Footnotes

Chapter 1 - Introduction

[1]        Journals of the Senate, No. 88—24 March 2015, pp 2374–2376.

[2]        Journals of the Senate, No. 94—14 May 2015, p. 2601.

[3]        Journals of the Senate, No. 104—11 August 2015, p. 2898.

[4]        Journals of the Senate, No. 111—7 September 2015, p. 3039.

[5]        Journals of the Senate, No. 131—30 November 2015, p. 3518.

[6]        Journals of the Senate, No. 138—22 February 2016, p. 3749.

CHAPTER 2 - Overview of temporary visa programs

[1]        Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3 (supplementary), p. 5.

[2]        Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 4.

[3]        Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 3.

[4]        Caro Meldrum-Hanna and Ali Russell, 'Slaving Away: The dirty secrets behind Australia's fresh food', Four Corners, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, broadcast 4 May 2015.

[5]        Adele Ferguson and Klaus Toft, '7-Eleven: The price of convenience', Four Corners, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, broadcast 31 August 2015.

[6]        The term 'indefinitely temporary' is used by Peter Mares; see Peter Mares, Submission 2.

[7]        Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 4.

[8]        Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 4.

[9]        Department of Employment, Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Department of Education and Training, Department of Industry and Science, Department of Social Services, Fair Work Ombudsman and Safe Work Australia [hereafter Australian Government Departments], Submission 41, p. 1.

[10]      Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, p. 1.

[11]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Fact Sheet: Migrant— Migration programme outcomes for 2010–11 to 2013–14 and planning levels for 2014–15, available at http://www.border.gov.au/about/corporate/information/fact-sheets/migrant (accessed 18 August 2015).

[12]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Subclass 457 quarterly report, 31 March 2015, p. 1; see also Dr Joanna Howe, 'Is the net cast too wide? An assessment of whether the regulatory design of the 457 visa meets Australia's skill needs', Federal Law Review, vol. 41, 2013, p. 2.

[13]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice, 17 July 2015 (received 11 August 2015).

[14]      International English Language Testing System (IELTS), Australia—What score do you need?, https://www.ielts.org/what-is-ielts/ielts-for-migration/australia (accessed 10 March 2016).

[15]      Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 3.

[16]      Department of Employment, Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Department of Education and Training, Department of Industry and Science, Department of Social Services, Fair Work Ombudsman and Safe Work Australia, Submission 41, Attachment B, p. 20.

[17]      Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 5.

[18]      Janet Phillips and Harriet Spinks, 'Skilled migration: temporary and permanent flows to Australia', Background note, Table 3: Temporary migration: overseas student and business long stay (subclass 457) visa grants since 1996–97, Parliamentary Library, Parliament of Australia, 6 December 2012.

[19]      Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, Attachment B, Table 4, p.21 and Attachment C, p. 22.

[20]      Australian government, Seasonal Worker Programme expansion—Q & A, available at http://docs.employment.gov.au/system/files/doc/other/expansion_of_the_seasonal_worker_programme_-_faqs.pdf (accessed 19 August 2015).

[21]      Australian government, Seasonal Worker Programme expansion—Q & A.

[22]      Australian government, Seasonal Worker Programme expansion—Q & A.

[23]      Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, Attachment C, p. 22, Attachment B, Table 4, p.21.

[24]      Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 5.

[25]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, What is the Working Holiday Maker program?, available at https://www.border.gov.au/Lega/Lega/Form/Immi-FAQs/what-is-the-working-holiday-maker-program (accessed 19 August 2015).

[26]      Migration Regulations 1994 [F2015C00584], regulations 417.611, 462.611 (by operation of mandatory visa condition 8547).

[27]      Migration Regulations 1994 [F2015C00584], regulations 417.211; Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Working Holiday Maker visa programme report, 30 June 2014, p. 4, available at https://www.border.gov.au/ReportsandPublications/Documents/statistics/working-holiday-report-jun14.pdf#search=working%20holiday%20maker%20visa%20program%20report (accessed 19 August 2015).

[28]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Working Holiday Maker visa programme report, 30 June 2014, p. 4.

[29]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Working Holiday Maker visa programme report, 30 June 2014, p. 7.

[30]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Working Holiday Maker visa programme report, 30 June 2014, p. 4.

[31]      Migration Regulations 1994 [F2015C00584], regulations 570.617, 571.614, 572.617, 573.617, 574.617, 575.617, 576.614 (by operation of visa condition 8104).

[32]      Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, Attachment B, Table 4, p. 21.

[33]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 15.

[34]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Graduate visa (subclass 485), available at https://www.border.gov.au/Trav/Visa-1/485-# (accessed 20 August 2015).

[35]      Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, Attachment B, Table 4, p. 21.

[36]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Graduate visa (subclass 485).

[37]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Graduate visa (subclass 485).

[38]      Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, p. 10.

[39]      The Temporary Skilled Migration Income Threshold (TSMIT) provides an income floor for 457 visa holders. The TSMIT is covered in greater detail in chapter 3.

[40]      Department of Employment, Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Department of Education and Training, Department of Industry and Science, Department of Social Services, Fair Work Ombudsman and Safe Work Australia, Submission 41, p. 16.

[41]      Department of Immigration and Citizenship, On-hire labour agreements—Information for employers about labour agreement submissions, October 2012, available at https://skilledmigration.govspace.gov.au/files/2012/10/ON-HIRE-Labour-Agreement-information-booklet-October-2012.pdf (accessed 19 August 2015).

[42]      Department of Employment, Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Department of Education and Training, Department of Industry and Science, Department of Social Services, Fair Work Ombudsman and Safe Work Australia, Submission 41, p. 10.

[43]      Department of Employment, Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Department of Education and Training, Department of Industry and Science, Department of Social Services, Fair Work Ombudsman and Safe Work Australia, Submission 41, p. 16.

[44]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Designated Area Migration Agreements— Information about requesting and managing a designated area migration agreement, August 2014, p. 4, available at http://www.border.gov.au/WorkinginAustralia/Documents/dama.pdf (accessed 19 August 2015).

[45]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Designated Area Migration Agreements— Information about requesting and managing a designated area migration agreement, August 2014, p. 4.

[46]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Project Agreements—Information about requesting and managing a project deed of agreement, May 2015, p. 6, available at http://www.border.gov.au/WorkinginAustralia/Documents/project-companies-submission-information.pdf (accessed 19 August 2015).

[47]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Project Agreements—Information about requesting and managing a project deed of agreement, May 2015, p. 6.

[48]      Department of Employment, Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Department of Education and Training, Department of Industry and Science, Department of Social Services, Fair Work Ombudsman and Safe Work Australia, Submission 41, p. 16.

[49]      Mr Michael Knight, Strategic Review of the Student Visa Program, Report, Australian Government, 2011.

[50]      Committee of Inquiry into the Temporary Entry of Business People and Highly Skilled Specialists, Business Temporary Entry: Future Directions, August1995.

[51]      Department of Immigration, Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs, In Australia's interests: A Review of the Temporary Residence Program, 2002.

[52]      Joint Standing Committee on Migration, Inquiry into temporary business visas, Temporary visas...permanent benefits: ensuring the effectiveness, fairness and integrity of the temporary business visa program, August 2007.

[53]      Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Final Report to the Minister for Immigration and Citizenship, April 2008.

[54]      Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Visa Subclass 457 Integrity Review Final Report, October 2008.

[55]      Mr Michael Knight, Strategic Review of the Student Visa Program, Report, Australian Government, 2011.

[56]      Senate Education, Employment and Workplace Relations Legislation Committee, Inquiry into the Protecting Local Jobs (Regulating Enterprise Migration Agreements) Bill 2012 [Provisions], 12 March 2013.

[57]      Senate Legal and Constitutional Affairs References Committee, Framework and operation of subclass 457 visas, Enterprise Migration Agreements and Regional Migration Agreements, 27 June 2013.

[58]      Mr John Azarias, Ms Jenny Lambert, Professor Peter McDonald and Ms Katie Malyon, Robust New Foundations: A streamlined, transparent and responsive system for the 457 programme, September 2014.

[59]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Reviewing the Skilled Migration and 400 Series Visa Programmes, Discussion Paper, September 2014; Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Simplification of the skilled migration and temporary activity visa programmes, Proposal Paper, December 2014.

[60]      Committee of Inquiry into the Temporary Entry of Business People and Highly Skilled Specialists, Business Temporary Entry: Future Directions, 1995.

[61]      Mr John Azarias, Ms Jenny Lambert, Professor Peter McDonald and Ms Katie Malyon, Robust New Foundations: A streamlined, transparent and responsive system for the 457 programme, September 2014, p. 20.

[62]      Department of Immigration, Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs, In Australia's interests: A Review of the Temporary Residence Program, 2002, pp 29–30, 122–125.

[63]      Joint Standing Committee on Migration, Inquiry into temporary business visas, Temporary visas...permanent benefits: ensuring the effectiveness, fairness and integrity of the temporary business visa program, August 2007, Recommendation 12, p. xviii.

[64]      Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Final Report to the Minister for Immigration and Citizenship, April 2008, pp 10–11, 37.

[65]      Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Visa Subclass 457 Integrity Review Final Report, October 2008, p. 13.

[66]      Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Visa Subclass 457 Integrity Review Final Report, October 2008, p. 8.

[67]      Mr Michael Knight, Strategic Review of the Student Visa Program, Report, Australian Government, 2011 p. viii.

[68]      Migration Amendment (Temporary Sponsored Visas) Act 2013, Schedule 1.

[69]      Migration Amendment (Temporary Sponsored Visas) Act 2013, Schedule 2.

[70]      Migration Amendment (Temporary Sponsored Visas) Act 2013, Schedule 2.

[71]      Migration Amendment (Temporary Sponsored Visas) Act 2013, Schedule 5.

[72]      Migration Amendment (Temporary Sponsored Visas) Act 2013, Schedule 6.

[73]      Migration Amendment (Temporary Sponsored Visas) Act 2013, Schedule 3.

[74]      Mr John Azarias, Ms Jenny Lambert, Professor Peter McDonald and Ms Katie Malyon, Robust New Foundations: A streamlined, transparent and responsive system for the 457 programme, September 2014, p. 7.

[75]      Mr John Azarias, Ms Jenny Lambert, Professor Peter McDonald and Ms Katie Malyon, Robust New Foundations: A streamlined, transparent and responsive system for the 457 programme, September 2014, p. 8.

[76]      Mr John Azarias, Ms Jenny Lambert, Professor Peter McDonald and Ms Katie Malyon, Robust New Foundations: A streamlined, transparent and responsive system for the 457 programme, September 2014, p. 9.

[77]      Mr John Azarias, Ms Jenny Lambert, Professor Peter McDonald and Ms Katie Malyon, Robust New Foundations: A streamlined, transparent and responsive system for the 457 programme, September 2014, pp 11 and 12.

[78]      Mr John Azarias, Ms Jenny Lambert, Professor Peter McDonald and Ms Katie Malyon, Robust New Foundations: A streamlined, transparent and responsive system for the 457 programme, September 2014, p. 12.

[79]      Senate Legal and Constitutional Affairs References Committee, Framework and operation of subclass 457 visas, Enterprise Migration Agreements and Regional Migration Agreements, 27 June 2013, pp ix–x.

[80]      Australian Government, Response to the Senate inquiry report: The Framework and operation of subclass 457 visas, Enterprise Migration Agreements and Regional Migration Agreements, July 2014.

[81]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Reviewing the Skilled Migration and 400 Series Visa Programmes, Discussion Paper, September 2014; Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Simplification of the skilled migration and temporary activity visa programmes, Proposal Paper, December 2014.

[82]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Reviewing the Skilled Migration and 400 Series Visa Programmes, Discussion Paper, September 2014, p. 16.

