Volume 16, p. 3523.

[56]         Submission no. 463, The Victorian Bar, Volume 22, pp. 5671-72.

Chapter 10 - Victorian workers

[1]           Jobwatch Inc, Submission No. 398, p. 3

[2]           Leigh Hubbard, Victorian Trades Hall Council, Evidence, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 64

[3]           Wendy Tobin, Jobwatch Inc, Evidence, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p 176

[4]           Mark Brown, Evidence, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, pp. 183-4

[5]           Peter Holding, Submission No. 19

[6]           Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, Submission No. 329, p. 358

[7]           Wendy Tobin, Jobwatch Inc, Evidence, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, pp. 177 and 182

[8]           Victorian Government, Submission No. 542 p. 4

[9]           Leigh Hubbard, Victorian Trades Hall Council, Evidence, Melbourne, 7 October 199, p. 68

[10]         Victorian Trades Hall Council, Submission No. 413, p. 4

[11]         Australian Catholic Commission for Employment Relations, Submission No. 167 , p. 32

[12]         Lloyd Freeburn, National Union of Workers, Evidence, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 73

[13]         Victorian Government, Submission No. 542, pp. 2-3

[14]         Wendy Tobin, Jobwatch Inc, Evidence, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p. 176

[15]         Jobwatch Inc,  Submission No. 398

[16]         Shop Distributive and Allied Employees’ Association, Submission No. 414, pp. 126-7

[17]         Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business, Submission No. 329, p. 359

[18]         Victorian Government, Submission No. 542, p. 6

[19]         Shop Distributive and Allied Employees’ Association, Submission No. 414, p. 127

[20]         Elizabeth-Anne Calder, Evidence, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 66

[21]         Shop Distributive and Allied Employees’ Association, Submission No. 414, p. 128

[22]         Leigh Hubbard, Victorian Trades and Labour Council, Evidence, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p. 64

[23]         Victorian Government, Submission No. 542, p. 7

[24]         Roger McDermid, Submission No. 16

[25]         30 May 1997

[26]         Clause 3

[27]         Victorian Government, Submission No. 542, p. 12

Chapter 11 - Independent contractors

[1]           Re Dingjan; Ex parte Wagner (1995) 19\83 CLR 323

[2]           Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission No. 399, p 118. The relevant legislation is: Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth), ss 51AA, 52 & 87; Fair Trading Act 1985 (Vic), s 11; Industrial Relations Act 1996 (NSW), s106; Industrial Relations Act 1996 (Qld), ss275 & 276.

[3]           John Ryan, Australian Catholic Commission for Employment Relations, Evidence, Melbourne, 8 October 1999, p 142

[4]           Transport Workers’ Union of Australia (Victorian & Tasmanian Branch), Submission No. 93, p 8

[5]           Ibid, pp 8-9

[6]           Transport Workers’ Union of Australia, Submission No. 447, p 9

[7]           William Noonan, Evidence, Melbourne, 7 October 1999, p 101

[8]           Pamela Curr, Fair Wear Campaign, Evidence, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 356

[9]           Australian Young Christian Workers Movement, Submission No. 166, p. 6

[10]          Redfern Legal Centre, Submission No, 369, p. 3

[11]          James Nolan, Barrister, Evidence, Sydney, 26 October 1999, p. 415

[12]          Club Managers’ Association Australia, Submission No. 426, p. 2

[13]          Supplementary Report on Consideration of the Workplace Relations and Other Legislation Amendment Bill 1996, p354

Australian Democrat Senators' Report

[1] Senator Andrew Murray, Australian Democrats, ‘Supplementary Report on the Corporate Law Economic Reform Program Bill’, 1998, 5.