Footnotes
Chapter 1
[1]
The Senate, Journals of the Senate, 12 December 2013, pp 364–365.
[2]
The Senate, Journals of the Senate, 12 February 2013, p. 444.
[3]
Plant Health Australia, Asian Honey Bee Fact Sheet, p. 1.
[4]
European honey bee, http://www.daff.qld.gov.au/animal-industries/bees/diseases-and-pests/asian-honey-bees/identifying-asian-honey-bees/european-honey-bee,
(accessed 2 June 2014).
[5]
Which Native Bees are in Your Area?, http://www.aussiebee.com.au/beesinyourarea.html,
(accessed 2 June 2014).
[6]
How to identify a bumblebee, http://www.aussiebee.com.au/bumblebeeid.html,
(accessed 2 June 2014).
[7]
House of Representatives Standing Committee on Agriculture, Fisheries
and Forestry, Skills: Rural Australia's Need, February 2007, p. 149.
[8]
House of Representatives, Votes and Proceedings, No. 27, 16 June
2008, p. 374.
[9]
House of Representatives Standing Committee on Primary Industries and
Resources, More than Honey: the future of the Australian honey bee and
pollination industries, May 2008,
pp xvii–xxii.
[10]
Mr Stephen Targett, Submission 19, p. 11; Mr David & Mrs Wendy
Mumford, Submission 30, p. 5; Capilano Honey, Submission 39, p.
7; Beechworth Honey Group, Submission 52, p. 14.
[11]
Government Response, House of Representatives Standing Committee on
Primary Industries and Resources, More than Honey: the future of the
Australian honey bee and pollination industries, August 2009.
[12]
Dr Doug Somerville, answer to question on notice, 15 March 2014,
(received 14 May 2014).
[13]
Government Response, House of Representatives Standing Committee on
Primary Industries and Resources, More than Honey: the future of the
Australian honey bee and pollination industries, August 2009.
[14]
Senate Rural Affairs and Transport References Committee, Interim
Report: Science underpinning to inability to eradicate the Asian honey bee,
April 2011.
[15]
Government Response, Senate Rural Affairs and Transport References
Committee, Interim Report: Science underpinning to inability to eradicate
the Asian honey bee, April 2011, pp 1, 17.
Chapter 2 - Background and current challenges
[1]
NSW Apiarists' Association, Submission 58, pp 5–8; Rural
Industries Research and Development Corporation, Submission 11, p. 1;
Capilano Honey Limited, Submission 39, p. 3; CSIRO, Submission 48, pp
5–6; Crop Pollination Association Inc., Submission 14, pp 2–3.
[2]
Mr Rod Yates, Submission 12, p. 7; Victorian Apiarists'
Association Inc., Submission 40, p. 7; Mr Gary Montgomery, Submission
43, p. 3; Beechworth Honey Group, Submission 52, p. 2.
[3]
United Nations Committee on World Food Security, http://www.fao.org/cfs/cfs-home/en/,
(accessed 27 March 2014).
[4]
The Prime Minister's Science, Engineering and Innovation Council, Australia
and Food Security in a Changing World, 2010, p. 1.
[5]
The plant pollination process, http://www.buzzaboutbees.net/plant-pollination-process.html,
(accessed 2 June 2014).
[6]
United Nations Environment Programme, Global Honey Bee Colony Disorders
and other Threats to Insect Pollinators, 2010, pp 1–2.
[7]
CSIRO, Submission 48, p. 6.
[8]
United Nations Environment Programme, Global Honey Bee Colony
Disorders and other Threats to Insect Pollinators, 2010, p. 1.
[9]
CSIRO, Submission 48, p. 5.
[10]
Crop Pollination Association Inc., Submission 14, p. 3.
[11]
US AID Capacity to Improve Agriculture and Food Security, The world
market for honey, September 2012, pp 1–2, http://www.fintrac.com/cpanelx_pu/Ethiopia%20CIAFS/12_06_4949_CIAFS%20_1%20Honey%20Final%20Oct%2011.pdf,
(accessed 31 March 2014).
[12]
United Nations Environment Programme, Global Honey Bee Colony Disorders
and other Threats to Insect Pollinators, 2010, p. 2.
[13]
M. A. Aizen and L. D. Harder, Current Biology 19, 9 June 2009, pp
915–918.
[14]
Department of Agriculture, Submission 79, pp 1–2.
[15]
Department of Agriculture, Submission 79, p. 2.
[16]
House of
Representatives Standing Committee on Primary Industries and Resources, More
than Honey: the future of the Australian honey bee and pollination industries, May
2008, p. 1.
[17]
Department of Agriculture, Submission 79, p. 4.