[83]      Fragomen, Submission 21, p. 18.

[84]      Australian Government, Our North, Our Future: White Paper on Developing Northern Australia, June 2015, p. 111.

[85]      Australian Government, Our North, Our Future: White Paper on Developing Northern Australia, June 2015, p. 112.

[86]      Australian Government, Our North, Our Future: White Paper on Developing Northern Australia, June 2015, p. 112.

[87]      Australian Government, Our North, Our Future: White Paper on Developing Northern Australia, June 2015, p. 113.

[88]      Australian Government, Our North, Our Future: White Paper on Developing Northern Australia, June 2015, p. 114.

[89]      Mr Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 7.

[90]      Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 3.

[91]      Mr Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 7.

[92]      Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission 10, p. 9; Mr Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 7.

[93]      Mr Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 7, emphasis original.

[94]      Mr Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 9.

[95]      Mr Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 9.

[96]      Mr Peter Mares, Submission 2, pp 9–10.

[97]      Mr Peter Mares, Submission 2, pp 10–11.

[98]      Mr Peter Mares, private capacity, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 47–49.

[99]      Eventus, Submission 25, p. 21.

[100]    Mr Peter Mares, private capacity, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 47.

[101]    Mr Peter Mares, private capacity, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 47.

[102]    Mr Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 14.

[103]    Mr Peter Mares, Submission 2, pp 14–15.

[104]    Mr Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 15.

[105]    Mr Peter Mares, private capacity, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 45.

[106]    Mr Peter Mares, private capacity, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 45–46.

CHAPTER 3 - Impact of the 457 visa program on employment opportunities

[1]        Senate Legal and Constitutional Affairs References Committee, Framework and operation of subclass 457 visas, Enterprise Migration Agreements and Regional Migration Agreements, 27 June 2013, p. 18.

[2]        Senate Legal and Constitutional Affairs References Committee, Framework and operation of subclass 457 visas, Enterprise Migration Agreements and Regional Migration Agreements, 27 June 2013, p. 19.

[3]        Dr Joanna Howe and Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 5; Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, pp 5–6; Engineers Australia, Submission 4, pp 1 and 4;
Ms Jenny Lambert, Director, Employment, Education and Training, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 16; Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 6; Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, pp 4–6; Ms Ruth Kershaw, Research Consultant, Victorian Branch, Electrical Trades Union, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 27; Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 24; Mr Ron Monaghan, General Secretary, Queensland Council of Unions, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 1.

[4]        Mr Benjamin Loeve, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, pp 2–3; The Australian Federation of Air Pilots, Submission 15, p. 2; Australian Maritime Officers Union, Submission 18, pp 3–5; Mr Matthew Boyd, Branch Organiser, Electrical Trades Union, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 32–33; Australian Workers Union, Submission 44, pp 1–2; Ms Ruth Kershaw, Research Consultant, Victorian Branch, Electrical Trades Union, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 27–28.

[5]        Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 19; Mrs Laura Wells, Tastensee Farms, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 21; Mr David Fairweather, Tastensee Farms, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 20; Ms Deborah Kerr, General Manager, Policy, Australian Pork Limited, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 9; Ms Sarah McKinnon, Manager, Workplace Relations and Legal Affairs, National Farmers' Federation, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 31; Mrs Roma Britnell, Chair, Markets, Trade and Value Chain Policy Advisory Group, Australian Dairy Farmers Ltd, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 39; Mr Guy Gaeta, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 36; Mr Justin Roach, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 36; Mr Bernard Murray and Mrs Kerry Murray, Owners, Murray Free Range, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, pp 28–29; Mrs Elizabeth Mary Wallace, Human Resources, Compliance and Feed Purchasing, Windridge Farms, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 29.

[6]        Australian Institute of Marine and Power Engineers, Submission 17, pp 4 and 8; Australian Higher Education Industrial Association, Submission 20, pp 2–3.

[7]        Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 5; United Voice, Submission 19, pp 2–3; Maritime Union of Australia, Submission 22, p. 9; Northern Territory Government, Submission 39, pp 1–2.

[8]        Dr Joanna Howe and Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, pp 8–13; Dr Joanna Howe, 'Is the net cast too wide? An assessment of whether the regulatory design of the 457 visa meets Australia's skill needs', Federal Law Review, vol. 41 issue 3, pp 20 and 23; Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, pp 20–22; Unions NSW, Submission 35, pp 5 and 7; Maritime Union of Australia, Submission 22, pp 6–7; Electrical Trades Union, Submission 12, p. 3; United Voice, Submission 19, pp 2–3; Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission 10, pp 8–9; Australian Higher Education Industrial Association, Submission 20, pp 1–2; Ms Jenny Lambert, Director, Employment, Education and Training, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, pp 17–18; Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 14.

[9]        Engineers Australia, Submission 4, p. 5; Electrical Trades Union, Submission 12, pp 8–9; Mr Matthew Boyd, Branch Organiser, Electrical Trades Union, Committee Hansard,
19 June 2015, p. 32.

[10]      Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, pp 3–7; Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 7; Migration Institute of Australia, Submission 40, pp 10–13; Engineers Australia, Submission 4, p. 5; Ms Ruth Kershaw, Research Consultant, Victorian Branch, Electrical Trades Union, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 27–28; Dr Joanna Howe, 'Is the net cast too wide? An assessment of whether the regulatory design of the 457 visa meets Australia's skill needs', Federal Law Review, vol. 41 issue 3, p. 16; Ms Jenny Lambert, Director, Employment, Education and Training, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, pp 12–13 and 17–18; Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, pp 25–35 and 97–105; The Australian Federation of Air Pilots, Submission 15, p. 2; Australian Maritime Officers Union, Submission 18, p. 5; Australian Institute of Marine and Power Engineers, Submission 17, p. 6; Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission 10, p. 13; Maritime Union of Australia, Submission 22, pp 5–6; United Voice, Submission 19, p. 2; Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 7; Australian Workers Union, Submission 44, pp 1–2; Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 22; Mr Ron Monaghan, General Secretary, Queensland Council of Unions, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 2; Ai Group, Submission 33, p. 18; Business Council of Australia, Submission 26, p. 2.

[11]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 20.

[12]      Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), International Migration Outlook 2009, p. 134.

[13]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 22.

[14]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 22; see also Electrical Trades Union, Submission 12, p. 3; United Voice, Submission 19, pp 2–3; Australian Workers Union, Submission 44, p. 2.

[15]      Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, p. 4.

[16]      Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, p. 4.

[17]      Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission 10, pp 8–9; see also Eventus, Submission 25, p. 20.

[18]      Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission 10, p. 13.

[19]      Ms Jenny Lambert, Director, Employment, Education and Training, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 17.

[20]      Dr Joanna Howe and Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 5.

[21]      Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, p. 5.

[22]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, pp 103–105.

[23]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 24.

[24]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 105.

[25]      Engineers Australia, Submission 4, p. 4.

[26]      Engineers Australia, Submission 4, p. 1.

[27]      Engineers Australia, Submission 4, p. 4.

[28]      Engineers Australia, Submission 4, pp 5–6.

[29]      Engineers Australia, Submission 4, p. 5.

[30]      Consult Australia, Submission 30, p. 4.

[31]      Consult Australia, Submission 30, p. 6.

[32]      Fragomen, Submission 21, p. 5.

[33]      Fragomen, Submission 21, p. 6.

[34]      Fragomen, Submission 21, p. 19.

[35]      Ms Jenny Lambert, Director, Employment, Education and Training, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 16; see also Fragomen, Submission 21, pp 5 and 20.

[36]      Ms Jenny Lambert, Director, Employment, Education and Training, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 21.

[37]      Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, pp 5–6.

[38]      Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 6; see also Eventus, Submission 25, p. 5.

[39]      Ms Sarah McKinnon, Manager, Workplace Relations and Legal Affairs, National Farmers' Federation, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, pp 32–33.

[40]      The Australian Mines and Metals Association, Submission 34, p. 3.

[41]      Ms Ruth Kershaw, Research Consultant, Victorian Branch, Electrical Trades Union, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 27–28.

[42]      Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, pp 8–9.

[43]      Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, p. 11.

[44]      Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, p. 11.

[45]      Ms Annie Butler, Assistant National Secretary, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 22; Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, answer to question on notice, 19 June 2015 (received 2 July 2015).

[46]      Mr Nicholas Blake, Senior Industrial Officer, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 24.

[47]      Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, p. 12.

[48]      Ms Annie Butler, Assistant National Secretary, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 21.

[49]      Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, pp 11–12.

[50]      The Australian Federation of Air Pilots, Submission 15, p. 2.

[51]      The Australian Federation of Air Pilots, Submission 15, p. 2.

[52]      Australian Maritime Officers Union, Submission 18, p. 3.

[53]      Australian Maritime Officers Union, Submission 18, p. 5.

[54]      Australian Maritime Officers Union, Submission 18, p. 5.

[55]      Ms Ros McLennan, Assistant General Secretary, Queensland Council of Unions, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 8.

[56]      Mr Benjamin Loeve, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 2.

[57]      Mr Benjamin Loeve, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, pp 2–3.

[58]      Mr Benjamin Loeve, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 3.

[59]      Ms Sarah McKinnon, Manager, Workplace Relations and Legal Affairs, National Farmers' Federation, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 31.

[60]      Australian Pork, Submission 9, p. 1.

[61]      Australian Pork, Submission 9, p. 1.

[62]      Ms Deborah Kerr, General Manager, Policy, Australian Pork Limited, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 8.

[63]      Australian Pork, answer to question on notice, 19 June 2015 (received 8 July 2015).

[64]      Ms Deborah Kerr, General Manager, Policy, Australian Pork Limited, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 9.

[65]      Ms Deborah Kerr, General Manager, Policy, Australian Pork Limited, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 9.

[66]      Mrs Elizabeth Wallace, Human Resources, Compliance and Feed Purchasing, Windridge Farms, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 31.

[67]      Mrs Elizabeth Wallace, Human Resources, Compliance and Feed Purchasing, Windridge Farms, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, pp 29–30.

[68]      Mrs Elizabeth Wallace, Human Resources, Compliance and Feed Purchasing, Windridge Farms, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 30; Mrs Kerry Murray, Owner, Murray Free Range, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 30.

[69]      Mr Bernard Murray, Owner, Murray Free Range, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 30.

[70]      Mrs Elizabeth Wallace, Human Resources, Compliance and Feed Purchasing, Windridge Farms, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 32; Mrs Kerry Murray, Owner, Murray Free Range, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 32.

[71]      Ms Deborah Kerr, General Manager, Policy, Australian Pork Limited, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 10.

[72]      Mrs Kerry Murray, Owner, Murray Free Range, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 28.

[73]      Mr Brian Smedley, Chief Executive, South Australian Wine Industry Association, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 1.

[74]      Mr Brian Smedley, Chief Executive, South Australian Wine Industry Association, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 1.

[75]      South Australian Wine Industry Association, Submission 5, p. 5.

[76]      See Australian Government Department, Submission 41, p. 1.

[77]      Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, pp 2–3.

[78]      Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, p. 2.

[79]      Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, p. 3.

[80]      Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, p. 1.

[81]      Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, p. 2.

[82]      Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, p. 2.

[83]      The threshold was set at $180 000 when initially introduced in 2008. It was increased to $250 000 in 2013.

[84]      Migration Regulations 1994 – Specification of Income Threshold and Annual Earnings 2015 – IMMI 15/050 [F2015L00569].

[85]      Journals of the Senate, No. 16—16 June 2015, p. 2673.

[86]      Australian Higher Education Industrial Association, Submission 20, pp 2–3.

[87]      Australian Institute of Marine and Power Engineers, Submission 17, p. 4.

[88]      Australian Institute of Marine and Power Engineers, Submission 17, p. 8.

[89]      Australian Government Departments, Submission 41, p. 2.

