Footnotes

Chapter 1 - Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011; Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2011; and the Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill 2011

[1]        Journals of the Senate, 2011, p. 1961.

[2]        Journals of the Senate, 2012, p. 2057

[3]        Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 3.

[4]        Report of the Northern Territory Board of Inquiry into the Protection of Aboriginal Children from Sexual Abuse, Ampe Akelyernemane Meke Mekarle "Little Children are Sacred", 2007.

[5]        Community Living Areas are a form of freehold title issued to Aboriginal corporations by the Northern Territory Government.

[6]        Described in detail in First Report, Senate Select Committee on Regional and Remote Indigenous Communities, 2008.

[7]        Dr. J. Gardiner-Garden and K. Magarey, Bills Digest No. 103, 2011-12, Stronger futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Parliamentary Library, 8 February 2012, p. 5.

[8]        Australian Government, Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory, Policy Statement, November 2011, p. 1.

[9]        Information on the passage of Bills and amendments can be found at the following webpage: http://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22legislation%2Fbillhome%2Fr4736%22 (accessed 12 March 2012).

Chapter 2 - About the bills

[1]        The Hon. Jenny Macklin MP, Minister for Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Second Reading Speech, House of Representatives Hansard, 23 November 2011, p. 13539.

[2]        The Hon. Jenny Macklin MP, Minister for Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Second Reading Speech, House of Representatives Hansard, 23 November 2011, pp 13539, 13541, 13542.

[3]        Dr. J. Gardiner-Garden and K. Magarey, Bills Digest No. 103, 2011-12, Stronger futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Parliamentary Library, 8 February 2012, p. 3.

[4]        Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 1.

[5]        Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Clauses 1–5 and 118.

[6]        Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 3.

[7]        Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 8.

[8]        Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 8.

[9]        Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 12.

[10]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 12.

[11]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 18.

[12]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 25.

[13]      Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 2.

Chapter 3 - Issues identified with legislative amendments

[1]        Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 3.

[2]        Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 3.

[3]        Mr Peter Jones, Uniting Church Northern Synod, Committee Hansard, 23 February 2012, p.10

[4]        Australian Hotels Association (NT), Submission 190, p. 1.

[5]        Central Australian Aboriginal Legal Aid Service, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 10.

[6]        Mr Micheile Brodie, Northern Territory Licensing Commission, Committee Hansard, 24 February 2012, p. 17.

[7]        Mr Jonathon Hunyor, Northern Australian Aboriginal Justice Agency, Committee Hansard, 23 February 2012, p. 40.

[8]        Mr Jimmy Woon Tan, Maningrida Progress Association, Committee Hansard, 22 February 2012, pp 21–22.

[9]        Ms Caroline Edwards, Department of Families, Housing and Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, pp 39-40.

[10]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 351, p. 10.

[11]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Clause 15, lines 2–27, p. 21.

[12]      Dr John Boffa, PAAC, Committee Hansard, 21 April 2012, p. 34.

[13]      Dr John Boffa, PAAC, Committee Hansard, 21 April 2012, p. 34.

[14]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 13

[15]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 13.

[16]      Mr Rodney Hoffman, Committee Hansard, 23 February 2012, p. 60.

[17]      Miss Barbara Shaw, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 21.

[18]      Ms Eileen Hoosan, Central Australian Aboriginal Alcohol Programs Unit, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, pp 44–45.

[19]      Ms Eileen Hoosan, Central Australian Aboriginal Alcohol Programs Unit, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 44.

[20]      Mr David Hewitt, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 59.

[21]      Mr David Jan, Local Government Association of the Northern Territory, Committee Hansard, 23 February 2012, p. 62.

[22]      Dr John Boffa, PAAC, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 33.

[23]      Distilled Spirits Industry Council of Australia, Pre-budget Submission 2012-13, January 2012, p. 19.

[24]      Ms Caroline Edwards, Department of Families, Housing and Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, p. 42.

[25]      Mr David Jan, Local Government Association of the Northern Territory, Committee Hansard, 23 February 2012, p. 62.

[26]      Ms Eileen Hoosan, Central Australian Aboriginal Alcohol Programs Unit, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, pp 44–45.

[27]      Senate Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of Bills, Alert Digest No. of 2012, 8 February 2012, pp 48-49

[28]      Senate Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of Bills, Second Report for 2012, pp 90-91.

[29]      Senate Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of Bills, Second Report for 2012, pp 89–90.

[30]      Northern Land Council, Submission 361, p. 4.

[31]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 20.