[18]
Dr Benjamin McKee, Committee Hansard, 20 May 2014, p. 48;
Australian Honey bee Industry Council Inc., Submission 63, p. 4; NSW
Apiarists' Association, Submission 58, pp 5–8; Mr Warren Jones,
Jones's Honey Comb Australia, Submission 45, p. 1.
[19]
CropLife Australia, Submission 54, p. 1.
[20]
CSIRO, Submission 48, p. 5.
[21]
Australian Food and Grocery Council, Submission 51, p. 4; Wheen Bee
Foundation Ltd, Submission 65, p. 9.
[22]
Australian Food and Grocery Council, Submission 51, p. 4.
[23]
Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation, Pollination
Aware: The Real Value of Pollination in Australia, August 2010, p. vii.
[24]
White House blog, online:
http://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2014/06/20/new-steps-protect-pollinators-critical-contributors-our-nation-s-economy.
[25]
Agriculture is a general term to refer to the deliberate cultivation of crops
as well as animal farming, usually on extensive pieces of land on a large scale.
Horticulture refers to plant cultivation only, and apiculture is a technical
term for beekeeping.
[26]
NSW Apiarists' Association, Submission 58, p. 19.
[27]
Department of Agriculture, The
National Registration Scheme, http://www.daff.gov.au/agriculture-food/ag-vet-chemicals/regulation,
(accessed 27 May 2014).
[28] Australasian
Legal Information Institute, Agricultural and Veterinary
Chemicals Code Act 1994, http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/aavcca1994382/sch1.html,
(accessed
3 April 2014).
[29]
Department of Health Western Australia, A guide to the use of
pesticides in Western Australia, 2010, p. 10.
[30] Crop Pollination Association Inc
(Vic), Submission 14, p. 5; Mr Warren Jones, Submission 45,
p. 1; Victorian Apiarists' Association Inc, Submission 40, p. 4.
[31] Neonicotinoid pesticides are a class of
relatively new, neuro-active insecticides chemically similar to nicotine which
affect the central nervous system of insects, which can result in paralysis and
death.
[32] The Xerces Society for
Invertebrate Conservation, Are Neonicotinoids Killing Bees?, 2012,
p. 3.
[33]
AUSVEG,
Submission 74, p. 5.
[34]
AUSVEG,
Submission 74, p. 5.
[35] Tasmanian Farmers & Graziers
Association, Submission 70, p. 6.
[36] Ms Manu Saunders, Submission 3,
p. 3.
[37] Crop Pollination Association Inc
(Vic), Submission 14, p. 4.
[38] European Union, European
Commission Press Release: Bees & Pesticides: Commission to proceed
with plan to better protect bees, http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-13-379_en.htm?locale=en, (accessed 20 January 2014).
[39] Center for Food Safety, Press
Release: CFS, Beekeepers and Public Interest Groups Sue EPA Over Bee-Toxic
Pesticides, http://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/press-releases/1911/cfs-beekeepers-and-public-interest-groups-sue-epa-over-bee-toxic-pesticides, (accessed 3 March 2014).
[40] The Guardian, US
government sued over use of pesticides linked to bee harm, http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/mar/22/us-government-sued-pesticides-bee-harm, (accessed 4 June 2014).
[41]
APVMA, Overview Report: Neonicotinoids and the Health of Honey Bees in
Australia, February 2014, pp 2–3.
[42]
Beechworth Honey
Group, Submission 52, p. 8; Wheen Bee Foundation Ltd, Submission
65, p. 4; and Mr Dave Elson, Submission 76, p. 6.
[43]
APVMA, Overview Report: Neonicotinoids and the Health of Honey Bees in
Australia, February 2014, pp 62–63.
[44]
Queensland Government Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Agricultural
chemical users' manual, p. 50.
[45] APVMA, Operating
principles in relation to spray drift risk, July 2008, p. 4.
[46] Queensland
Government Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Agricultural
chemical users' manual, p. 56.
[47]
NSW Apiarists' Association, Submission 58, p. 19.
[48]
Mr
Terry Brown, Submission 57, p. 2.
[49]
Mr
Warren Jones, Submission 45, p. 1.
[50]
Mr
Stephen Targett, Submission 19, p. 8.
[51]
Mr
Stephen Targett, Submission 19, p. 9.
[52] Mr David and Ms Wendy Mumford, Submission
30, p. 3.
[53] Mr Trevor Monson, Committee
Hansard, 15 April 2014, p. 49.
[54] Department of Agriculture, Submission
79, p. 17.
[55] Department of Agriculture, Submission
79, p. 17.
[56] Dr Doug Somerville, Submission
28, p. 1; Mr Robert Johnstone, Submission
36, p. 3;
Capilano Honey Ltd, Submission 39, p. 5; Central Victorian Apiarists
Association Inc, Submission 53, p. 3; NSW Apiarists’ Association, Submission
58, p. 12; Wheen Bee Foundation Ltd, Submission 65, p. 4; National
Farmers' Federation, Submission 66, p. 6; Mr Kevin MacGibbon, Submission
69, p. 3; and Mr Dave Elson, Submission 76, p. 4.
