Chapter 1 - Introduction

[1]        Journals of the Senate, No. 135, 2 February 2016, p. 3663.

[2]        Journals of the Senate, No. 5, 13 September 2016, p. 177.

[3]        Journals of the Senate, No. 28, 14 February 2017, p. 945.

[4]        Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 2.

[5]        Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 2. See also University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 2.

[6]        Department of the Environment and Energy, Submission 22, p. 2.

[7]        Associate Professor Geoff Allen, University of Tasmania, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 27.

[8]        University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 2.

[9]        Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 4. See also Dr Anne Dollin, Submission 15, p. 1; Geelong Beekeepers Club, Submission 18, p. 1.

[10]      Dr Andrew Hingston, Submission 11, p. 2.

[11]      Dr Andrew Hingston, Submission 11, p. 2.

[12]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 4.

[13]      Dr Peter McQuillan, University of Tasmania, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 24.

[14]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 2

[15]      Dr Katja Hogendoorn and et al, Submission 16, p. 1.

[16]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 2.

[17]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 2. See also Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 4.

[18]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 3.

[19]      The process for amending the list is outlined at: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/wildlife-trade/live/import-list/how-to-amend

[20]      Mr Stephen Oxley, Department of the Environment and Energy, Committee Hansard, 29 March 2017, pp. 1–2.

[21]      Costa Group, Submission 12.

[22]      Mr Stephen Oxley, Department of the Environment and Energy, Committee Hansard, 29 March 2017, p. 2.

[23]      Geelong Beekeepers Club, Submission 18, p. 1.

[24]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 3.

[25]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 3.

[26]      Mr Paul Murphy, Department of the Environment and Energy, Committee Hansard, 29 March 2017, p. 3.

[27]      Mr Stephen Oxley, Department of the Environment and Energy, Committee Hansard, 29 March 2017, p. 2.

[28]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 2.

[29]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 2. See also Ms Carole Rodger, Tasmanian Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 28.

[30]      Ms Carole Rodger, Tasmanian Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 28.

[31]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 9.

[32]      Dr Lloyd Klumpp, Tasmanian Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 29.

[33]      Ms Carole Rodger, Tasmanian Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 28.

[34]      Mr Paul Murphy, Department of the Environment and Energy, Committee Hansard, 29 March 2017, p. 2.

[35]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 4.

[36]      Mr Stephen Oxley, Department of the Environment and Energy, Committee Hansard, 29 March 2017, p. 1.

[37]      Journals of the Senate, No. 29, 15 May 2014, p. 818.

[38]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 3.

[39]      Senator the Hon Simon Birmingham, Assistant Minister for Education and Training, Senate Hansard, 14 September 2015, p. 6731.

[40]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 3.

[41]      Mr Paul Murphy, Department of the Environment, Environment and Communications Legislation Committee, Supplementary Budget Estimates Hansard, 13 November 2015, p. 3.

[42]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 3. See also Mr Paul Murphy, Department of the Environment, Environment and Communications Legislation Committee, Supplementary Budget Estimates Hansard, 13 November 2015, p. 4.

[43]      Senator the Hon Simon Birmingham, Assistant Minister for Education and Training, Senate Hansard, 14 September 2015, p. 6732. See also Mr Malcolm Thompson, Deputy Secretary, Department of the Environment, Estimates Hansard, 13 November 2015, p. 6.

[44]      Mr Stephen Oxley, Department of the Environment, Environment and Communications Legislation Committee, Supplementary Budget Estimates Hansard, 13 November 2015, p. 6.

Chapter 2 - Support for the commercial use of bumblebees

[1]        CSIRO, Submission 7, p. 6.

[2]        Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 3.

[3]        Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture and University of Tasmania, Submission 6, p. 2; Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, Submission 19, p. 3.

[4]        Costa Group, Submission 12, p. 3.

[5]        Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 3.

[6]        Fruit Growers Tasmania, Submission 1, p. 2; Raspberries & Blackberries Australia Inc, Submission 5, p. 1;

[7]        Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 3.

[8]        Raspberries & Blackberries Australia Inc, Submission 5, p. 1.

[9]        Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 4.

[10]      Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, Submission 19, p. 2.

[11]      Protected Cropping Australia, Submission 10, p. 1

[12]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 2. See also Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 3.

[13]      Department of the Environment, Submission 20, p. 5.

[14]      Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, Submission 19, p. 1.

[15]      Fruit Growers Tasmania, Submission 1, p. 4.

[16]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, pp. 5–6. See also Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 4.

[17]      Geelong Beekeepers Club, Submission 18, p. 1.

[18]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 7.

[19]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 7.

[20]      Costa Group, Submission 16, p. 3.

[21]      Mr Michael Toby, Costa Group, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 2.

[22]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 8.

[23]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 8.

[24]      Costa Group, Submission 12, p. 8.

[25]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 4. See also University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 3.

[26]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 5.

[27]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 5.

[28]      Mr Marcus Brandsema, Protected Cropping Australia, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 10.

[29]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 7.

[30]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 8.