[32]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 20.

[33]      Northern Land Council, Submission 361, p. 4.

[34]      Ms Virginia Newell, Central Land Council, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, pp 4–5.

[35]      Northern Land Council, Submission 361, p. 5.

[36]      Ms Sally Moyle, Department of Families, Housing and Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, p. 39.

[37]      Mr Kim Hill, Northern Land Council, Committee Hansard, 23 February 2012, p. 30.

[38]      Ms Sally Moyle, Department of Families, Housing and Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, p. 39.

[39]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 351, p. 53.

[40]      Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Submission 343, p. 33.

[41]      Under the Northern Territory Emergency Response the Australian Government held five-year leases over 64 Northern Territory communities; http://www.fahcsia.gov.au/sa/indigenous/progserv/ntresponse/about_response/housing_land_reform/Pages/five_year_leased_aboriginal_land.aspx; (accessed 2 March 2012).

[42]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 351, p. 52.

[43]      Aboriginal Peak Organisations of the Northern Territory, Submission 330, p. 12.

[44]      Mr David Ross, Central Land Council, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 2

[45]      Mr Walter Shaw, Tangentyere Council Inc, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 28. 

[46]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 351, p. 54.

[47]      Mr Michael Dillon, Department of Families, Housing and Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, p. 28.

[48]      Senate Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of Bills, Second Report for 2012, p. 90.

[49]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 21.

[50]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 22.

[51]      Ms Virginia Newell and Ms Jayne Weepers, Central Land Council, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 3.

[52]      The Hon Paul Henderson MP, Chief Minister and Mr Ken Davies, Northern Territory Government, Committee Hansard, 24 February 2012, p. 13.

[53]      Ms Virginia Newell, Central Land Council, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 2.

[54]      Ms Virginia Newell, Central Land Council, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 7.

[55]      Ms Virginia Newell, Central Land Council, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 4.

[56]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory, Policy Statement, November 2011, p. 9. Available at: http://www.indigenous.gov.au/stronger-futures-in-the-northern-territory/ (accessed 7 March 2012).

[57]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Revised Explanatory Memorandum, p. 2.

[58]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Revised Explanatory Memorandum, p. 28.

[59]      The Hon Paul Henderson MP, Chief Minister, Committee Hansard, 24 February 2012, p. 8.

[60]      A 'designated food security area' is the whole of the Northern Territory other than an area that is prescribed by the rules as outlined in see section 74 of the Bill.

[61]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Revised Explanatory Memorandum,
pp 2–3.

[62]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Revised Explanatory Memorandum, p. 28.

[63]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Revised Explanatory Memorandum, p. 3.

[64]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory Bill 2011, Revised Explanatory Memorandum, p. 29.

[65]      Australian Lawyers Alliance, Submission 319, p. 31.

[66]      Australian Lawyers Alliance, Submission 319, p. 35.

[67]      Ms Olga Havnen, Northern Territory Coordinator General for Remote Services, Committee Hansard, 23 February 2012, p. 22.

[68]      Mr Luke Morrish, Bawinanga Aboriginal Corporation, Committee Hansard, 22 February 2012, p. 12.

[69]      Mr Luke Morrish, Bawinanga Aboriginal Corporation, Committee Hansard, 22 February 2012, p. 11.

[70]      Mr Jimmy Woon Tan, Maningrida Progress Association, Committee Hansard, 22 February 2012, p. 21.

[71]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 18.

[72]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 18.

[73]      Stronger Futures in the Northern Territory (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, pp 21–23.

[74]      Mr Mark O'Reilly, Central Australian Aboriginal Legal Aid Service, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 8.

[75]      Mr Mark O'Reilly, Central Australian Aboriginal Legal Aid Service, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 11.

[76]      Mr Jonathon Hunyor, NAAJA, Committee Hansard, 23 February 2012, pp 40–41.

[77]      Mr Jonathon Hunyor, NAAJA, Committee Hansard, 23 February 2012, p. 44.

[78]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 351, p. 62.

[79]      Ms Sarah Chidgey, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, p. 43.

[80]      Attorney General's Department Criminal Justice Division, Review of customary law amendments to bail and sentencing laws, November 2009, p. 4.

[81]      The Queen v Wunungmurra [2009] NTSC 24.

[82]     Review of customary law amendments to bail and sentencing laws, 2009.

[83]      Ms Sarah Chidgey, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, pp 43–44.