[57] Mr Benjamin Hooper, Committee
Hansard, 15 April 2014, p. 1.
[58] Mr Ian Zadow, AHBIC, Committee
Hansard, 15 April 2014, pp 32–33.
[59] Mr Dan Heard, Submission 9,
p. 1.
[60]
House of
Representatives Standing Committee on Primary Industries and Resources, More
than Honey: the future of the Australian honey bee and pollination industries, May
2008, p. xviii.
[61]
Department of Agriculture, Submission 79, p. 17.
[62] Mr Jonathan Williams, Submission 33, p. 1; Capilano Honey Ltd, Submission
39, p. 4; Victorian Apiarists' Association
Inc, Submission 40, p. 4; Central Victorian Apiarists
Association Inc, Submission 53, p. 5.
[63] Capilano Honey Ltd, Submission 39, p. 4; Central
Victorian Apiarists Association Inc, Submission 53, p. 5; Wheen Bee
Foundation Ltd, Submission 65, p .13; and Mr Moss MacGibbon and Mr
Andrew McCallum, Submission 67, p. 3.
[64] Capilano Honey Ltd, Submission 39, p. 4.
[65] Crop Pollination Association Inc
(Vic), Submission 14, p. 5.
[66] Mr Jonathon Williams, Submission
33, p. 1; Mr NJ & KD Fewster, Submission 46, p. 5; Wheen Bee
Foundation Ltd, Submission 65, p .4; VVA Inc, Submission 4, p. 4;
VVA Inc, Submission
4, p. 4; and VFF
State Beekeeping Branch, Submission 75, p. 5.
[67] VFF State Beekeeping
Branch, Submission 75, p. 5.
[68] Department of Agriculture, Submission
79, p. 17.
[69] The Forest Practices Code
defines clear felling as ‘felling of all or nearly all the trees from a
specific area in one operation'.
[70] Victorian Apiarists’
Association Inc, Submission 40, p. 33.
[71] Mr NJ & KD Fewster, Submission
46, p. 5; Central Victorian Apiarists Association Inc, Submission 53,
p. 4; Wheen Bee Foundation Ltd, Submission 65, p. 13; Mr Moss MacGibbon
and Mr Andrew McCallum, Submission 67, p. 3; and VFF State Beekeeping
Branch, Submission 75, p. 4.
[72] Victorian Apiarists' Association
Inc, Submission 40, p. 5.
[73] AHBIC, Submission 63,
p. 8; Apple and Pear
Australia Limited, Submission 24, p. 3; Mr Gary Montgomery, Submission
43, p. 3; NSW Apiarists’ Association, Submission 58, p. 4;
Beechworth Honey Group, Submission 52, p. 6; Mr Warren Jones, Submission
45, p. 5.
[74] Australian Honey Bee
Industry Council Inc, Submission 63, p. 8.
[75] Superbee Honey Factory, Submission
6, p. 1.
[76] Capilano Honey Ltd, Submission
39, p. 5.
[77] NSW Apiarists’ Association, Submission
58, p. 4.
[78] Department of Industry, My
Skills, http://www.myskills.gov.au/courses/details?Code=AHC32010, (accessed 19 May 2014).
[79] Wheen Bee Foundation Ltd, Submission
65, p. 12; NSW
Apiarists Association, Submission 68,
p. 16.
[80] Wheen Bee Foundation Ltd, Submission
65, p. 4; Mr Gary Montgomery Submission 43, p. 3.
[81]
House of
Representatives Standing Committee on Primary Industries and Resources, More
than Honey: the future of the Australian honey bee and pollination industries, May
2008,
pp 180–201.
[82] Mr David and Mrs Wendy
Mumford, Submission 30, p. 3; Victorian
Apiarists' Association Inc Melbourne Section, Submission 61, p. 10; Lucerne Australia, Submission
13, p. 2;
Mr Leo Kuter, Submission 26, p. 3; South
Australian Apiarists' Association Inc, Submission 4, p. 2; Mr David
Severino, Submission 59, p. 5.
[83] Mr Leo Kuter, Submission
26, p. 3.
[84] Mr David Severino, Submission
59, p. 5.
[85] Mr Ken and Mr Mike Spurge, Submission
68, p. 3.
[86]
AHBIC, Our Relationships, http://honeybee.org.au/organisation/our-relationships/,
(accessed 29 May 2014).
[87]
Department of Agriculture, Honey Levy Information, http://www.daff.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/183379/information-honey-levy.pdf,
(accessed 3 June 2014).