[31]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 8.

[32]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 7; Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 5.

[33]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 5.

[34]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 5.

[35]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 5.

[36]      Mr Michael Toby, Costa Group, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 2. See also Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 8.

[37]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 1.

[38]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 1.

[39]      Mr Phil Pyke, Fruit Growers Tasmania, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 12.

[40]      Fruit Growers Tasmania, Submission 1, p. 3.

[41]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 2.

[42]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 1.

[43]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 5.

[44]      Fruit Growers Tasmania, Submission 1, p. 3. See also Mr Phil Pyke, Fruit Growers Tasmania, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 12.

[45]      Mr Lindsay Bourke, Tasmanian Beekeepers' Association, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 15.

[46]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 6.

[47]      Fruit Growers Tasmania, Submission 1, p. 4.

[48]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 1. See also Fruit Growers Tasmania, Submission 1, p. 4.

[49]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, pp. 2, 5, 6.

[50]      External parasites of honey bees. Although they can feed and live on adult honey bees, they mainly feed and reproduce on larvae and pupae in the developing brood, causing malformation and weakening of honey bees and well as transmitting numerous viruses. See http://beeaware.org.au/archive-pest/varroa-mites/#ad-image-0 (accessed 30 September 2016). Note: The varroa mite was found in a nest of honey bees in the Port of Townsville in far north Queensland. The hive was destroyed by staff from the Department of Agriculture and Water Resources. See Matt Watson, 'Bee-killing varroa mites found in Port of Townsville nest', ABC News, 6 July 2016.

[51]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 1.

[52]      Mr Michael Toby, Costa Group, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 2.

[53]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 6.

[54]      Mr Marcus Brandsema, Protected Cropping Australia, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 9.

[55]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 6.

[56]      Fruit Growers Tasmania, Submission 1, p. 4; Submission 6, p. 6; Mr Marcus Brandsema, Protected Cropping Australia, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 9.

[57]      Raspberries & Blackberries Australia, Submission 5, p. 2.

[58]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 6.

[59]      Tasmanian Farmers & Graziers Association, Submission 13, p. 2.

[60]      Dr Anne Dollin, Submission 15, p. 1.

[61]      Fruit Growers Tasmania, Submission 1, p. 2.

[62]      Dr Katja Hogendoorn et al, Submission 16, p. 2.

Chapter 3 - Potential risks arising from the commercial use of bumblebees

[1]        University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 3.

[2]        Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 4. See also Dr Megan Halcroft, Submission 2, p. 1.

[3]        Invasive Species Council, Submission 4, Attachment, p. 2.

[4]        Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 9. See also Geelong Beekeepers Club, Submission 18, p. 3.

[5]        Dr Peter McQuillan, University of Tasmania, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 21.

[6]        Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 5.

[7]        Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 6.

[8]        CSIRO, Submission 7, p. 4; South Australian Government, Submission 21, p. 1.

[9]        Dr Peter McQuillan, University of Tasmania, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 25.

[10]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 10. See also The Geelong Beekeepers Club Submission 18, p. 3.

[11]      Mr Phil Pyke, Fruit Growers Tasmania, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, pp. 4–5.

[12]      Mr Marcus Brandsema, Protected Cropping Australia, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 9.

[13]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 3.

[14]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 4.

[15]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 6.

[16]      CSIRO, Submission 7, p. 5. See also Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 5.

[17]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 4.

[18]      Dr Megan Halcroft, Submission 2, p.1; Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 6.

[19]      Dr Peter McQuillan, University of Tasmania, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 24.

[20]      Dr Andrew Hingston, Submission 11, pp. 1–2.

[21]      Dr Megan Halcroft, Submission 2, p. 1.

[22]      CSIRO, Submission 7, p. 5.

[23]      Dr Andrew Hingston, Submission 11, p. 3.

[24]      Dr Megan Halcroft, Submission 2, p. 1.

[25]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 3.

[26]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 6. See also Dr Peter McQuillan, University of Tasmania, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 22.

[27]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 8. See Also Mr Robert J Bell, Submission 9, p. 1.

[28]      Dr Andrew Hingston, Submission 11, p. 3. See also AB Hingston and S Wotherspoon, 'Introduced social bees reduce nectar availability during the breeding season of the swift parrot (Lathamus discolour)', Pacific Conservation Biology, 2017, 23, 52–62.

[29]      Dr Andrew Hingston, Submission 11, p. 3.

[30]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 7. See also South Australian Government, Submission 21, p. 3.

[31]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 8. See also Dr Megan Halcroft, Submission 2, p. 1.

[32]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 4; Geelong Beekeepers Club, Submission 18, p. 2; Dr Peter McQuillan, University of Tasmania, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 22.

[33]      CSIRO, Submission 7, p. 5. See 'Introduction of the Large Earth Bumblebee Bombus terrestris (L) – profile' at:http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/threatenedspeciesapp/profile.aspx?‌id=20005 (accessed 6 October 2016)

[34]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 8.