[90]      Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 5.

[91]      Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 5.

[92]      Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 5; see also United Voice, Submission 19, p. 3.

[93]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 12.

[94]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 84.

[95]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 84.

[96]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 85.

[97]      As at May 2015, the unemployment rate in the Northern Territory was 4.5 per cent. See Northern Territory Government, Department of Treasury and Finance, Economic Brief—Labour Force, May 2015, p. 1.

[98]      Northern Territory Government, Submission 39, p. 1.

[99]      Northern Territory Government, Submission 39, p. 2.

[100]    Northern Territory Government, Submission 39, p. 2.

[101]    United Voice, Submission 19, p. 3.

[102]    Maritime Union of Australia, Submission 22, p. 9.

[103]    The Australian Mines and Metals Association, Submission 34, pp 17–18.

[104]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 88.

[105]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 88.

[106]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 88.

[107]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 88.

[108]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 89.

[109]    Mr Henry Sherrell, Policy Analyst, Migration Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 6; see also Eventus, Submission 25, p. 20.

[110]    Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Skilled Occupations— Skilled Occupation List (SOL), available at https://www.border.gov.au/Trav/Work/Work/Skills-assessment-and-assessing-authorities/skilled-occupations-lists (accessed 18 August 2015).

[111]    Migration Regulations 1994 – Specification of Occupations, a Person or Body, a Country or Countries 2015 – IMMI 15/092 [F2015L01059]; see also Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice, (received 19 November 2015).

[112]    Department of Education and Training, 2015–16 Skilled Occupations List, available at https://education.gov.au/news/2015-16-skilled-occupations-list (accessed 18 August 2015).

[113]    Department of Education and Training, answer to question on notice, 22 October 2015 (received 16 December 2015).

[114]    Department of Education and Training, Former Australian Workforce Productivity Agency (AWPA), https://www.education.gov.au/former-australian-workforce-and-productivity-agency-awpa-publications (accessed 2 February 2015).

[115]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, answer to question on notice, 6 August 2015 (received 17 August 2015).

[116]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 11.

[117]    Department of Education and Training, answer to question on notice, 22 October 2015 (received 16 December 2015).

[118]    Department of Education and Training, answer to question on notice, 22 October 2015 (received 16 December 2015).

[119]    Department of Education and Training, answer to question on notice, 22 October 2015 (received 16 December 2015).

[120]    Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice, (received 19 November 2015).

[121]    The Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations (ANZSCO) is published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics and is current as at 1 July 2015.

[122]    Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice, 19 October 2015 (received 19 November 2015).

[123]    Dr Joanna Howe, Additional Information: 'Is the net cast too wide? An assessment of whether the regulatory design of the 457 visa meets Australia's skill needs', Federal Law Review, 2013, p. 20.

[124]    Dr Joanna Howe, Additional Information: 'Is the net cast too wide? An assessment of whether the regulatory design of the 457 visa meets Australia's skill needs', Federal Law Review, 2013, p. 23; see also Unions NSW, Submission 35, p. 5.

[125]    Maritime Union of Australia, Submission 22, pp 6–7.

[126]    Unions NSW, Submission 35, p. 7.

[127]    Ms Jenny Lambert, Director, Employment, Education and Training, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 18.

[128]    Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 14.

[129]    Australian Higher Education Industrial Association, Submission 20, pp 1–2.

[130]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 8; Dr Chris Wright and Dr Andreea Constantin, Submission 23, p. 3.

[131]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 8.

[132]    See John Azarias, Ms Jenny Lambert, Professor Peter McDonald and Ms Katie Malyon, Robust New Foundations: A streamlined, transparent and responsive system for the 457 programme, September 2014, pp 44–51.

[133]    John Azarias, Ms Jenny Lambert, Professor Peter McDonald and Ms Katie Malyon, Robust New Foundations: A streamlined, transparent and responsive system for the 457 programme, September 2014, p. 51; see also Dr Chris Wright and Dr Andreea Constantin, Submission 23, p. 3; Eventus, Submission 25, p. 1.

[134]    John Azarias, Ms Jenny Lambert, Professor Peter McDonald and Ms Katie Malyon, Robust New Foundations: A streamlined, transparent and responsive system for the 457 programme, September 2014, p. 49.

[135]    Australian Government Department of Finance, Ministerial Advisory Council on Skilled Migration, http://www.finance.gov.au/resource-management/governance/register/body/92321/ (accessed 8 March 2016).

[136]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 28; see also Electrical Trades Union, Submission 12, p. 4.

[137]    Ms Jenny Lambert, Director, Employment, Education and Training, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 18.

[138]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, pp 8–13.

[139]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 9.

[140]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, pp 9–10.

[141]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 10.

[142]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 8.

[143]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, answer to question on notice, 6 August 2015 (received 17August 2015).

[144]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, answer to question on notice, 6 August 2015 (received 17August 2015).

[145]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 11.

[146]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 11.

[147]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 12.

[148]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 12.

[149]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 12.

[150]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 12.

[151]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 13.

[152]    Dr Joanna Howe and Associate Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 13.

[153]    Eventus, Submission 25, p. 8.

[154]    Engineers Australia, Submission 4, p. 5.

[155]    Engineers Australia, Submission 4, p. 5.

[156]    Electrical Trades Union, Submission 12, p. 8.

[157]    Mr Matthew Boyd, Branch Organiser, Electrical Trades Union, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 32.

[158]    Electrical Trades Union, Submission 12, pp 8–9.

[159]    Mr Matthew Boyd, Branch Organiser, Electrical Trades Union, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 31–32.

[160]    Australian Maritime Officers Union, Submission 18, p. 4.

[161]    The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 13.

[162]    Australian Government Department, Submission 41, pp 3–4.

[163]    Australian Government Department, Submission 41, p. 4.

[164]    Australian Government Department, Submission 41, pp 6–7.

[165]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 25.

[166]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 25.

[167]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, pp 29–30.

[168]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 30.

[169]    Determination of International Trade Obligations Relating to Labour Market Testing [F2014L01510]; Determination of International Trade Obligations Relating to Labour Market Testing [F2015L01940].

[170]    Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Second Supplementary Submission 3, p. 5, italics original.

[171]    Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Second Supplementary Submission 3, p. 6.

[172]    Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Second Supplementary Submission 3, p. 6.

[173]    Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Second Supplementary Submission 3, pp 6–7.

[174]    Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Second Supplementary Submission 3, p. 3.

[175]    Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Second Supplementary Submission 3, pp 1–4.

[176]    Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Second Supplementary Submission 3, p. 5, italics original.

[177]    Electrical Trades Union, Submission 12, pp 13–14.

[178]    Electrical Trades Union, Submission 12, p. 14.

[179]    Mr Owen Whittle, Assistant Secretary, UnionsWA, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2015, p. 26.

[180]    The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 14.

[181]    Mr Owen Whittle, Assistant Secretary, UnionsWA, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2015, p. 26.

[182]    The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 15.

[183]    Dr Joanna Howe, Additional Information: 'Is the net cast too wide? An assessment of whether the regulatory design of the 457 visa meets Australia's skill needs', Federal Law Review, 2013, p. 16; see also Eventus, Submission 25, p. 6; Consult Australia, Submission 30, pp 6–7.

[184]    Consult Australia, Submission 30, p. 6; see also Mr John Azarias, Ms Jenny Lambert, Professor Peter McDonald and Ms Katie Malyon, Robust New Foundations: A streamlined, transparent and responsive system for the 457 programme, September 2014, pp 45–46.

[185]    Northern Territory Government, Submission 39, p. 2.

[186]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 26.

[187]    Australian Institute of Marine and Power Engineers, Submission 17, p. 6.

[188]    Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission 10, p. 13.

[189]    Migration Institute of Australia, Submission 40, p. 13; see also South Australian Wine Industry Association, Submission 5, p. 5.

[190]    Northern Territory Government, Submission 39, p. 3.

[191]    Mr Wayne Parcel, Director, Migration Institute of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 12.

[192]    The Australian Mines and Metals Association, Submission 34, p. 3.

[193]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 98.

[194]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 99.

[195]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, pp 100–101.

[196]    Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 7; see also Consult Australia, Submission 30, pp 6–7.

[197]    Northern Territory Government, Submission 39, p. 3.

[198]    Fragomen, Submission 21, p. 14.

[199]    Migration Institute of Australia, Submission 40, pp 10–11.

[200]    Migration Institute of Australia, Submission 40, p. 13.

[201]    Ms Jenny Lambert, Director, Employment, Education and Training, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 17.

[202]    Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission 10, pp 12–13.

[203]    Ai Group, Submission 33, p. 18; see also Business Council of Australia, Submission 26, p. 2; Consult Australia, Submission 30, pp 6–7.

[204]    Ernst and Young, Submission 24, p. 4.

[205]    Mrs Rita Chowdhury, Vice-Chair, Migration Law Committee, Law Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 40.

[206]    Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 22.

[207]    Ms Sarah McKinnon, Manager, Workplace Relations and Legal Affairs, National Farmers' Federation, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 35.

[208]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 97.

[209]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 97; see also Unions NSW, Submission 35, p. 3.

[210]    Northern Territory Government, Submission 39, p. 3.

[211]    Northern Territory Government, Submission 39, p. 3.

[212]    Northern Territory Government, Submission 39, p. 3.

[213]    Maritime Union of Australia, Submission 22, p. 5.

[214]    Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, p. 19.

[215]    Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, p. 19.

[216]    United Voice, Submission 19, p. 2.

[217]    Maritime Union of Australia, Submission 22, pp 5–6.

[218]    Maritime Union of Australia, Submission 22, p. 6.

[219]    Maritime Union of Australia, Submission 22, p. 6.

[220]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, pp 28–32; see also Unions NSW, Submission 35, p. 6; Australian Workers Union, Submission 44, pp 1–2.

[221]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 35.

[222]    Ms Ruth Kershaw, Research Consultant, Victorian Branch, Electrical Trades Union, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 27.

[223]    United Voice, Submission 19, pp 2–3.

[224]    Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 7.

[225]    Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 7.

[226]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 98.

[227]    Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 8.

[228]    Australian Higher Education Industrial Association, Submission 20, p. 2.

[229]    Electrical Trades Union, Submission 12, p. 4.

CHAPTER 4 - Impact of the Working Holiday Maker (417 and 462) visa program on the employment opportunities and entitlements of Australian workers

[1]        Dr Joanna Howe and Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 5.

[2]        Department of Immigration and Border Protection, What is the Working Holiday Maker program?; Migration Regulations 1994 [F2015C00584], regulations 417.611, 462.611 (by operation of mandatory visa condition 8547).

[3]        Dr Joanna Howe and Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 5.

[4]        Ms Carla Wilshire, Chief Executive Officer, Migration Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 7.

[5]        Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 42.

[6]        Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 42.

[7]        Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 43.

[8]        Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 43.

[9]        Government of Canada, International Experience Canada – travel and work in Canada, available at http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/work/iec/ (accessed 25 August 2015).

[10]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 43; Ms Gerardine Kearney, President, Australian Council of Trade Unions, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 1.

[11]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 43.

[12]      Mr David Wilden, Acting Deputy Secretary, Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 47.

[13]      Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission 10, pp 8 and 15.

[14]      Joint Standing Committee on Migration, Working Holiday Makers: More Than Tourists, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, August 1997, p. xv, in Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission 10, p. 15.

[15]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 13.

[16]      Migration Institute of Australia, Submission 40, pp 11–12.

[17]      Ms Sarah McKinnon, Manager, Workplace Relations and Legal Affairs, National Farmers' Federation, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 32.

[18]      Ms Sarah McKinnon, Manager, Workplace Relations and Legal Affairs, National Farmers' Federation, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 32.

[19]      Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 22.