[88] Mr Stephen Targett, Submission
19, p. 4; Mr NJ & KD Fewster, Submission 46, p. 8; Australian
Food and Grocery Council, Submission 51, p. 5; Beechworth Honey Group, Submission
52, p. 7; Mr Rod Yates Submission 12, p. 7; Mr Kevin J MacGibbon, Submission
69, p. 3; AHBIC, Submission 63, p. 21; Wheen Bee Foundation Ltd, Submission
65, p. 3.
[89]
Department of Agriculture, Honey Levy Information, http://www.daff.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/183379/information-honey-levy.pdf,
(accessed 3 June 2014).
[90]
AHBIC, Honey Levy Reform and Increase, http://honeybee.org.au/programs/honey-levy-reform-and-increase/,
(accessed 21 May 2014).
[91]
Dr Maxwell Whitten, Committee Hansard, 20 May 2014, p. 20.
[92]
Dr Maxwell Whitten, Committee Hansard, 20 May 2014, pp 20– 21.
[93]
Dr Doug Somerville, Submission 28, p. 6.
[94]
Wheen Bee Foundation
Ltd, Submission 65, p. 6; Beechworth Honey Group, Submission 52,
p. 25; Dr Doug Somerville, Submission 28, p. 6; Mr Moss MacGibbon
and Mr Andrew McCallum, Submission
67, p. 3.
[95]
Government Response, House of Representatives Standing Committee on
Primary Industries and Resources, More than Honey: the future of the
Australian honey bee and pollination industries, August 2009, p. 4.
[96]
Government Response, House of Representatives Standing Committee on
Primary Industries and Resources, More than Honey: the future of the
Australian honey bee and pollination industries, August 2009, p. 5.
[97]
Mr Trevor Weatherhead, Committee Hansard, 20 May 2014, p. 33.
[98]
Ministry for Primary Industries, Apiculture Report for 2013,
December 2013, pp 3–5.
Chapter 3 - Biosecurity issues
[1]
Department of Agriculture, Import risk analysis handbook, 2011,
p. 8.
[2]
Department of Agriculture, Import risk analysis handbook, 2011,
p. 6.
[3]
Department of Agriculture, About our biosecurity system, http://www.daff.gov.au/bsg/system, (accessed 3 June 2014).
[4]
Plant Health Australia, Asian Honey Bee Fact Sheet, p. 1.
[5]
When there is limited nectar available in the environment, such as
during a drought or winter months, bees will rob other beehives of their honey
supplies.
[6]
Senate Rural Affairs and Transport References Committee, Science
underpinning to inability to eradicate the Asian honey bee, June 2011, p.
85.
[7]
Senate Rural Affairs and Transport References Committee, Science
underpinning to inability to eradicate the Asian honey bee, June 2011, pp
85–86.
[8]
Department of Agriculture, Review of the National Sentinel Hive
Program, http://www.daff.gov.au/animal-plant-health/pests-diseases-weeds/animal/varroa-mite/sentinel-hive-program-review,
(accessed 5 June 2014).
[9]
Plant Health Australia, National Bee Pest Surveillance Program, http://nbpsp.planthealthaustralia.com.au/public.php?page=aboutnbpsp,
(accessed
16 January 2014).
[10]
Queensland Government Department of Employment, Economic Development and
Innovation, Asian Honey Bee Incursion 2007 – 2012, October 2010, p. 2.
[11]
Plant Health Australia, National Plant Biosecurity Status Report 2012,
p. 148.
[12]
Queensland Government, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Asian
honey bee restricted area, http://www.daff.qld.gov.au/animal-industries/bees/diseases-and-pests/asian-honey-bees/restricted-area-and-movement-restrictions-for-beekeepers,
May 2013, (accessed
7 April 2014).
[13] Mr Moss MacGibbon and Mr Andrew
McCallum, Submission 67, p. 5; Mr Roland S. Inman, Submission 20,
p. 1; Mr Chris Berkeley, Submission 25, p. 1; Mr Gary Montgomery, Submission
43, p. 3.
[14]
Mr Peter Warhurst, Submission 18, pp 1–2; See also Beechworth Honey Group, Submission
52, pp 25–26.
[15]
Mr Kevin MacGibbon, Submission
69, p. 3;
[16]
Wheen Bee Foundation
Ltd, Submission 65, p. 6; Mr Moss MacGibbon and Mr Andrew McCallum, Submission
67, p. 3.
[17]
House of Representatives Standing Committee on Primary Industries and
Resources, More than Honey: the future of the Australian honey bee and
pollination industries, May 2008, p. xviii.
[18]
Department of Agriculture, Submission 79, p. 18.
[19]
Department of Agriculture, Submission 79, p. 18.
[20]
CSIRO, Submission 41, pp 6–7.
[21]
Department of Agriculture, Varroa mite, http://www.daff.gov.au/animal-plant-health/pests-diseases-weeds/animal/varroa-mite/,
(accessed 8 January 2014).
