Footnotes

Interim Report - Attachment 1

[1]        OECD and Eurostat, Oslo Manual: Guidelines for Collecting and Interpreting Innovation Data, 3rd edition, 2005, p. 46.

[2]        Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Submission 36, p. 4.

[3]        Engineers Australia, Submission 46, p. 4.

[4]        Department of Industry, Submission 110, p. 5; Engineers Australia, Submission 46, p. 10; Ernst & Young, Submission 52, pp 2–3; Community and Public Sector Union and the CSIRO Staff Association, Submission 159, p. 5.

[5]        Productivity Commission, Annual Report 2007–08, 2008, p. 1.

[6]        Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Innovation and Growth – Rationale for an Innovation Strategy; cited in Ernst & Young, Submission 52, p. 3.

[7]        Professionals Australia, Submission 117, p. 4. See also Engineers Australia, Submission 46, p. 3.

[8]        Mr Craig Roy, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Committee Hansard, 27 July 2015, p. 1.

[9]        Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Submission 36, p. 4.

[10]      Innovation Australia, Submission 157, p. 2.

[11]      Productivity Commission, Public Support for Science and Innovation, Research Report, 2007, p. 110.

[12]      Business Council of Australia, Submission 175, p. 3.

[13]      Professor Ed Byrne AC, Monash University, Submission 1, p. 1; Engineers Australia, Submission 46, p. 4.

[14]      Community and Public Sector Union and the CSIRO Staff Association, Submission 159, p. 5.

[15]      Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, Submission 96, p. 2.

[16]      Department of Industry, Submission 110, p. 6.

[17]      Community and Public Sector Union and the CSIRO Staff Association, Submission 159, p. 41.

[18]      Chief Scientist for Australia, Submission 20, p. 1; Engineers Australia, Submission 46, p. 7.

[19]      Chief Scientist for Australia, Submission 20, p. 2. Professional Australia made a similar point—it noted that the figure for New Zealand is 20 per cent. Submission 117, p. 4.

[20]      Cutler & Company, Review of the National Innovation System, 2008.

[21]      Community and Public Sector Union and the CSIRO Staff Association, Submission 159, p. 41.

[22]      Chief Scientist for Australia, Submission 20, p. 1; Mr Nick Wong, Submission 3, p. 1. Engineers Australia, Submission 46, p. 8. The Department of Industry noted that 70 per cent of innovation investment was directed to incremental innovation with 30 per cent directed to radical innovation. While radical innovation generally entails greater risks, the rewards to business and the economy are also generally far more significant. Department of Industry, Submission 110, p. 5.

[23]      Chief Scientist for Australia, Submission 20, p. 2. See also Department of Industry, Submission 110, p. 18.

[24]      Chief Scientist for Australia, Submission 20, p. 2 Keech Australia, Submission 17,  p. 2.  Australian Council of Trade Unions, Submission 45, p. 5.

[25]      Professor Rachel Parker, Queensland University of Technology Business School, Committee Hansard, 27 July 2015, p. 28; Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, Submission 96, p. 2; Professor Edward Byrne AC, Submission 1, p. 1; Queensland University of Technology, Submission 58, p. 4.

[26]      Australian Bureau of Statistics, 'Innovation in Australian Business 2012–13, cat. No. 8158.0.

[27]      Chief Scientist for Australia, Submission 20, p. 2; Engineers Australia, Submission 46, p. 7.

[28]      Cornell University, INSEAD and WIPO, The Global Innovation Index 2014: The Human Factor in Innovation, Country Profile – Australia, 2014, p. 145.

[29]      Professor Stuart Cunningham, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Creative Industries and Innovation, Committee Hansard, 27 July 2015, p. 35; Mr Rod Glover, Committee Hansard, 3 August 2015, p. 29. Australian Design Alliance, Submission 180, p. 2.  The Global Innovation Index identified cultural and creative services exports as a weak variable, ranking the country 52^nd in relation to this indicator. Cornell University, INSEAD and WIPO, The Global Innovation Index 2014: The Human Factor in Innovation, Country Profile – Australia, 2014, p. 22.

Summary - Inquiry terms of reference

[1] UTS Adjunct Professor John H Howard assisted with research for this issues paper.

[2] ABS http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/8165.0Jun%202010%20to%20Jun%202014?OpenDocument

[3] http://www.businessinsider.com.au/its-been-a-massive-year-for-venture-capital-in-australia-heres-what-happened-2014-11