[20]      Ms Sarah McKinnon, Manager, Workplace Relations and Legal Affairs, National Farmers' Federation, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 34.

[21]      Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 22.

[22]      Mr Jesse Doyle and Professor Stephen Howes, Australia's Seasonal Worker Program: Demand-side Constraints and Suggested Reforms, Discussion paper, World Bank Group and Australian National University, 2015, p. 1.

[23]      Northern Territory Government, Submission 39, p. 10.

[24]      Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 19.

[25]      Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 19.

[26]      Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 19.

[27]      Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 19.

[28]      Mr David Fairweather, Tastensee Farms, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 20.

[29]      Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 20.

[30]      Mr David Fairweather, Tastensee Farms, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 20.

[31]      Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 21.

[32]      Mrs Laura Wells, Tastensee Farms, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 21.

[33]      Mrs Laura Wells, Tastensee Farms, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 21.

[34]      Mrs Laura Wells, Tastensee Farms, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 21.

[35]      South Australian Wine Industry Association, Submission 5, p. 4.

[36]      South Australian Wine Industry Association, Submission 5, p. 4.

[37]      Mr Guy Gaeta, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 36.

[38]      Mr Justin Roach, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 37.

[39]      Mr Justin Roach, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 36.

[40]      Mrs Roma Britnell, Chair, Markets, Trade and Value Chain Policy Advisory Group, Australian Dairy Farmers Ltd, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 39.

[41]      See also Name withheld, Submission 46; Ms Lisa Chesters MP, Submission 45.

[42]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, pp 13–14.

[43]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 14.

[44]      Miss Sharra Anderson, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (South and Western Australia), Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, pp 12 and 15–17.

[45]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 14.

[46]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 21.

[47]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 14.

[48]      Mr Matthew Journeaux, Assistant Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 10.

[49]      Mr Matthew Journeaux, Assistant Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, pp 12–14.

[50]      Mr Matthew Journeaux, Assistant Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 12.

[51]      Mr Matthew Journeaux, Assistant Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 12.

[52]      Miss Sharra Anderson, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (South and Western Australia), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 15.

[53]      Mr Matthew Journeaux, Assistant Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 12.

[54]      Mrs Ann Conway, People and Performance Manager, Hazeldene's Chicken Farm, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 37.

[55]      Mrs Ann Conway, People and Performance Manager, Hazeldene's Chicken Farm, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 37; Hazeldene's, Response to submission 45, pp 1–2 and covering letter from John Hazeldene.

[56]      Mrs Ann Conway, People and Performance Manager, Hazeldene's Chicken Farm, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 38

[57]      Mrs Ann Conway, People and Performance Manager, Hazeldene's Chicken Farm, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 39–40; Hazeldene's, Response to submission 45, p. 2.

[58]      Mrs Ann Conway, People and Performance Manager, Hazeldene's Chicken Farm, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 39–40; Hazeldene's, answer to question on notice, 19 June 2015 (received 16 July 2015).

[59]      Hazeldene's, answer to question on notice, 19 June 2015 (received 16 July 2015).

[60]      Mr Grant Onley, Human Resources Manager, Baiada Poultry Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, pp 34–35.

[61]      Mr Grant Onley, Human Resources Manager, Baiada Poultry Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 38.

[62]      Mr Grant Onley, Human Resources Manager, Baiada Poultry Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, pp 34–35.

[63]      Mr Grant Onley, Human Resources Manager, Baiada Poultry Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 46.

[64]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 9.

[65]      Mr Ian McLauchlan, Branch Organiser, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 16.

[66]      Mr Ian McLauchlan, Branch Organiser, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 16.

[67]      Mr Ian McLauchlan, Branch Organiser, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 16.

[68]      Mr Ian McLauchlan, Branch Organiser, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 16.

[69]      Mr Ian McLauchlan, Branch Organiser, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, pp 16–17.

[70]      Mr Frederick Brunjes, Shed Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 17.

[71]      Mr Frederick Brunjes, Shed Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 17.

[72]      Mr Frederick Brunjes, Shed Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 17.

CHAPTER 5 - Impact of temporary visas on training and skills development

[1]        See, for example, the Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 51.

[2]        The Australian Federation of Air Pilots, Submission 15, p. 2.

[3]        Australian Institute of Marine and Power Engineers, Submission 17, pp 5–6.

[4]        Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 49.

[5]        Engineers Australia, Submission 4, p. 4.

[6]        Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, p. 12.

[7]        Ms Annie Butler, Assistant National Secretary, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 21.

[8]        Mr Nicholas Blake, Senior Industrial Officer, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 23; Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, pp 12–13.

[9]        Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, p. 13.

[10]      Ms Annie Butler, Assistant National Secretary, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 21.

[11]      Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, p. 12.

[12]      Fragomen, Submission 21, p. 22.

[13]      Fragomen, Submission 21, p. 22.

[14]      Mr Matthew Journeaux, Assistant Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 10.

[15]      Mr Matthew Journeaux, Assistant Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 10.

[16]      Mr Matthew Journeaux, Assistant Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 10; Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland Branch), Submission 52, p. 2.

[17]      Mr Matthew Journeaux, Assistant Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, pp 12–14.

[18]      Mr Matthew Journeaux, Assistant Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 10; Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland Branch), Submission 52, p. 3; Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 14.

[19]      Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland Branch), Submission 52, p. 3; Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 14.

[20]      Australian Government Department, Submission 41, p. 7.

[21]      Australian Government Department, Submission 41, p. 7.

[22]      Australian Government Department, Submission 41, p. 7.

[23]      Australian Government Department, Submission 41, p. 7.

[24]      The Australian Mines and Metals Association, Submission 34, p. 4.

[25]      The Australian Mines and Metals Association, Submission 34, p. 5.

[26]      Fragomen, Submission 21, p. 22.

[27]      Maritime Union of Australia, Submission 22, p. 7.

[28]      Mr Henry Sherrell, Policy Analyst, Migration Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 5.

[29]      Mr Henry Sherrell, Policy Analyst, Migration Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 5.

[30]      Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, p. 13; see also Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 50.

[31]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 50.

[32]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 52.

[33]      Ms Sarah McKinnon, Manager, Workplace Relations and Legal Affairs, National Farmers' Federation, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 33.

[34]      See Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 50.

[35]      See for example, Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, pp 54–55.

[36]      Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Visa Subclass 457 Integrity Review Final Report, October 2008, p. 42.

[37]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 55; see also see also Mr Ron Monaghan, General Secretary, Queensland Council of Unions, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 8; Unions NSW, Submission 35, p. 3.

[38]      Australian Institute of Marine and Power Engineers, Submission 17, p. 6.

[39]      Mr Nicholas Blake, Senior Industrial Officer, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 23–24.

[40]      Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, p. 12; Mr Nicholas Blake, Senior Industrial Officer, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 25.

[41]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 58.

[42]      Mr Henry Sherrell, Policy Analyst, Migration Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 5; Mr John Azarias, Ms Jenny Lambert, Professor Peter McDonald and Ms Katie Malyon, Robust New Foundations: A streamlined, transparent and responsive system for the 457 programme, September 2014, p. 61.

[43]      Mr Henry Sherrell, Policy Analyst, Migration Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 5.

[44]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 57; see also Mr Ron Monaghan, General Secretary, Queensland Council of Unions, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 8.

[45]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 57.

[46]      Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, p. 14; Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 57.

[47]      Ernst and Young, Submission 24, p. 6.

[48]      Ernst and Young, Submission 24, p. 7.

[49]      Ms Annie Butler, Assistant National Secretary, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 20–21; see also Mr Nicholas Blake, Senior Industrial Officer, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 20.

[50]      Ms Annie Butler, Assistant National Secretary, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 20–21; see also Mr Nicholas Blake, Senior Industrial Officer, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 20.

[51]      Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Submission 37, p. 8.

[52]      Mr Henry Sherrell, Policy Analyst, Migration Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 5.

[53]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 58.

[54]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, pp 58–59.

CHAPTER 6 - Wages, conditions, safety and entitlements of 457 visa holders

[1]        Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 18.

[2]        Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 20.

[3]        Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 33.

[4]        Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 8.

[5]        Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 8; Mr Andrew Naylor, Chairperson, Human Rights Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 23; JobWatch, Submission 36, pp 4–6; Ms Jessica Smith, Senior Solicitor, Employment Law Centre of Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2015, pp 16–17; Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 20; Maritime Union of Australia, Submission 22, p. 8.

[6]        JobWatch, Submission 36, pp 4–6.

[7]        Ms Jessica Smith, Senior Solicitor, Employment Law Centre of Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2015, pp 16–17.

[8]        Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Visa Subclass 457 Integrity Review Final Report, October 2008, p. 69.

[9]        Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Visa Subclass 457 Integrity Review Final Report, October 2008, p. 69.

[10]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 20.

[11]      Maritime Union of Australia, Submission 22, p. 8.

[12]      Maritime Union of Australia, Submission 22, p. 8.

[13]      Ms Ros McLennan, Assistant General Secretary, Queensland Council of Unions, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 5.

[14]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 10; Mr Andrew Naylor, Chairperson, Human Rights Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 23.

[15]      Dr Joanna Howe, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 58.

[16]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 10.

[17]      Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 20.

[18]      Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Visa Subclass 457 Integrity Review Final Report, October 2008, p. 49.

[19]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 11.

[20]      Dr Stephen Clibborn, Submission 11, pp 2–3.

[21]      Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 2; Australian Government Department of Employment, General Employee Entitlements and Redundancy Scheme, available at https://www.employment.gov.au/general-employee-entitlements-and-redundancy-scheme-geers

[22]      Fair Entitlements Guarantee Act 2012 (Cth), Part 2 Division 1sub-division A para 10(1)(g) Special category visa holders are New Zealanders.

[23]      Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 2.

[24]      Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 2.

[25]      Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 2.

[26]      Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 3.

[27]      Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 5.

[28]      Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 5.

[29]      Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 5.

[30]      Peter Mares, Submission 2, p. 6.

[31]      Mr Dean Keating, Vice President, Cairde Sinn Fein Australia, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2015, pp 1–2.

[32]      Eventus, Submission 25, p. 17.

[33]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 14; see also Ms Jessica Smith, Senior Solicitor, Employment Law Centre of Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2015, p. 17.

[34]      JobWatch, Submission 36, p. 9; see also Mr Andrew Naylor, Chairperson, Human Rights Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, pp 23–24.

[35]      JobWatch, Submission 36, p. 9.

[36]      JobWatch, Submission 36, p. 9.

[37]      JobWatch, Submission 36, p. 9; see also Ms Jessica Smith, Senior Solicitor, Employment Law Centre of Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2015, p. 17; Mr Andrew Naylor, Chairperson, Human Rights Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, pp 23–24.

[38]      Mr Ian Scott, Senior Lawyer, JobWatch, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 2.

[39]      Ms Jessica Smith, Senior Solicitor, Employment Law Centre of Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2015, p. 17; see also JobWatch, Submission 36, p. 8.

[40]      JobWatch, Submission 36, p. 9; Dr Laurie Berg, member, Human Rights Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 25; see also Mr Luke Geary, Managing Partner, Salvos Legal, The Salvation Army, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 30.

[41]      JobWatch, Submission 36, p. 9; see also Ms Jessica Smith, Senior Solicitor, Employment Law Centre of Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2015, p. 17; Dr Laurie Berg, member, Human Rights Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 25.

[42]      Mr Ian Scott, Senior Lawyer, JobWatch, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 2.

[43]      Mr Ian Scott, Senior Lawyer, JobWatch, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 5–6; Mr Edwin De Castro, member of the Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, pp 6–8; Mr David Curtain, Organiser, Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, pp 8–9; Mr Warren Earle, Branch Organiser, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 15; Electrical Trades Union, Submission 12, pp 11–12.

[44]      Ms Jessica Smith, Senior Solicitor, Employment Law Centre of Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2015, p. 17.