[22]
Department of Agriculture, Varroa mite, http://www.daff.gov.au/animal-plant-health/pests-diseases-weeds/animal/varroa-mite/,
(accessed 28 January 2014).
[23] Department of Agriculture, A honey bee industry and
pollination continuity strategy should Varroa become established in Australia, May 2011, p. iii.
[24] CSIRO, Submission 33 to the House of
Representatives Standing Committee on Primary Industries and Resources Inquiry
into the Future Development of the Australian Honey Bee Industry, p. 9.
[25]
Dr Doug Somerville, Committee Hansard, 15 April 2014, pp 55–56.
[26]
University of Florida, Featured Creatures, http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/misc/bees/varroa_mite.htm,
(accessed 5 June 2014).
[27] Department of Agriculture,
Fisheries and Forestry, A
honey bee industry and pollination continuity strategy should Varroa become
established in Australia, May
2011, p. iii.
[28] Victorian Apiarists’
Association, Submission 71to the House of Representatives Standing
Committee on Primary Industries and Resources Inquiry into the Future
Development of the Australian Honey Bee Industry, p. 27.
[29]
Plant Health Australia, Pest Categorisation, http://www.planthealthaustralia.com.au/biosecurity/emergency-plant-pests/pest-categorisation/,
(accessed 5 June 2014).
[30]
Department of
Agriculture, Answers to Question on Notice, p. 5.
[31] RIRDC,
Submission
54 to the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Primary
Industries and Resources Inquiry into the Future Development of the Australian
Honey Bee Industry, p. 16.
[32]
RIRDC, Valuing honey bee pollination, June 2003, p. iii.
[33]
Department of Agriculture, A honey bee industry and pollination
continuation strategy should varroa become established in Australia, May 2011,
p. 8.
[34]
Dr Doug Somerville, Committee Hansard, 15 April 2014, p. 61.
[35]
Plant Health Australia, Submission 37, p. 11.
[36]
Ms
Janet Sutherland, Submission 23, p. 1.
[37]
Mr Leo Kuter, Submission
26, p. 3.
[38]
Ms Corinne Jordan, Submission 27, p. 2.
[39]
Mr Ken Gell, Submission 7, p. 2.
[40] Dr Doug Somerville, Submission
28, p. 9 and Dr
Maxwell Whitten, Committee Hansard,
20 May 2014, p. 25.
[41]
Dr Doug Somerville, Committee Hansard, 15 April 2014, p. 61.
[42]
Ms Serena Dorf, Submission
56, p. 2.
[43]
Ms Corinne Jordan, Submission 27, p. 2.
[44]
House of Representatives Standing Committee on Primary Industries and
Resources, More than Honey: the future of the Australian honey bee and
pollination industries, May 2008, p. xix.
[45]
Government Response, House of Representatives Standing Committee on
Primary Industries and Resources, More than Honey: the future of the
Australian honey bee and pollination industries, August 2009, p. 8.
[46]
Department of
Agriculture, Answers to Question on Notice, p. 21.
[47]
Ms Janet Sutherland, Submission 23, p. 1.
[48]
Mr Robert Johnstone, Submission 36, pp 3-4.
[49]
South Australian Apiarists' Association, Submission 4, pp 1–2.
[50]
Department of
Agriculture, Answers to Question on Notice, p. 1.
[51]
Mr Trevor Monson, Committee Hansard, 15 April 2014, p. 50.
[52]
Department of Agriculture, Submission 79, p. 7.
[53]
Centre for International Economics, Future Directions for the
Australian Honeybee Industry, September 2005, p. 3.
[54]
Department of Agriculture, Import case details, http://apps.daff.gov.au/icon32/asp/ex_casecontent.asp?intNodeId=9036453&intCommodityId=6079&Types=none&WhichQuery=Go+to+full+text&intSearch=1&LogSessionID=0,
(accessed 3 April 2014).
[55]
Department of Agriculture, Submission 79, p. 10.
[56]
Mr Trevor Monson, Submission 48, p. 4; Australian Queen Bee Exporters Pty. Ltd,
Submission 49, p. 2.
[57]
Department of Agriculture, Answers to Questions on Notice, pp 22–23.
[58]
Department of Agriculture, Queen Bee Levy Information Sheet, http://www.daff.gov.au/agriculture-food/levies/categories/other_levies/queen_bee/information_sheet,
(accessed 23 May 2014).
[59]
House of Representatives Standing Committee on Primary Industries and
Resources, More than Honey: the future of the Australian honey bee and
pollination industries, May 2008, p. 161.
[60]
Government Response, House of Representatives Standing Committee on
Primary Industries and Resources, More than Honey: the future of the
Australian honey bee and pollination industries, August 2009, pp 12–13.
