Chapter 1 - Introduction and background

[1]        Journals of the Senate, No. 63, 14 September 2017, p. 2007.

[2]        Senate Selection of Bills Committee, Report No. 11 of 2017, 14 September 2017, Appendix 1.

[3]        Senate Selection of Bills Committee, Report No. 11 of 2017, 14 September 2017, Appendix 2.

[4]        Senate Selection of Bills Committee, Report No. 11 of 2017, 14 September 2017, Appendix 2.

[5]        The Hon Michael Keenan MP, Minister for Justice and Minister Assisting the Prime Minister for Counter-Terrorism, House of Representatives Hansard, 13 September 2017, p. 6.

[6]        The Hon Michael Keenan MP, Minister for Justice and Minister Assisting the Prime Minister for Counter-Terrorism, House of Representatives Hansard, 13 September 2017, p. 6.

[7]        Submission 4, p. 2.

[8]        Submission 4, p. 2.

[9]        Explanatory Memorandum, p. 2.

[10]      Submission 4, pp. 2–3.

[11]      See the Hon Michael Keenan MP, Minister for Justice and Minister Assisting the Prime Minister for Counter-Terrorism, House of Representatives Hansard, 13 September 2017, p. 6; and the Attorney-General's Department, Submission 4, p. 2.

[12]      Submission 4, p. 2.

[13]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 2.

[14]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. ii.

[15]      Explanatory Memorandum, pp. 2–3.

[16]      The committee's website can be found at www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Legal_and_Constitutional_Affairs.

[17]      Explanatory Memorandum, pp. 3–4.

[18]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 4.

[19]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 4.

[1]        Uniting Church in Australia, Submission 1, pp. 1–2, and 3–5;Anti-Slavery Australia, Submission 6, p. 1; Collective Shout, Submission 7, pp. 1 and 9; and Carly Ryan Foundation, Submission 8, p. 1.

[2]        Submission 1, p. 6.

[3]        Uniting Church in Australia, Submission 1, pp. 1–2, and 5–6;Anti-Slavery Australia, Submission 6, p. 1; Collective Shout, Submission 7, p. 1; and Carly Ryan Foundation, Submission 8, p. 1.

[4]        Submission 8, p. 3.

[5]        Submission 7, p. 2.

[6]        Submission 5, p. 5. Associate Professor Bartels also noted the ALRC is currently looking into indigenous rates of incarceration, Submission 2, p. 2.

[7]        Submission 5, p. 5.

[8]        Submission 4, p. 2.

[9]        Explanatory Memorandum, p. 17.

[10]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 17.

[11]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 17.

[12]      Submission 2, p. 3, citing the report undertaken by the ALRC, Same Crime, Same Time: Sentencing of Federal Offenders (Report 103, 2006), p. 24.

[13]      Submission 5, p. 22.

[14]      Submission 4, p. 8. This is also clearly explained in the Explanatory Memorandum, p. 17.

[15]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 17.

[16]      Submission 5, p. 5.

[17]      Explanatory Memorandum, pp. 17–18.

[18]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 18.

[19]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 18.

[20]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 18.

[21]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 19.

[22]      Uniting Church, Submission 1, p. 1; Law Council of Australia, Submission 5, p. 25; Carly Ryan Foundation, Submission 7, p. 2.

[23]      Submission 5, p. 25.

[24]      Submission 5, p. 25.

[25]      Submission 5, p. 26.

[26]      Submission 5, p. 26.

[27]      Submission 5, p. 27.

[28]      Uniting Church in Australia, Submission 1, pp. 1–2, and 3–5; Ms Elly Bromberg, Submission 3, p. 1; Law Council of Australia, Submission 5, p. 9; Anti-Slavery Australia, Submission 6, pp. 8–9; Carly Ryan Foundation, Submission 7, p. 1; and Collective Shout, Submission 8, pp. 4–5 and p 7.

[29]      See, for example Anti-Slavery Australia, pp. 6–9.

[30]      Schedule 4, Item 1 outlined at Explanatory Memorandum, p. 20.

[31]      Law Council of Australia, Submission 5, pp.8–9; Anti-Slavery Australia, Submission 7, p. 11.

[32]      Submission 7, p. 11.

[33]      Submission 5, p. 9.

[34]      Submission 5, p. 10.

[35]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 2.

[36]      Submission 4, p. 6.

[37]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 35 repeated at p. 36.

[38]      Submission 4, p. 6.

[39]      Submission 2, p. 3.

[40]      Submission 5, p. 14.

[41]      Submission 4, p. 5.

[42]      Submission 4, p. 6.