[84]      For a person to be assessed as a vulnerable welfare payment recipient, a delegate, in this case a Centrelink social worker, must make a written determination that the person is a vulnerable welfare payment recipient. In making such a determination, the delegate must consider: whether the person is experiencing an indicator of vulnerability (11.4.2.20), whether the person is failing to meet their priority needs or the priority needs of their partner, children or other dependants, as a result of experiencing the indicator of vulnerability, and whether the person's total circumstances could be assisted by income management, having regard to other services and mechanisms available. Source: http://www.fahcsia.gov.au/guides_acts/ssg/ssguide-11/ssguide-11.4/ssguide-11.4.2/ssguide-11.4.2.10.html, (accessed 7 March 2012).

[85]      Section 123TB, Social Security Administration Act 1999, pp 173–174.

[86]      Section 123TA, Social Security Administration Act 1999, pp 172–173.

[87]      Section 123TA, Social Security Administration Act 1999, p. 173.

[88]      Section 123UM, Social Security Administration Act 1999, p. 202.

[89]      Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 3.

[90]      Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill 2011, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 2.

[91]      Clause 123UFAA, Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill 2011, lines 23–30, p. 4, lines 1–18, p. 5.

[92]      Clauses 123TGAA, 123TGAB, Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill 2011, lines 3–14, p. 4.

[93]      Ms Andrea Mason, Ngaanyatjarra Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (NPY) Women's Council, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 15.

[94]      Mr David Hewitt, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 59.

[95]      Dr Djiniyini Gondarra OAM, Dhurili Clan Nation, Committee Hansard, 22 February 2012, pp. 29–30.

[96]      Ms Gabriel Moore, Committee Hansard, 6 March 2012, p. 1; Ms Maree O'Halloran, Committee Hansard, 6 March 2012, p. 25; Dr Falzon, Committee Hansard, 6 March 2012, p. 17.

[97]      Dr Cassandra Goldie, Committee Hansard, 6 March 2012, p. 32.

[98]      St Vincent de Paul Society, Submission 24, p. 1.

[99]      Miss Carol Carter, Deputy Chairperson, Bankstown Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Advisory Committee, Committee Hansard, 6 March 2012, p. 10.

[100]    Mr Eddie Cubillo, Northern Territory Discrimination Commissioner, Committee Hansard, 24 February 2012, p. 3.

[101]    Mr Cyril Oliver, Malabam Health Board, Committee Hansard, 22 February 2012, p. 8.

[102]    Mr Gerard Thomas, Policy and Media Officer, National Welfare Rights Centre, Committee Hansard, 6 March 2012, p. 28.

[103]    Dr Howard Bath, Northern Territory Children's Commissioner, Committee Hansard,
23 February 2012, p. 51.

[104]    Ms Katie Robertson, Central Australian Aboriginal Legal Aid Service, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 8

[105]    Ms Katie Robertson, Central Australian Aboriginal Legal Aid Service, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 13.

[106]    Public Health Association of Australia, Submission 159, p. 6.

[107]    Ms Katie Robertson, Central Australian Aboriginal Legal Aid Service, Committee Hansard,
21 February 2012, pp. 8–9.

[108]    Mr Alexander Clunies-Ross, Northern Australian Aboriginal Justice Agency, Committee Hansard, 23 February 2012, p. 44.

[109]    Ms Katie Robertson, Central Australian Aboriginal Legal Aid Service, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 9.

[110]    Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 12.

[111]    Social Security Administration Act 1991, Part 3C, section 124M.

[112]    Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 0.

[113]    Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 12.

[114]    Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 12.

[115]    Department Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Submission 343, p. 22.

[116]    Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 12.

[117]    Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 15.

[118]    Ministers Macklin and Garrett, Joint Press Release, Good Progress in improving school enrolment and attendance in Queensland and the Northern Territory, 2 February 2012 http://ministers.deewr.gov.au/garrett/good-progress-improving-school-enrolment-and-attendance-queensland-and-northern-territory (accessed 6 March 2012).

[119]    Minister Garrett, Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill 2011, Second Reading Speech, House of Representatives Hansard, 23 November 2011, p. 13559.

[120]    Minister Garrett, Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill 2011, Second Reading Speech, House of Representatives Hansard, 23 November 2011, p. 13559.

[121]    Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 12.

[122]    Mr Michael Dillon, Deputy Secretary of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, p. 27.

[123]    The Northern Territory Government, Submission 403, p. 9.

[124]    Aboriginal Peak Organisations of the Northern Territory, Submission 330, p. 8.