[45]      Ms Jessica Smith, Senior Solicitor, Employment Law Centre of Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2015, p. 19; Mr Ian Scott, Senior Lawyer, JobWatch, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 4.

[46]      Mr John Azarias, Ms Jenny Lambert, Professor Peter McDonald and Ms Katie Malyon, Robust New Foundations: A streamlined, transparent and responsive system for the 457 programme, An Independent Review into Integrity in the 457 Programme, September 2014, p. 85.

[47]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 13.

[48]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 13.

[49]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 13; Mr John Azarias, Ms Jenny Lambert, Professor Peter McDonald and Ms Katie Malyon, Robust New Foundations: A streamlined, transparent and responsive system for the 457 programme, An Independent Review into Integrity in the 457 Programme, September 2014, p. 87.

[50]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 14.

[51]      JobWatch, Submission 36, pp 6–8.

[52]      Employment Law Centre of Western Australia, answer to question on notice, 10 July 2015 (received 30 July 2015).

[53]      Ms Ruth Kershaw, Research Consultant, Victorian Branch, Electrical Trades Union, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 27–36; Mr Matthew Boyd, Branch Organiser, Electrical Trades Union, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 29–36.

[54]      Electrical Trades Union, Submission 12, Additional information; Ms Ruth Kershaw, Research Consultant, Victorian Branch, Electrical Trades Union, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 27–36; Mr Matthew Boyd, Branch Organiser, Electrical Trades Union, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 29–36.

[55]      Mr Edwin De Castro, member of the Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, pp 7–8.

[56]      Mr Edwin De Castro, member of the Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 8.

[57]      Mr Edwin De Castro, member of the Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 7.

[58]      Mr Edwin De Castro, member of the Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, pp 7–8.

[59]      Mr Edwin De Castro, member of the Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 7.

[60]      Mr Edwin De Castro, member of the Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 7.

[61]      Mr David Curtain, Organiser, Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 8.

[62]      Mr Edwin De Castro, member of the Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, pp 8–9.

[63]      Mr David Curtain, Organiser, Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 9.

[64]      Mrs Dely Alferaz, Registered Nurse, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 14–15.

[65]      Mrs Dely Alferaz, Registered Nurse, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 15–16; Mr Reni Ferreras, Registered Nurse, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 19.

[66]      Mr Nicholas Blake, Senior Industrial Officer, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 16 and 19; Mrs Dely Alferaz, Registered Nurse, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 15–16; Mr Reni Ferreras, Registered Nurse, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 18–19.

[67]      Mrs Dely Alferaz, Registered Nurse, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 17.

[68]      Mr Nicholas Blake, Senior Industrial Officer, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 17; Mr Reni Ferreras, Registered Nurse, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 18.

[69]      Mr Nicholas Blake, Senior Industrial Officer, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 18.

[70]      Ms Annie Butler, Assistant National Secretary, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, pp 19–20.

[71]      Ms Angela Chan, National President of the Migration Institute of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 12.

CHAPTER 7 - Wages, conditions, safety and entitlements of Working Holiday Maker (417 and 462) visa holders

[1]        Migration Institute of Australia, Submission 40, p. 11.

[2]        Migration Institute of Australia, Submission 40, p. 11; see also Dr Joanna Howe and Professor Alexander Reilly, Submission 5, p. 5; . Dr Joanna Howe, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 58.

[3]        Migration Institute of Australia, Submission 40, p. 11.

[4]        Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 44.

[5]        Joint Standing Committee on Migration, Working Holiday Makers: More Than Tourists, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, August 1997, p. xv, in Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission 10, p. 15.

[6]        Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 13.

[7]        Mr Tony Maher, Deputy Chief Executive Officer, National Farmers' Federation, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 1.

[8]        Mr Tony Maher, Deputy Chief Executive Officer, National Farmers' Federation, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 1.

[9]        Mr Tony Maher, Deputy Chief Executive Officer, National Farmers' Federation, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 1.

[10]      Mr Tony Maher, Deputy Chief Executive Officer, National Farmers' Federation, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, pp 1 and 2.

[11]      National Farmers' Federation, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 15 February 2016).

[12]      Mr David Fairweather, Tastensee Farms, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, pp 22–23; Mrs Laura Wells, Tastensee Farms, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, pp 22–23.

[13]      Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 23.

[14]      Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 19.

[15]      Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 23.

[16]      Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 19.

[17]      Mr Guy Gaeta, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 36.

[18]      Mr George Robertson, union organiser, National Union of Workers, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 17.

[19]      Ms Sherry Huang, previous worker and union organiser, National Union of Workers, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, pp 16–17.

[20]      Ms Lin Pei (Winnie) Yao, worker, National Union of Workers, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 18.

[21]      Mr George Robertson, union organiser, National Union of Workers, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, pp 18 and 27.

[22]      Ms Lin Pei (Winnie) Yao, worker, National Union of Workers, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, pp 19–20.

[23]      Ms Lin Pei (Winnie) Yao, worker, National Union of Workers, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 18; Mr George Robertson, union organiser, National Union of Workers, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 18.

[24]      Ms Sherry Huang, previous worker and union organiser, National Union of Workers, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 28.

[25]      Ms Lin Pei (Winnie) Yao, worker, National Union of Workers, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 19.

[26]      Dr Elsa Underhill, Submission 42, p. 2.

[27]      Dr Elsa Underhill, Submission 42, p. 2.

[28]      Dr Elsa Underhill, Submission 42, p. 2.

[29]      Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 19.

[30]      Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, pp 19–20.

[31]      Mr Brian Smedley, Chief Executive, South Australian Wine Industry Association, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, pp 3–4.

[32]      Caro Meldrum-Hanna and Ali Russell, 'Slaving Away: The dirty secrets behind Australia's fresh food', Four Corners, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, broadcast 4 May 2015.

[33]      Mr Warren Earle, Branch Organiser, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, pp 14–15.

[34]      Mr Warren Earle, Branch Organiser, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 15.

[35]      Mr Warren Earle, Branch Organiser, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 15.

[36]      Mr Warren Earle, Branch Organiser, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 15.

[37]      Mr Warren Earle, Branch Organiser, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 15.

[38]      Mr Chun Yat Wong, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 12; Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 13; see also Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015.

[39]      Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union, Tabled Document 3, Sydney, 26 June 2015, available at https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Education_and_Employment/temporary_work_visa/Additional_Documents; see also Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 20.

[40]      Mr Hoi Ian Tam, International Liaison Officer, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW), Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 20.

[41]      Miss Chiung-Yun Chang, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 20; Mr Hoi Ian Tam, International Liaison Officer, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW), Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 20.

[42]      Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union, Tabled Document 12, Sydney, 26 June 2015.

[43]      Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union, Tabled Document 9, Sydney, 26 June 2015.

[44]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 17.

[45]      Australian Qualifications Framework, AQF specification for the Certificate II, Second edition, January 2013, available at http://www.aqf.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/4AQF_Certificate-II.pdf

[46]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 17.

[47]      Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union, Tabled Document 2, Sydney, 26 June 2015; see also Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, pp 16–19.

[48]      Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union, Tabled Document 2, Sydney, 26 June 2015.

[49]      Miss Chiung-Yun Chang, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 18.

[50]      Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union, Tabled Document 2, Sydney, 26 June 2015.

[51]      Mr Hoi Ian Tam, International Liaison Officer, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW), Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 18.

[52]      Mr Chun Yat Wong, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 12.

[53]      Mr Hoi Ian Tam, International Liaison Officer, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW), Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 12.

[54]      Miss Chi Ying Kwan, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 12.

[55]      Mr Chun Yat Wong, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 13.

[56]      Miss Chi Ying Kwan, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 13.

[57]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 13.

[58]      Mr Chun Yat Wong, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 13.

[59]      Miss Chiung-Yun Chang, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 19.

[60]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 18.

[61]      Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union, Tabled Document 3, Sydney, 26 June 2015; see also Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, pp 17–18.

[62]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 18.

[63]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 18.

[64]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 19.

[65]      Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union, Tabled Document 7, Sydney, 26 June 2015; Mr Chun Yat Wong, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 22.

[66]      Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union, Tabled Document 8, Sydney, 26 June 2015; Mr Chun Yat Wong, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, pp 22–23; Miss Chi Ying Kwan, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, pp 22–23.

[67]      Mr Hoi Ian Tam, International Liaison Officer, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW), Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 22.

[68]      Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union, Tabled Document 6, Sydney, 26 June 2015.

[69]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 20.

[70]      Mr Ian McLauchlan, Branch Organiser, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Queensland), Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 17.

[71]      Miss Chiung-Yun Chang, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 19.

[72]      Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union, Tabled Document 9 and tabled document 12, Sydney, 26 June 2015.

[73]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 13.

[74]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 20.

[75]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 20.

[76]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 11; Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union, Tabled Document 13, Sydney, 26 June 2015.

[77]      Senator McKenzie, Proof Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, pp 14–15.

[78]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 15.

[79]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 14.

[80]      Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union, answer to question on notice, 26 June 2015 (received 30 August 2015).

[81]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 14.

[82]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 5.

[83]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 2.

[84]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 7.

[85]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 6.

[86]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 10.

[87]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 10.

[88]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 2.

[89]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 17.

[90]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 18.

[91]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, pp 18–19.

[92]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 22.

[93]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 27.

[94]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 22.

[95]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 21.

[96]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, pp 2–3.

[97]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015.

[98]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 10.

[99]      Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 9.

[100]    Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 3.

[101]    Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 27.

[102]    Baiada, Submission 57, pp 1–3; Mr Grant Onley, Human Resources Manager, Baiada Poultry Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 33.

[103]    Baiada, answer to question on notice, 20 November 2015 (received 17 December 2015).

[104]    Mr Grant Onley, Human Resources Manager, Baiada Poultry Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 43.

[105]    Baiada, answer to question on notice, 20 November 2015 (received 17 December 2015).

[106]    Mr Grant Onley, Human Resources Manager, Baiada Poultry Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 43.

[107]    Commonwealth of Australia and Baiada Poultry and Bartter Enterprises, Proactive Compliance Deed, 23 October 2015, Item J, p. 4.

[108]    Commonwealth of Australia and Baiada Poultry and Bartter Enterprises, Proactive Compliance Deed, 23 October 2015, Item L, p. 5.

[109]    Commonwealth of Australia and Baiada Poultry and Bartter Enterprises, Proactive Compliance Deed, 23 October 2015; Fair Work Ombudsman, Baiada declares 'moral and ethical' responsibility to stamp out contractors' unlawful opractices at its worksites, Media Release, 26 October 2015.

[110]    Commonwealth of Australia and Baiada Poultry and Bartter Enterprises, Proactive Compliance Deed, 23 October 2015, Item 7, p. 13.

[111]    Mr Grant Onley, Human Resources Manager, Baiada Poultry Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 43.

[112]    See Senator Deborah O'Neill, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 44.

[113]    Mr Grant Onley, Human Resources Manager, Baiada Poultry Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 44.

[114]    Mr Grant Onley, Human Resources Manager, Baiada Poultry Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 45.

[115]    Baiada, answer to question on notice, 20 November 2015 (received 17 December 2015).

[116]    Mr Grant Onley, Human Resources Manager, Baiada Poultry Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 34.

[117]    Baiada, answer to question on notice, 20 November 2015 (received 15 February 2016).

[118]    Mr Grant Onley, Human Resources Manager, Baiada Poultry Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 41.

[119]    Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 10.

[120]    Baiada, answer to question on notice from Senator Lines (received 17 December 2015).

[121]    See Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 21.

[122]    See Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 21.

[123]    See Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 21.

[124]    Mr Grant Onley, Human Resources Manager, Baiada Poultry Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 41.

CHAPTER 8 - Wages, conditions, safety and entitlements of international student visa holders

[1]        Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission 10, pp 16–17.

[2]        Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Submission 10, p. 17.