[43]      Uniting Church in Australia, Submission 1, pp. 6–7; Carly Ryan Foundation, Submission 7, p. 1; and Collective Shout, Submission 8, pp. 4–5.

[44]      Ms Elly Bromberg, Submission 3, p. 2; Law Council of Australia, Submission 5, p. 10; Associate Professor Lorana Bartels, Submission 2, pp. 1–2; and Anti-Slavery Australia, Submission 6, p. 11.

[45]      Submission 5, p. 10. See also p. 11.

[46]      Submission 2, pp. 1–2. Associate Professor Bartels also noted the ALRC opposed mandatory sentencing more generally, citing the ALRC's report Incarceration Rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples: Discussion Paper (2017), p. 80.

[47]      Submission 6, p. 10.

[48]      Submission 6, p. 11.

[49]      Submission 5, p. 1 and pp. 12–13.

[50]      Submission 5, pp. 12–13.

[51]      Submission 4, p. 13.

[52]      Submission 4, pp. 10–11.

[53]      Submission 4, pp. 12 and 13.

[54]      Submission 4, p. 6.

[55]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 40.

[56]      Submission 8, p. 3.

[57]      Attorney-General's Department, Submission 4, p. 5.

[58]      Submission 5, p. 15.

[59]      Submission 5, p. 15.

[60]      Submission 4, p. 5.

[61]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 48.

[62]      Submission 4, pp. 7–8.

[63]      Submission 5, p. 17.

[64]      Submission 4, p. 8.

[65]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 49.

[66]      Submission 5, p. 18.

[67]      Submission 5, p. 18.

[68]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 43.

[69]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 44.

[70]      Submission 5, p. 20.

[71]      Submission 5, p. 21.

[72]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 50.

[73]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 50.

[74]      Submission 5, p. 23.

[75]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 50.

[76]      Submission 5, p. 27.

[77]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 50.

[78]      Explanatory Memorandum, pp. 51–52.

[79]      Submission 5, p. 28.

[80]      Submission 4, p. 9.

[81]      Submission 2, p. 4, citing the report undertaken by the ALRC, Same Crime, Same Time: Sentencing of Federal Offenders (Report 103, 2006), Recommendation 24–4.

[82]      Submission 5, p. 28.

[83]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 56. Note this schedule would amend the: Crimes Act; Criminal Code Act; Customs Act; and the Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Act.

[84]      See Uniting Church, Submission 1, p. 7; Law Council, Submission 5, p. 29; Anti-Slavery Australia, Submission 6, p. 5; and Collective Shout, Submission 8, p. 2.

[85]      Submission 1, p. 7.

[86]      Submission 3, p. 1.

[87]      Submission 5, p. 29.

[88]      Submission 6, p. 5. Note: the Luxembourg Guidelines are an international initiative to harmonise terms related to child protection. See http://luxembourgguidelines.org/ (accessed 10 October 2017).

[89]      Submission 5, p. 29.

[90]      Including in the place where the marriage was solemnised, where the offence was committed, or where the defendant resided or domiciled. See submissions made by the Law Council of Australia, Submission 5, p. 30; Anti-Slavery Australia, Submission 6, p. 13; and Collective Shout, Submission 8 p. 6.

[91]      Submission 5, p. 30.

[92]      Submission 8, p. 6.

[93]      Submission 8, p. 7.

[94]      Submission 8, p. 7, citing the recommendation of the Anti-Slavery Report, Behind the Screen: Online Child Exploitation in Australia, p. 80. Note this report was included in the Anti-Slavery submission.

[95]      Submission 5, p. 14.

[96]      Submission 1, p. 1.

[97]      Submission 1, p. 7.

Labor Senators' Additional Comments

[1]        Kevin Rudd (Prime Minister), National Framework for Protecting Australia's Children, media release, 30 April 2009.

[2]        Julia Gillard (Prime Minister), Speech at announcement of new National Children's Commissioner, Canberra, 25 February 2013.

[3]        Julia Gillard (Prime Minister), Government formally establishes Royal Commission, media release, 11 January 2013.

[4]        Schedules 2 and 3.

[5]        Schedule 4.

[6]        Schedule 5.

Australian Greens–Additional Comments

[1]        Law Council of Australia, Submission 5, p. 5; Associate Professor Lorana Bartels, Submission 2, p. 2.

[2]        Law Council of Australia, Submission 5, p. 10.

[3]        Law Council of Australia, Submission 5, p. 15.

[4]        Law Council of Australia, Submission 5, p. 17.

[5]        Law Council of Australia, Submission 5, p. 17.

[6]        Law Council of Australia, Submission 5, p. 21.

[7]        Law Council of Australia, Submission 5, p. 21