[61] Victorian Apiarists' Association
Inc, Submission 40, p. 9.
[62]
Mr Trevor Weatherhead, Committee Hansard, 20 May 2014, p. 31.
[63]
House of Representatives Standing Committee on Public Works, Construction
of a new post-entry quarantine facility at Mickleham, Victoria, May 2013,
p. 11.
[64]
House of Representatives Standing Committee on Public Works, Construction
of a new post-entry quarantine facility at Mickleham, Victoria, May 2013,
pp 11–12.
[65]
Ms Corinne Jordan, Submission 27, pp 1–2.
[66] Ms Serena Dorf, Submission 56,
p. 2; Beechworth Honey Group, Submission 52, p. 13.; Wheen Bee
Foundation Ltd, Submission 65, p. 5; Dr Doug Somerville, Submission
28, p.2; Ms Corinne Jordan, Submission 27, p. 1; Dr Doug
Somerville, Submission 28, p. 9; Ms Serena Dorf, Submission 56,
p. 2; NSW Apiarists' Association, Submission 58, p. 17.
[67]
Dr Colin Grant, Committee Hansard, 20 May 2014, pp 66– 67.
[68]
House of Representatives Standing Committee on Primary Industries and
Resources, More than Honey: the future of the Australian honey bee and
pollination industries, May 2008, p. xix.
[69]
Dr Doug Somerville, Committee Hansard, 15 April 2014, p. 59.
[70]
Mr Warren Taylor, Committee Hansard, 20 May 2014, p. 50.
[71]
Department of
Agriculture, Answers to Question on Notice, p. 20.
[72]
Department of Agriculture, Submission 79, p. 7.
[73]
AUS-QUAL Pty Ltd, B-Qual, http://www.ausqual.com.au/certification-services/b-qual.aspx,
(accessed 31March 2014).
[74]
Australian Honey Bee Industry Council, B-Qual, http://honeybee.org.au/programs/b-qual/,
(accessed 31 March 2014).
[75]
B-QUAL, Getting Started, http://www.bqual.com.au/how.aspx,
(accessed 31 March 2014).
[76]
AUS-QUAL Pty Ltd, HACCP Certification, http://www.ausqual.com.au/certification-services/haccp.aspx,
(accessed 31 March 2014).
[77]
Mr Rod Yates, Submission 12, pp 10–11; Mr Dave Elson, Submission
76, p. 5.
[78]
Department of Agriculture, Import Risk Analysis, 2011, p. 9.
[79]
Department of Agriculture, Import Risk Analysis, 2011, p. 10.
[80]
Department of Agriculture, Import Risk Analysis, 2011, pp 10–11.
[81] Department
of Agriculture, Information for Food Importers, http://www.daff.gov.au/biosecurity/import/food/info-for-food-importers,
(accessed 5 April 2014).
[82]
Department of Agriculture, Import case details, http://apps.daff.gov.au/icon32/asp/ex_casecontent.asp?intNodeId=9051649&intCommodityId=934&Types=none&WhichQuery=Go+to+full+text&intSearch=1&LogSessionID=0,
(accessed 5 April 2014).
[83] Department
of Agriculture, Import case details, http://apps.daff.gov.au/icon32/asp/ex_casecontent.asp?intNodeId=9051649&intCommodityId=934&Types=none&WhichQuery=Go+to+full+text&intSearch=1&LogSessionID=0,
(accessed 5 April 2014).
[84]
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Imported Food
Inspection Scheme http://www.daff.gov.au/biosecurity/import/food/inspection-scheme,
(accessed 31 March 2014).
[85]
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Imported Food
Inspection Scheme http://www.daff.gov.au/biosecurity/import/food/inspection-scheme,
(accessed 31 March 2014).
[86]
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Importing Food
Program: Testing Guidelines, http://www.daff.gov.au/biosecurity/import/food/testing-labs/ifp-testing-guidelines,
(accessed 31 March 2014).
[87]
Wheen Bee Foundation Ltd, Submission 65, p. 4.
[88]
WA Farmers, Submission 72, p. 3.
[89]
Dr Doug Somerville, Committee Hansard, 15 April 2014, p. 60.
[90]
Department of
Agriculture, Answers to Question on Notice, p. 17.
[91]
Capilano
Honey Ltd, Submission 39, p. 6; Ipswich and West Moreton Beekeepers
Association, Submission 60, p. 2.
[92]
Beechworth Honey
Group, Submission 52, p. 8.
[93]
Ms
Serena Dorf, Submission 56, p. 3.
[94]
Victorian
Apiarists' Association Inc Melbourne Section, Submission 61, p. 7.
[95]
VFF
State Beekeeping Branch, Submission 75, p. 3.