[3]        Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice, 17 July 2015 (received 11 August 2015); Mr David Wilden, Acting Deputy Secretary, Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 46.

[4]        Migration Regulations 1994 [F2015C00584], regulations 570.617, 571.614, 572.617, 573.617, 574.617, 575.617, 576.614 (by operation of visa condition 8104).

[5]        Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 15.

[6]        Unions NSW, Submission 35, pp 3–4; see also Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, pp 45–46.

[7]        Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 16.

[8]        Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 16; see also National Tertiary Education Union, Submission 7, p. 1.

[9]        Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Supplementary Submission 3, p. 2.

[10]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 17.

[11]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 17.

[12]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 18.

[13]      Dr Stephen Clibborn, Submission 11, p. 1.

[14]      Dr Stephen Clibborn, Submission 11, p. 1.

[15]      Dr Stephen Clibborn, Submission 11; The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16; Justice and International Mission Unit, Synod of Victoria and Tasmania, Uniting Church in Australia, Submission 29; Mrs Felicity Heffernan, Humanitarian Lawyer, Australian Catholic Religious Against Trafficking in Humans, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2015, p. 6.

[16]      Australian Government, The National Action Plan to Combat Human Trafficking and Slavery 2015–19, p. 2.

[17]      Ms Heather Moore, Advocacy Coordinator, The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 24; see also The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 4.

[18]      Ms Heather Moore, Advocacy Coordinator, The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 25.

[19]      The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 3.

[20]      The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 9.

[21]      The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 9.

[22]      The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 10.

[23]      The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 10.

[24]      The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 10.

[25]      Ms Heather Moore, Advocacy Coordinator, The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 28.

[26]      Ms Heather Moore, Advocacy Coordinator, The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 28; Mr Luke Geary, Managing Partner, Salvos Legal, The Salvation Army, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 28.

[27]      The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 17.

[28]      The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 8; see also Justice and International Mission Unit, Synod of Victoria and Tasmania, Uniting Church in Australia, Submission 29, pp 2 and 4–6; Mrs Felicity Heffernan, Humanitarian Lawyer, Australian Catholic Religious Against Trafficking in Humans, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2015, p. 6.

[29]      The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 8; see also Justice and International Mission Unit, Synod of Victoria and Tasmania, Uniting Church in Australia, Submission 29, pp 2 and 4–6; Mrs Felicity Heffernan, Humanitarian Lawyer, Australian Catholic Religious Against Trafficking in Humans, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2015, p. 6.

[30]      Mr David Nockels, Commander, Immigration and Customs Enforcement Branch, Investigations Division, Border Operations Group, Australian Border Force, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 42; Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice, 17 July 2015 (received 11 August 2015).

[31]      Ms Heather Moore, Advocacy Coordinator, The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 24.

[32]      The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 9.

[33]      The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 12; see also Mrs Felicity Heffernan, Humanitarian Lawyer, Australian Catholic Religious Against Trafficking in Humans, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2015, p 6.

[34]      Dr Stephen Clibborn, Submission 11, pp 1–3.

[35]      Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 2, Correspondence from the Fair Work Ombudsman to Mr Peter Harris AO, Chairman of the Productivity Commission, 24 September 2015, p. 3.

[36]      Dr Stephen Clibborn, Submission 11, p. 3.

[37]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 18, Interview with Carey Trundle, Director, Overseas Worker Team, Fair Work Ombudsman (25 February 2015).

[38]      Dr Stephen Clibborn, Submission 11, p. 3.

[39]      Mr David Wilden, Acting Deputy Secretary, Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 43.

[40]      Mr David Wilden, Acting Deputy Secretary, Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 43.

[41]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice, 17 July 2015 (received 11 August 2015).

[42]      Dr Elsa Underhill, Submission 42, p. 2.

[43]      Dr Stephen Clibborn, Submission 11, p. 3.

[44]      Dr Stephen Clibborn, Submission 11, pp 1–2; The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, pp 8–9; Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Supplementary Submission 3, p. 8.

[45]      Shop, Distributive & Allied Employees' Association, Submission 58, p. 18.

[46]      Shop, Distributive & Allied Employees' Association, Submission 58, p. 12.

[47]      Shop, Distributive & Allied Employees' Association, Submission 58, p. 12.

[48]      Shop, Distributive & Allied Employees' Association, Submission 58, p. 12.

[49]      Shop, Distributive & Allied Employees' Association, Submission 58, pp 12–13.

[50]      Shop, Distributive & Allied Employees' Association, Submission 58, p. 13.

[51]      Shop, Distributive & Allied Employees' Association, Submission 58, p. 13.

[52]      Stewart Levitt, Submission 61, p. 2.

[53]      Stewart Levitt, Submission 61, p. 2.

[54]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 6 November 2015).

[55]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 6 November 2015).

[56]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 6 November 2015); see also The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, pp 6–7.

[57]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 6 November 2015).

[58]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 35.

[59]      Shop, Distributive & Allied Employees' Association, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 30 October 2015).

[60]      Shop, Distributive & Allied Employees' Association, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 30 October 2015).

[61]      Shop, Distributive & Allied Employees' Association, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 30 October 2015).

[62]      Adele Ferguson and Klaus Toft, '7-Eleven: The price of convenience', Four Corners, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, broadcast 31 August 2015.

[63]      7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd is privately owned by Mr Russell Withers, his sister Mrs Beverley Barlow, and their spouses (7-Eleven, About Us, http://www.7eleven.com.au/about-us (accessed 25 February 2016)). See also Adele Ferguson and Sarah Danckert, 'Russ Withers resigns from 7-Eleven board, CEO Warren Wilmot also stands down', The Sydney Morning Herald, 1 October 2015, http://www.smh.com.au/business/workplace-relations/7eleven-russ-withers-resigns-from-board-ceo-warren-wilmot-also-stands-down-20150930-gjxw28.html (accessed 2 October 2015).

[64]      Mr Russell Withers, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 46.

[65]      Mr Russell Withers, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 46.

[66]      Mr Russell Withers, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 46.

[67]      Mr Russell Withers, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 46; see also 7-Eleven, Frequently asked questions, 'Investment: what ongoing costs do I need to pay as a 7-Eleven franchisee?, http://franchise.7eleven.com.au/faq.html
(accessed 1 March 2016).

[68]      Mr Russell Withers, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 46.

[69]      Professor Allan Fels, Sydney Morning Herald, video, http://www.smh.com.au/interactive/2015/7-eleven-revealed/ (accessed 2 February 2016).

[70]      7-Eleven, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 16 February 2016).

[71]      The Sydney Morning Herald, http://www.smh.com.au/interactive/2015/7-eleven-revealed/ (accessed 2 February 2016).

[72]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 6.

[73]      Mr Michael Fraser, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 15.

[74]      Mr Michael Fraser, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 17.

[75]      Mr Michael Fraser, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 17.

[76]      Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016,
pp 27 and 28, and 29–30.

[77]      Mr Russell Withers, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, pp 49 and 52.

[78]      Ms Natalie Dalbo, General Manager Operations, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 49.

[79]      See, for example, Mr Gerard Dwyer, National Secretary and Treasurer, Shop, Distributive and Allied Employees Association, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 26; Mr Michael Fraser, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 15.

[80]      Senator O'Neill, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 53.

[81]      Mr Warren Wilmot, Chief Executive Officer, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 53.

[82]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 5.

[83]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi and Mr Pranay Alawala, Submission 59, p. 1; Mr Pranay Alawala, Supplementary Submission 59.1, p. 1.

[84]      Mr Rahul Patil, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, pp 24–25; Mr Ussama Waseem, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 25; Mr Nikhil Kumar Sangareddypeta, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 25; Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Supplementary Submission 59.2, p. 1; Mr Pranay Alawala, Supplementary Submission 59.1, p. 1.

[85]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 8.

[86]      Mr Rahul Patil, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 27.

[87]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 5.

[88]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Supplementary Submission 59.2, pp 3–4.

[89]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Supplementary Submission 3, pp 9–10.

[90]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi and Mr Pranay Alawala, Submission 59, p. 5.

[91]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Supplementary Submission 59.2, pp 1–2; Mr Pranay Alawala, Supplementary Submission 59.1, pp 1–2; Mr Ussama Waseem, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 23; Mr Nikhil Kumar Sangareddypeta, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 24.

[92]      Mr Pranay Alawala, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 5.

[93]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 5.

[94]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi and Mr Pranay Alawala, Submission 59, p. 2; Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Supplementary Submission 59.2, p. 5.

[95]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi and Mr Pranay Alawala, Submission 59, p. 2; Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Supplementary Submission 59.2, p. 5.

[96]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Supplementary Submission 59.2, p. 4.

[97]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 3.

[98]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, pp 4 and 8; Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi and Mr Pranay Alawala, Submission 59, p. 2.

[99]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Supplementary Submission 59.2, p. 6.

[100]    Mr Pranay Alawala, Supplementary Submission 59.1, pp 2–3.

[101]    Mr Pranay Alawala, Supplementary Submission 59.1, pp 5 and 7.

[102]    Mr Pranay Alawala, Supplementary Submission 59.1, p. 4.

[103]    Mr Pranay Alawala, Supplementary Submission 59.1, p. 5.

[104]    Mr Ussama Waseem, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 23.

[105]    Mr Nikhil Kumar Sangareddypeta, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 24.

[106]    Mr Rahul Patil, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 24.

[107]    Mr Ussama Waseem, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 25; Mr Rahul Patil, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 25; Mr Nikhil Kumar Sangareddypeta, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 25.

[108]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 28.

[109]    Mr Michael Fraser, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 18.

[110]    Shop, Distributive and Allied Employees Association, Tabled Document 25, Melbourne, 24 September 2015.

[111]    Mr Gerard Dwyer, National Secretary and Treasurer, Shop, Distributive and Allied Employees Association, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 22.

[112]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 28.

[113]    Ms Janine Webster, Chief Counsel, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 41.

[114]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 29.

[115]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 29.

[116]    Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Supplementary Submission 59.2, p. 5.

[117]    Mr Pranay Alawala, Supplementary Submission 59.1, pp 7–8.

[118]    Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Supplementary Submission 59.2, pp 3–4; Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 11.

[119]    Mr Pranay Alawala, Supplementary Submission 59.1, p. 6.

[120]    Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Supplementary Submission 59.2, p. 4.

[121]    Mr Pranay Alawala, Supplementary Submission 59.1, pp 10–11; Mr Pranay Alawala, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 11.

[122]    Mr Pranay Alawala, Supplementary Submission 59.1, p. 8.

[123]    Mr Ussama Waseem, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 23.

[124]    Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, pp 1–2.

[125]    Mr Ussama Waseem, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 21.

[126]    Mr Michael Fraser, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 13.

[127]    Justice and International Mission Unit, Synod of Victoria and Tasmania, Uniting Church in Australia, Submission 29, p. 10.

[128]    Stewart Levitt, Submission 61, p. 3.

[129]    Mr Pranay Alawala, Supplementary Submission 59.1, p. 4.

[130]    Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 6.

[131]    Mr Russell Withers, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 47.

[132]    Mr Russell Withers, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 56.

[133]    7-Eleven, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 29 October 2015).

[134]    Mr Russell Withers, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 46.

[135]    Mr Russell Withers, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 46.

[136]    Mr Michael Smith, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 6.

[137]    Ms Natalie Dalbo, General Manager Operations, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 48; Mr Russell Withers, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 51.

[138]    Mr Russell Withers, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, pp 46 and 47.

[139]    7-Eleven, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 29 October 2015).

[140]    Ms Natalie Dalbo, General Manager Operations, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 60.

[141]    Ms Natalie Dalbo, General Manager Operations, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, pp 56 and 60.

[142]    7-Eleven, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 29 October 2015).