[35]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 7; Dr Peter McQuillan, University of Tasmania, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 22.

[36]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 8. See also Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 6.

[37]      CSIRO, Submission 7, p. 5.

[38]      Dr Megan Halcroft, Submission 2, p. 1.

[39]      For further detail on the biosecurity measures for the Australian honey bee industry, not specific to Tasmania, see House of Representatives Standing Committee on Agriculture and Water Resources, Biosecurity in the Australian honey bee industry, Proof Committee Hansard, 24 November 2016.

[40]      Dr Megan Halcroft, Submission 2, p. 1; Tasmanian Beekeepers' Association, Submission 3, p. 1.

[41]      Dr Megan Halcroft, Submission 2, p. 2.

[42]      Australian Honey Bee Industry Council, Submission 8, p. 2.

[43]      Dr Megan Halcroft, Submission 2, p. 1.

[44]      Dr Katja Hogendoorn et al, Submission 16, p. 4.

[45]      Tasmanian Beekeepers' Association, Submission 3, p. 2. See also Australian Honey Bee Industry Council, Submission 8, p. 2.

[46]      Dr Andrew Hingston, Submission 11, p. 6.

[47]      Dr Jonathon Taylor, Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, Committee Hansard, 29 February 2017, p. 5.

[48]      Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, Submission 19, p. 4.

[49]      CSIRO, Submission 7, p. 6.

[50]      CSIRO, Submission 7, p. 6.

[51]      CSIRO, Submission 7, p. 4.

[52]      CSIRO, Submission 7, p. 4.

[53]      CSIRO, Submission 7, p. 6.

[54]      Dr Katja Hogendoorn et al, Submission 16, p. 1.

[55]      Invasive Species Council, Submission 4, p. 2.

[56]      Tasmanian Farmers and Graziers Association, Submission 13, p. 1; Dr Tobias Smith, Submission 17, p. 2.

[57]      CSIRO, Submission 7, p. 4.

[58]      Dr Andrew Hingston, Submission 11, p. 5.

[59]      Geelong Beekeepers Club, Submission 18, p. 4.

[60]      Geelong Beekeepers Club, Submission 18, p. 4.

[61]      Invasive Species Council, Submission 4, p. 1; Dr Andrew Hingston, Submission 11, p. 5; Dr Katja Hogendoorn et al, Submission 16, p. 3.

[62]      Dr Megan Halcroft, Submission 2, p. 3.

[63]      Australian Honey Bee Industry Council, Submission 8, p. 2.

[64]      Dr Andrew Hingston, Submission 11, p. 3.

[65]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 10.

[66]      Mr Paul Murphy, Department of the Environment and Energy, Committee Hansard, 29 February 2017, p. 3.

[67]      Dr Peter McQuillan, University of Tasmania, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2017, p. 23.

[68]      Invasive Species Council, Submission 4, p. 3. This evidence is based on information attributed to the AHBIC.

[69]      Geelong Beekeepers Club, Submission 18, p. 3.

[70]      Dr Andrew Hingston, submission 11, p. 5.

[71]      South Australian Government, Submission 21, p. 4.

[72]      Tasmanian Beekeepers' Association, Submission 3, p. 2.

[73]      Geelong Beekeepers Club, Submission 18, p. 2.

[74]      Costa Group, Submission 12, Attachment 3, p. 1.

[75]      Tasmanian Beekeepers' Association, Submission 3, p. 2.

[76]      Australian Honey Bee Industry Council, Submission 8, p. 2.

[77]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 9.

[78]      South Australian Government, Submission 21, p. 4.

[79]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 8. See also Dr Megan Halcroft, Submission 2, p. 1.

[80]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 8.

[81]      Mr Robert Bell, Submission 9, p. 2.

[82]      Geelong Beekeepers Club, Submission 18, p. 2

[83]      Department of Environment, Submission 22, p. 2.

[84]      Invasive Species Council, Submission 4, Attachment p. 2; Department of Environment, Submission 22, p. 10. See also Geelong Beekeepers Club, Submission 18, p. 3.

[85]      Department of Environment, Submission 22, p. 10.

[86]      Department of Environment, Submission 22, p. 10.

[87]      University of Tasmania and Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Submission 6, p. 5; Tasmanian Government, Submission 20, p. 9.

[88]      Geelong Beekeepers Club, Submission 18, p. 3.

[89]      CSIRO, Submission 7, p. 7.

[90]      Dr Katja Hogendoorn et al, Submission 16, p. 3.

[91]      CSIRO, Submission 7, p. 7.

[92]      Invasive Species Council, Submission 4, Attachment, p. 2; Dr Katja Hogendoorn et al, Submission 16, p. 3.

[93]      Dr Anne Dollin, Submission 15, p. 2.

[94]      South Australian Government, Submission 21, p. 5.

[95]      Costa Group, Submission 12, p. 7.

[96]      Department of the Environment, Submission 22, p. 3; Senator the Hon Simon Birmingham, Assistant Minister for Education and Training, Senate Hansard, 14 September 2015, p. 6731.