[96] Aussie Bee, What Harm
Could Exotic Bumblebees Do in Australia?, http://www.aussiebee.com.au/bumblebeeharm.html, (accessed 26 May 2014).
[97]
Costa, Submission 22, p. 3.
[98]
Costa, Submission 22, p. 4.
[99]
Costa, Submission 22, p. 7.
[100] Tasmanian Farmers & Graziers Association, Submission
70, pp 6–8; Costa, Submission 22,
p. 8.
[101] Costa, Submission 22,
pp 4–5.
[102] Tasmanian Beekeepers' Association
lnc, Submission 47, p. 1; Mr Trevor Monson, Committee Hansard,
15 April 2014, pp 49–50.
[103] Beechworth Honey Group, Submission
52, pp 15–16.
Chapter 4
[1]
Department of Agriculture, Submission 79, pp 11–12; Australian
Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Maximum Residue Limits (MRL)
in Food and Animal feedstuff, http://www.apvma.gov.au/residues/standard.php,
(accessed 4 June 2014).
[2]
Department of Agriculture, Submission 79, pp 11–12.
[3]
Business.Gov.Au, Labelling Fair Trading, http://www.business.gov.au/BusinessTopics/Fairtrading/Pages/Labelling.aspx,
(accessed 26 March 2014).
[4]
Review of Food Labelling Law and Policy, Labelling Logic: Review of
Food Labelling Law and Policy (2011), January 2011, p. 1.
[5]
Legislative and Governance Forum on Food Regulation (FoFR), Response
to the Recommendations of Labelling Logic: Review of Food labelling Law and
Policy (2011), December 2011.
[6]
See, for example, Capilano Honey Ltd., Submission 39, p. 6; Australian
Honey Bee Industry Council, Submission 63, p. 10; Mr Benjamin Hooper,
South Australian Apiarists Association Incorporated, Committee Hansard, 15
April 2014, pp 4, 8.
[7]
Food Standard 2.8.2, Honey, p. 1.
[8]
Standing Committee on Primary Industries and Resources, More Than
Honey: the future of the Australian honey bee and pollination industries, May
2008, p. xxi.
[9]
Capilano Honey Ltd., Submission 39, p. 6.
[10]
Australian Food and Grocery Council, Submission 51, p. 9.
[11]
Food Standards Australia New Zealand, answer to written question on
notice, 20 May 2014, (received 27 May 2014).
[12]
Mr Colin Cooper, New South Wales Apiarists Association, Committee
Hansard, 20 May 2014, pp 6–7; Mr Trevor Weatherhead, Australian Honey Bee
Industry Council, Committee Hansard, 20 May 2014, p. 34.
[13]
Food Standards Australia New Zealand, answer to question on notice,
20 May 2014, (received 27 May 2014).
[14]
Dr Doug Somerville, Submission 28, p. 8; NSW Apiarists Association,
Submission 58, pp 19–20. Australian Honey Bee Industry Council, Submission
63, p. 10.
[15]
Mr Leigh Duffield, Submission 31, p. 3.
[16]
Mr Peter May, Department of Agriculture, Committee Hansard, 20 May
2014, p. 59.
[17]
Food Standards Australia New Zealand, answer to question on notice,
20 May 2014, (received 27 May 2014).
[18]
Review of Food Labelling Law and Policy, Labelling Logic: Review of
Food Labelling Law and Policy (2011), January 2011, p. 9.
[19]
Legislative and Governance Forum on Food Regulation (FoFR), Response to
the Recommendations of Labelling Logic: Review of Food labelling Law and Policy
(2011)., December 2011, p. 21.
[20]
Food Standards Australia New Zealand, answer to written question on
notice, 20 May 2014, (received 27 May 2014).
[21]
Australian Honey Bee Industry Council, Submission 63, p. 10; Mr
Trevor Weatherhead, Australian Honey Bee Industry Council, Committee
Hansard, 20 May 2014, p. 34.
[22]
Mr Ian Zadow, Australian Honey Bee Industry Council, Committee Hansard,
15 April 2014, p. 25; Beechworth Honey Group, Submission 52, pp
13–14; Australian Honey bee Industry Council Inc., Submission 63, p. 14;
Crop Pollination Association Inc. (Vic), Submission 14, pp 7–8; Mr Gary
Montgomery, Submission 43, p. 1; Mr John Edmonds, Submission 44, pp
1–2; Mr David and Wendy Mumford, Submission 30, pp 4–6.
[23]
Mr Peter Warhurst, Submission 18, p. 2; Mr Gary Montgomery,
Submission 43, p. 2; The Western Australian Farmers Federation Inc., Submission
72, p. 5.
[24]
Mr Gary Montgomery, Submission 43, p. 2;
[25]
Dr Benjamin McKee, Capilano Honey Ltd, Committee Hansard, 20 May
2014, p. 43.