[143]    7-Eleven, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 29 October 2015).

[144]    Ms Natalie Dalbo, General Manager Operations, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 55.

[145]    Mr Warren Wilmot, Chief Executive Officer, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 55.

[146]    Ms Natalie Dalbo, General Manager Operations, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 55.

[147]    Mr Warren Wilmot, Chief Executive Officer, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 55.

[148]    Mr Michael Smith, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 8; Mr Robert Baily, interim Chief Executive Officer, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 8.

[149]    Mr Robert Baily, interim Chief Executive Officer, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 8.

[150]    See 7-Eleven, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 16 February 2016), https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Education_and_Employment/temporary_work_visa/Additional_Documents.

[151]    7-Eleven, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 16 February 2016).

[152]    7-Eleven, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 16 February 2016).

[153]    Mr Michael Smith, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 9.

[154]    Mr Michael Smith, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 9.

[155]    Mr Robert Baily, interim Chief Executive Officer, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, pp 8 and 10.

[156]    7-Eleven, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 16 February 2016).

[157]    Mr Michael Smith, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 11.

[158]    Mr Robert Baily, interim Chief Executive Officer, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 11.

[159]    7-Eleven, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 16 February 2016).

[160]    7-Eleven, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 16 February 2016).

[161]    7-Eleven, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 16 February 2016).

[162]    Senator O'Neill, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 36.

[163]    See Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, pp 14–21.

[164]    See Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, pp 14–21.

[165]    Senators Lines, McKenzie, O'Neill and Rice, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015,
pp 17–18.

[166]    Mr Michael Smith, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 11.

[167]    Professor David Cousins, Panel Member, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 9.

[168]    7-Eleven, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 29 October 2015).

[169]    Professor David Cousins, Panel Member, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, pp 9 and 17.

[170]    Professor David Cousins, Panel Member, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 9.

[171]    Professor David Cousins, Panel Member, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 9.

[172]    Fels Wage Fairness Panel, answer to question on notice, 20 November 2015 (received 17 December 2015).

[173]    Ms Siobhan Hennessy, Partner, Deloitte, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, pp 10–11.

[174]    Ms Siobhan Hennessy, Partner, Deloitte, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 11; Professor David Cousins, Panel Member, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 12.

[175]    See Fels Wage Fairness Panel, answer to question on notice, 20 November 2015 (received 17 December 2015), https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Education_and_Employment/temporary_work_visa/Additional_Documents

[176]    See Fels Wage Fairness Panel, answer to question on notice, 20 November 2015 (received 17 December 2015).

[177]    Fels Wage Fairness Panel, answer to question on notice, 20 November 2015 (received 17 December 2015).

[178]    Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Frequently asked questions.

[179]    Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Letter to claimant.

[180]    Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Frequently asked questions; see also Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Letter to claimant.

[181]    Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Frequently asked questions; see also Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Letter to claimant.

[182]    Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Letter to claimant.

[183]    Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Frequently asked questions; see also Independent Claims Pty Ltd, Deed of Acknowledgement and Assignment.

[184]    Ms Siobhan Hennessy, Partner, Deloitte, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 11

[185]    Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Frequently asked questions.

[186]    Fels Wage Fairness Panel, answer to question on notice, 20 November 2015 (received 17 December 2015).

[187]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 26.

[188]    Ms Siobhan Hennessy, Partner, Deloitte, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 26; Professor David Cousins, Panel Member, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 27.

[189]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016,
pp 27 and 28, and 29–30.

[190]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 30.

[191]    Dr David Cousins Panel Member, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 9.

[192]    Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi and Mr Pranay Alawala, Submission 59, p. 8; Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 3; Mr Pranay Alawala, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 11.

[193]    Mr Michael Fraser, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 16.

[194]    Mr Michael Fraser, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 16.

[195]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 30.

[196]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 31.

[197]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 31.

[198]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016,
pp 30–32.

[199]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 32.

[200]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 33.

[201]    Ms Siobhan Hennessy, Partner, Deloitte, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 34.

[202]    Ms Siobhan Hennessy, Partner, Deloitte, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 34.

[203]    Ms Siobhan Hennessy, Partner, Deloitte, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 34.

[204]    Ms Siobhan Hennessy, Partner, Deloitte, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, pp 36 and 38.

[205]    Ms Natalie Dalbo, General Manager Operations, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 59.

[206]    Ms Natalie Dalbo, General Manager Operations, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 54; Mr Warren Wilmot, Chief Executive Officer, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 54.

[207]    Franchise Council of Australia, Submission 63, p. 3.

[208]    Mr Russell Withers, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 47.

[209]    7-Eleven, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 29 October 2015).

[210]    Mr Michael Smith, Chairman, 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 6.

[211]    Franchise Council of Australia, Submission 63, p. 2.

[212]    Mr Kym De Britt, General Manager, Franchise Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 32.

[213]    Franchise Council of Australia, Submission 63, p. 2.

[214]    Mr Michael Paul, Chairman and Franchisor, Franchise Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 26.

[215]    Mr Michael Paul, Chairman and Franchisor, Franchise Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 26.

[216]    Mr Michael Paul, Chairman and Franchisor, Franchise Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 26.

[217]    Mr Michael Paul, Chairman and Franchisor, Franchise Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 26.

[218]    Franchise Council of Australia, Submission 63, p. 2; Mr Michael Paul, Chairman and Franchisor, Franchise Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 28.

[219]    Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, Franchising Code of Conduct, https://www.accc.gov.au/business/industry-codes/franchising-code-of-conduct
(accessed 2  February 2016).

[220]    Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, answer to question on notice from Senator Lines (received 15 December 2015).

[221]    Mr Sean O'Donnel, Director and Franchising Legal Professional, Franchise Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 31.

[222]    Mr Michael Paul, Chairman and Franchisor, Franchise Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 31.

[223]    Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, answer to question on notice from Senator Lines (received 15 December 2015).

[224]    Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, answer to question on notice from Senator Lines (received 15 December 2015).

[225]    Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, answer to question on notice from Senator Lines (received 15 December 2015).

[226]    Mr Michael Paul, Chairman and Franchisor, Franchise Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 26.

[227]    Dr Tess Hardy, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 January 2016).

[228]    Dr Tess Hardy, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 January 2016).

[229]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 37.

[230]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 37.

[231]    Stewart Levitt, Submission 61, p. 2.

CHAPTER 9 - Information, education, regulation and compliance

[1]        Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 1, Public hearing 18 May 2015, p. 1.

[2]        Mr Michael Campbell, Deputy Fair Work Ombudsman, Operations, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 47; Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 48.

[3]        Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 1, Public hearing 18 May 2015, pp 3–4.

[4]        Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice, 9 July 2015 (received 16 July 2015).

[5]        Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice, 9 July 2015 (received 16 July 2015).

[6]        Ms Heather Moore, Advocacy Coordinator, The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 24.

[7]        Ms Heather Moore, Advocacy Coordinator, The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 26.

[8]        Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 2, Correspondence from the Fair Work Ombudsman to Mr Peter Harris AO, Chairman of the Productivity Commission, 24 September 2015, p. 3.

[9]        Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 72.

[10]      Dr Stephen Clibborn, Submission 11, p. 4.

[11]      Shop, Distributive & Allied Employees' Association, Submission 58, pp 24–25.

[12]      Shop, Distributive & Allied Employees' Association, Submission 58, p. 25.

[13]      Shop, Distributive & Allied Employees' Association, Submission 58, p. 25.

[14]      Shop, Distributive & Allied Employees' Association, Submission 58, p. 24.

[15]      See, for example, Unions NSW, Submission 35, p. 4; Mr Nicholas Blake, Senior Industrial Officer, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 June 2015, p. 20; Justice and International Mission Unit, Synod of Victoria and Tasmania, Uniting Church in Australia, Submission 29, p. 2; Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 6 November 2015); The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 6.

[16]      Eventus, Submission 25, pp 9–10; Consult Australia, Submission 30, p. 8.

[17]      See, for example, Mrs Elizabeth Wallace, Human Resources, Compliance and Feed Purchasing, Windridge Farms, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 35.

[18]      Section 124 of the FW Act requires the FWO to prepare and publish the Fair Work Information Statement which deals, among others, with the right to freedom of association. Section 125 of the FW Act requires employers to provide this Statement to employees before they commence employment or as soon as practicable after they commenced employment.

[19]      Fair Work Information Sheet, https://www.fairwork.gov.au/employee-entitlements/national-employment-standards/fair-work-information-statement (accessed 2 February 2016).

[20]      Mr Tom O'Shea, Executive Director, Policy, Media and Communications, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 36.

[21]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 71.

[22]      Mr Michael Fraser, Submission 60, p. 17.

[23]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice, 17 July 2015 (received 14 August 2015); Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice from Senator Lines (received 15 December 2015). The visa grant letters are available on the committee's website. See Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice from Senator Lines, https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Education_and_Employment/temporary_work_visa/Additional_Documents.

[24]      Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 7; see also Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 6 November 2015); Unions NSW, Submission 35, p. 4; see also Justice and International Mission Unit, Synod of Victoria and Tasmania, Uniting Church in Australia, Submission 29, p. 2.

[25]      Mr George Robertson, union organiser, National Union of Workers, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 15.

[26]      Organisations participating in this steering group include the Fair Work Commission, Textile Clothing and Footwear Union, Adult Migrant Education Services, Fair Work Ombudsman, Job Watch, Spectrum Migrant Resource Centre, Office of Multicultural Affairs, Salvation Army, Victoria Equal Opportunity and Human Rights Commission, Footscray Community Legal Centre, Federation of Community Legal Centres, Victoria Legal Aid, Australian Council of Trade Unions and the International Organisation for Migration.

[27]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 6 November 2015); see also Ms Heather Moore, Advocacy Coordinator, The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 24; The Freedom Partnership to End Modern Slavery, The Salvation Army, Submission 16, p. 6; Justice and International Mission Unit, Synod of Victoria and Tasmania, Uniting Church in Australia, Submission 29, p. 2.

[28]      Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 6 November 2015).

[29]      Fair Work Ombudsman v Hongyun Chinese Restaurant Ltd (In Liquidation) & Ors [2013] FCCA 52, para 35 (24 April 2015) in Associate Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Submission 3, p. 6.

[30]      Eventus, Submission 25, pp 9–10; see also Mrs Elizabeth Wallace, Human Resources, Compliance and Feed Purchasing, Windridge Farms, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 35.

[31]      Consult Australia, Submission 30, p. 8.

[32]      Consult Australia, Submission 30, p. 8.

[33]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice, 17 July 2015 (received 14 August 2015).

[34]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice, 17 July 2015 (received 14 August 2015).

[35]      Mr David Wilden, Acting Deputy Secretary, Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 46; Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice, 17 July 2015 (received 14 August 2015).

[36]      Mr David Nockels, Commander, Immigration and Customs Enforcement Branch, Investigations Division, Border Operations Group, Australian Border Force, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 46.

[37]      Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 11.

[38]      Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 11.

[39]      Migration Council Australia, Submission 27, p. 12.

[40]      Department of Immigration and Border Protection, answer to question on notice, 17 July 2015 (received 14 August 2015).

[41]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 54.

[42]      Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 16 February 2016).

[43]      Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 16 February 2016).

[44]      Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 16 February 2016).

[45]      Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 1, Public hearing 18 May 2015, p. 2.

[46]      Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 1, Public hearing 18 May 2015, p. 2.

[47]      Mr Michael Campbell, Deputy Fair Work Ombudsman, Operations, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 33.

[48]      Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 1, Public hearing 18 May 2015, p. 4.

[49]      Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 1, Public hearing 18 May 2015, p. 3.

[50]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 51.

[51]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 51.

[52]      Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 18 May 2015 (received 24 June 2015).

[53]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 51.

[54]      Mr Michael Campbell, Deputy Fair Work Ombudsman, Operations, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 38; see also Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 53.

[55]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 38.

[56]      Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 18 May 2015 (received 24 June 2015).

[57]      Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 18 May 2015 (received 24 June 2015).

[58]      Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 18 May 2015 (received 24 June 2015).

[59]      Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 18 May 2015 (received 24 June 2015).

[60]      Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 1, Public hearing 18 May 2015, p. 5.

[61]      Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 20; Mr George Robertson, Union Organiser, National Union of Workers, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 24; Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 7.

[62]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, pp 34–35.

[63]      Mr Michael Campbell, Deputy Fair Work Ombudsman, Operations, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 35.

[64]      Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 14 July 2015 (received 20 August 2015).

[65]      Ms Vicki Bon, Government and Industry Relations Manager, Coles, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 29.

[66]      Ms Armineh Mardirossian, Group Manager, Corporate Responsibility, Community and Sustainability, Woolworths Limited, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 1.

[67]      Ms Armineh Mardirossian, Group Manager, Corporate Responsibility, Community and Sustainability, Woolworths Limited, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, pp 1–2.

[68]      Mr Ian Dunn, Head of Trade Relations, Woolworths Limited, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 3.

[69]      Ms Armineh Mardirossian, Group Manager, Corporate Responsibility, Community and Sustainability, Woolworths Limited, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, pp. 4 and 6.

[70]      Ms Armineh Mardirossian, Group Manager, Corporate Responsibility, Community and Sustainability, Woolworths Limited, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, pp 4–5.

[71]      Ms Andrea Currie, Policy and Brand Standards Manager, Coles, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 32.

[72]      Ms Armineh Mardirossian, Group Manager, Corporate Responsibility, Community and Sustainability, Woolworths Limited, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 10; Mr Ian Dunn, Head of Trade Relations, Woolworths Limited, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 10.

[73]      Woolworths Limited, answer to question on notice, 18 May 2015 (received 11 June 2015); see also Mr Ian Dunn, Head of Trade Relations, Woolworths Limited, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 4.

[74]      Woolworths Limited, answer to question on notice, 18 May 2015 (received 11 June 2015).

[75]      Ms Armineh Mardirossian, Group Manager, Corporate Responsibility, Community and Sustainability, Woolworths Limited, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, pp 5, 6, 7 and 11.

[76]      Ms Vicki Bon, Government and Industry Relations Manager, Coles, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 23; Ms Andrea Currie, Policy and Brand Standards Manager, Coles, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 37; Coles, answer to question on notice, 14 July 2015 (received 6 August 2015).

[77]      Ms Vicki Bon, Government and Industry Relations Manager, Coles, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 23.

[78]      Ms Andrea Currie, Policy and Brand Standards Manager, Coles, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, pp 24–25.

[79]      Mr George Robertson, Union Organiser, National Union of Workers, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 15.

[80]      Mr George Robertson, Union Organiser, National Union of Workers, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 24; National Union of Workers, answer to question on notice, 18 May 2015 (received 11 August 2015); Ms Vicki Bon, Government and Industry Relations Manager, Coles, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 27.

[81]      Coles, answer to question on notice, 14 July 2015 (received 6 August 2015); Ms Vicki Bon, Government and Industry Relations Manager, Coles, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 27; see also National Farmers' Federation, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 15 February 2016).

[82]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 64.

[83]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, pp 64–65; Ms Janine Webster, Chief Counsel, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, pp 41–43.

[84]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 64.

[85]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 65; Mr Michael Campbell, Deputy Fair Work Ombudsman, Operations, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 66.

[86]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 65.

[87]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 65.

[88]      Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015) (emphasis original).

[89]      Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[90]      Mr Michael Campbell, Deputy Fair Work Ombudsman, Operations, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 67.

[91]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 68.

[92]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 68.

[93]      Mr Michael Campbell, Deputy Fair Work Ombudsman, Operations, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 68

[94]      Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 69.

[95]      Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 16 February 2016).

[96]      Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 16 February 2016).

[97]      Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 5 February 2016 (received 16 February 2016).

[98]      Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 1, Public hearing 18 May 2015, p. 2.

[99]      Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 1, Public hearing 18 May 2015, p. 1; Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 52.

[100]    Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 1, Public hearing 18 May 2015, p. 3.

[101]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 14 July 2015 (received 20 August 2015).

[102]    Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 71.

[103]    Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 2, 24 September 2015, letter to Mr Peter Harris AO, Chairman, Productivity Commission, 18 September 2015, p. 6.

[104]    Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, pp 64 and 66.

[105]    Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 69.

[106]    Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 29.

[107]    Ms Janine Webster, Chief Counsel, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, pp 41–43.

[108]    Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Supplementary Submission 59.2, p. 6; Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 6; Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 70.

[109]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[110]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[111]    Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 50; Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015); Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 14 July 2015 (received 20 August 2015).

[112]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[113]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[114]    Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 66; Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[115]    Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 50.

[116]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[117]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[118]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[119]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[120]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[121]    Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 2, 24 September 2015, letter to Mr Peter Harris AO, Chairman, Productivity Commission, 18 September 2015, p. 5.

[122]    Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 2, 24 September 2015, letter to Mr Peter Harris AO, Chairman, Productivity Commission, 18 September 2015, p. 5.

[123]    Ms Donna Mogg, Commercial Services Manager, Growcom, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 20.

[124]    Shop, Distributive & Allied Employees' Association, Submission 58, pp 29–30.

[125]    Eventus, Submission 25, p. 18.

[126]    Eventus, Submission 25, p. 18.

[127]    Ai Group, Submission 33, p. 23.

[128]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, pp 2 and 3; Dr Tess Hardy, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 40.

[129]    David Weil in Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, p. 8.

[130]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, pp 5 and 6.

[131]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, pp 7 and 8.

[132]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, p. 19.

[133]    Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 2, 24 September 2015, letter to Mr Peter Harris AO, Chairman, Productivity Commission, 18 September 2015, p. 4.

[134]    Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 2, 24 September 2015, letter to Mr Peter Harris AO, Chairman, Productivity Commission, 18 September 2015, pp 4–6.

[135]    Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 2, 24 September 2015, letter to Mr Peter Harris AO, Chairman, Productivity Commission, 18 September 2015, pp 4–5.

[136]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 14 July 2015 (received 20 August 2015).

[137]    Fair Work Ombudsman, Tabled document No. 2, 24 September 2015, letter to Mr Peter Harris AO, Chairman, Productivity Commission, 18 September 2015, p. 5.

[138]    Mr Mohamed Rashid Ullat Thodi, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, pp 6 and 8.

[139]    Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 35.

[140]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[141]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[142]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015); see also Mr Michael Campbell, Deputy Fair Work Ombudsman, Operations, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 35.

[143]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[144]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[145]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[146]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015); Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, pp 11–12.

[147]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015); see also Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, p. 12.

[148]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[149]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[150]    Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 65.

[151]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[152]    Mr Michael Paul, Chairman and Franchisor, Franchise Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 November 2015, p. 26.

[153]    Professor Allan Fels, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 37.

[154]    Professor David Cousins, Panel Member, Fels Wage Fairness Panel, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 38.

[155]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, p. 9.

[156]    Fair Work Act 2009, s. 357(1), emphasis original.

[157]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[158]    Fair Work Act 2009, s. 358.

[159]    Fair Work Act 2009, s. 359.

[160]    Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 29.

[161]    Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 29.

[162]    Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 29.

[163]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to written question on notice following public hearing on 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[164]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, p. 11.

[165]    Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 37.

[166]    Fair Work Act 2009, s. 550, emphasis original.

[167]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015) (emphasis original); Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 65.

[168]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[169]    Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 65.

[170]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 24 September 2015 (received 18 November 2015).

[171]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, p. 9.

[172]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, p. 9; see also Dr Tess Hardy, answer to written question on notice following a public hearing on 24 September 2015 (received 18 January 2016); Dr Tess Hardy, Committee Hansard, 24 September 2015, p. 44.

[173]    Fair Work Ombudsman, A report on the Fair Work Ombudsman's Inquiry into the labour procurement arrangements of the Baiada Group in New South Wales, Commonwealth of Australia, June 2015, p. 28.

[174]    Dr Tess Hardy, answer to written question on notice following a public hearing on 24 September 2015 (received 18 January 2016).

[175]    Fair Work Ombudsman, answer to question on notice, 14 July 2015 (received 8 August 2015).

[176]    Dr Tess Hardy, answer to written question on notice following a public hearing on 24 September 2015 (received 18 January 2016).

[177]    Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 43.

[178]    Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, p. 43.

[179]    Ms Natalie James, Fair Work Ombudsman, Committee Hansard, 5 February 2016, pp 43–44.

[180]    Dr Tess Hardy, answer to written question on notice following a public hearing on 24 September 2015 (received 18 January 2016).

[181]    Dr Tess Hardy, answer to written question on notice following a public hearing on 24 September 2015 (received 18 January 2016).

[182]    Dr Tess Hardy, answer to written question on notice following a public hearing on 24 September 2015 (received 18 January 2016).

[183]    Dr Tess Hardy, answer to written question on notice following a public hearing on 24 September 2015 (received 18 January 2016).

[184]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, p. 19.

[185]    Dr Tess Hardy, answer to written question on notice following a public hearing on 24 September 2015 (received 18 January 2016).

[186]    Dr Joanna Howe, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 59.

[187]    Dr Joanna Howe, Committee Hansard, 14 July 2015, p. 59.

[188]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 48, p. 44; Mr Ron Monaghan, General Secretary, Queensland Council of Unions, Committee Hansard, 12 June 2015, p. 3; National Union of Workers, Submission 38, p. 4.

[189]    Mr George Robertson, union organiser, National Union of Workers, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 15.

[190]    Mr George Robertson, union organiser, National Union of Workers, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, pp 15–16.

[191]    Dr Elsa Underhill, Submission 42, p. 2.

[192]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, p. 20.

[193]    United Kingdom government, Gangmasters Licensing Authority, https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/gangmasters-licensing-authority

[194]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, p. 20; Dr Tess Hardy, answer to written question on notice following a public hearing on 24 September 2015 (received 18 January 2016).

[195]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, p. 20.

[196]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, pp 20–21.

[197]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, p. 21.

[198]    Mr Michael Campbell, Deputy Fair Work Ombudsman, Operations, Committee Hansard, 18 May 2015, p. 37.

[199]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, p. 16.

[200]    Mr Grant Courtney, Branch Secretary, Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union (Newcastle and Northern NSW) Committee Hansard, 26 June 2015, p. 15.

[201]    Australian Council of Trade Unions, answer to written question on notice from Senator Lines (received 17 August 2015).

[202]    Mr Stewart Levitt, Submission 61, p. 2.

[203]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, p. 18.

[204]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, p. 18.

[205]    Dr Tess Hardy, Submission 62, pp 18–19.

[206]    Human Rights Council of Australia, Submission 43, p. 2; Mr Andrew Naylor, Chairperson, Human Rights Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 23.

[207]    Mr Andrew Naylor, Chairperson, Human Rights Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, pp 24–25.

[208]    Ms Angela Chan, National President of the Migration Institute of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 July 2015, p. 11.

[209]    Dr Joanna Howe and Professor Alexander Reilly, 'Meeting Australia's labour needs: The case for a new low-skill work visa', Federal Law Review (forthcoming), 43(2), p. 25; International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, Adopted by General Assembly resolution 45/158 of 18 December 1990, Article 3 (e).

Coalition Senators' Additional Comments

[1] Senator the Hon Michaelia Cash, Minister for Employment, Minister for Women, and Minister Assisting the Prime Minister for the Public Service, 'Ministerial Working Group to help protect vulnerable foreign workers', Media Release, 15 October 2015, https://ministers.employment.gov.au/cash/ministerial-working-group-help-protect-vulnerable-foreign-workers