[26]
Apple and Pear Australia Ltd., Submission 24, p. 7; Mr Gary
Montgomery, Submission 43, p. 1; Beechworth Honey Group, Submission
52, p. 13; Australian Honey bee Industry Council Inc., Submission 63,
p. 14.
[27]
Wheen Bee Foundation, Submission 65, p. 21.
[28]
Mr Moss MacGibbon and Mr Andrew McCallum, Submission 69, p. 4.
[29]
Australian Food and Grocery Council, Submission 51, p. 6.
[30]
FSANZ, answer to written question on notice, 20 May 2014, received
27 May 2014.
[31]
Mr Peter Warhurst, Submission 18, p. 2; John Edmonds, Submission
44, p. 1; Ms Serena Dorf, Submission 56, pp 3–4; VFF State
Beekeeping Branch, Submission 75, p. 8; Mr David and Wendy Mumford, Submission
30, pp 4–5; Mr Daniel Jones, Queensland Beekeepers Association, Committee
Hansard, 20 May 2014, p. 16.
[32]
Mr Moss MacGibbon and Mr Andrew McCallum, Submission 69, pp 4–5.
[33]
FSANZ, answer to written question on notice, 20 May 2014, received
27 May 2014.
[34]
Australian Food and Grocery Council, Submission 51, p. 3; Capilano
Honey, Submission 39, p. 6; Beechworth Honey Group, Submission
52, p. 13.
[35]
House of Representatives Standing Committee on Agriculture and Industry, https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/House/Agriculture_and_Industry/Food_Labelling/Terms_of_Reference,
(accessed 4 April 2014).
[36]
South Australian Apiarists' Association Inc. Submission 4, p. 2;
Australian Honey Bee Industry Council Inc., Submission 63, pp 10–13; NSW
Apiarists Association, Submission 58, pp 19–20; Capilano Honey Ltd., Submission
39, p. 6; Victorian Apiarists' Association, Submission 40, pp 7–8.
[37]
Mr John Edmonds, Submission 44, p. 1. Australian Honey Bee Industry
Council, Submission 63, pp 11–14; Leigh Duffield, Submission 31, p.
4; Victorian Apiarists' Association, Submission 40, pp 7–8.
[38]
Australian Honey Bee Industry Council, Submission 63, p. 11.
[39]
Australian Honey Bee Industry Council, Submission 63, pp 11–12.
[40]
Australian Honey Bee Industry Council, Submission 63, pp 11–14.
[41]
Mr Trevor Weatherhead, Committee Hansard, 20 May 2014, p. 30.
[42]
ACCC, Additional information, received 13 May 2014, p. 4.
[43]
ACCC, Additional information, received 13 May 2014, p. 3.
[44]
Department of Agriculture, answer to written question on notice 12, 26
May 2014, (received 3 June 2014).
[45]
Department of Agriculture, answer to written question on notice 12, 26
May 2014, (received 3 June 2014); Department of Agriculture, Submission
79, p. 11.
[46]
Imported Food Control Act 1992, ss 3, 14, and 16.
[47]
Imported Food Control Act 1992, s. 14.
[48]
Imported Food Control Act 1992, s. 15.
[49]
Department of Agriculture, answer to written question on notice 12, 26
May 2014, (received 3 June 2014).
[50]
ACCC Compliance and Enforcement Policy, February 2014, p. 3.
[51]
Beechworth Honey Group, Submission 52, pp 13–14; NSW Apiarists
Association, Submission 58, p. 20; Wheen Bee Foundation, Submission
65, pp 21–22.
[52]
Legislative Governance Forum on Food Regulation, Final Comunique, 13
December 2013, p. 1.
[53]
Department of Health, Front-of-pack labelling updates, Health Star
Rating Advisory Committee Meeting – outcomes of meeting held on 3 March 2014,
http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/foodsecretariat-front-of-pack-labelling-1,
(accessed 28 May 2014).
[54]
Beechworth Honey Group, Submission 52, pp 13–14.
[55]
NSW Apiarists Association, Submission 58, p. 20.
Additional Comments - Nick Xenophon, Independent Senator for South Australia
[1]
United Nations Environment Programme, Global Honey Bee Colony
Disorders and other Threats to Insect Pollinators, 2010, p. 1.
[2]
Neals, Sue ‘Consumers asked to keep fingers out of the honey jar’, The
Australian, 23 June 2014
[3]
Dr Maxwell Whitten, Committee Hansard, 20 May 2014, pp 20– 21.
[4]
Department of Agriculture, A honey bee industry and pollination
continuity strategy should Varroa become established in Australia, May
2011, p. iii.
[5]
Dr Doug Somerville, Committee Hansard, 15 April 2014, pp 55–56.
[6]
Department of Agriculture, Answers to Question on Notice, p. 5.