[125]    Mr Stuart Dwyer, Maningrida School Principal, Committee Hansard, 22 February 2012, p. 26.

[126]    Aboriginal Peak Organisation of the Northern Territory, Submission 330, p. 8.

[127]    National Congress of Australia's First People, Submission 224, p. 23.

[128]    Central Aboriginal Women's Legal Service Inc., Submission 317, p. 4.

[129]    Mr Michael Dillon, Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, p. 27.

[130]    Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Submission 343, p. 20.

[131]    Australian Council of Social Services, Submission 1, p. 4.

[132]    Ms Williams, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2012, p. 10.

[133]    National Congress of Australia's First Peoples, Submission 224, p. 23.

[134]    Aboriginal Peak Organisations of the Northern Territory, Submission 330, p. 4.

[135]    Aboriginal Peak Organisation of the Northern Territory, Submission 330, p. 7.

[136]    Miss Shanna Satya, Central Australian Aboriginal Legal Aid Service, Committee Hansard,
21 February 2012, p. 9.

[137]    Ms Jody Broun, National Congress of Australia's First Peoples, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, pp 13–14.

[138]    Mr Michael Dillon, Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, p. 27.

[139]    Mr Mike Gooda, Australian Human Rights Commission, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, p. 3.

[140]    Mr Michael Dillon, Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, p. 27.

[141]    Social Security Legislation Amendment Bill, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 14.

[142]    Miss Shanna Satya, Central Australia Aboriginal Legal Aid Service, Committee Hansard,
20 February 2012, p. 9.

[143]    Mr Gary Barnes, Northern Territory Government, Committee Hansard,
24 February 2012, p. 20.

Chapter 4 - Other issues

[1]        Ms Roxanne Kenny, Committee Hansard, 21 February 2012, p. 4.

[2]        Mr Peter Jones, Uniting Church Northern Synod, Committee Hansard, 23 February 2012, p. 9; Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 351, p. 14.

[3]        Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 351, pp 18–20.

[4]        Engaging Today, Building Tomorrow: A framework for engaging with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians, May 2011, p. 7.

[5]        Mr Michael Avery, Committee Hansard, 23 February 2012, p. 6.

[6]        Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 351, p. 8.

[7]        Cultural & Indigenous Research Centre Australia, The Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Report on Stronger Futures Consultation 2011 Final Report (2011).

[8]        Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Response to Question on Notice #1, received 9 March 2012.

[9]        Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 351, Features of a meaningful and effective consultation process and Appendix C, Creating Cultural Competency.

[10]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 351, p. 15.

[11]      Mr Mike Gooda, Australian Human Rights Commission, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, p. 2.

[12]      Rev Dr Djiniyini Gondarra OAM, Committee Hansard, 22 February 2012, p. 29.

[13]      Ms Olga Havnen, Northern Territory Coordinator General of Remote Service Delivery, Committee Hansard, 23 February 2012, p. 20.

[14]      Mr Mike Gooda, Australian Human Rights Commission, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, pp 3–4. 

[15]      Mr Michael Dillon, Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Committee Hansard, 1 March 2012, p. 55.

[16]      Report of the Board of Inquiry into the Child Protection System in the Northern Territory, Growing them Strong, Together, 18 October 2010, p. 18, http://www.childprotectioninquiry.nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/49779/CPSR_Summary.pdf (accessed 7 March 2012).

Additional Comments by Coalition Senators

[1] Dr Howard Bath, Northern Territory Children's Commissioner Committee Hansard p47 dated 23 Feb 2012

Dissenting Report - The Australian Greens

[1] See research from the Harvard Project on Indian Economic Development, available at < http://hpaied.org/>

[2] AHRC submission, p.13

[3] Mr Cubillo, Anti Discrimination Commissioner hansard 24 February p1

[4] Mr Morrish, Chief Executive Officer, Bawinanga Aboriginal Corporation, hansard, 22 February p.9

[5] Babbarra Women's Centre, hansard, 22 February, p. 16

[6] Miss Shaw, Intervention Rollback Action Group, hansard, 21 February , p.18 & 22

[7] Ms  Cox, Adjunct Professorial Fellow, Jumbunna Indigenous House of Learning, hansard, 1 March p. 18

[8] Jumbunna House of Learning submission, p.8.

[9] Listening but not Hearing A response to the NTER Stronger Futures Consultations June to August 2011", available from
<www.jumbunna.uts.edu.au/researchareas/ListeningButNotHearing8March2012.pdf>

[10] AHRC submission para 236-7; see also, National Congress of Australia’s First People submission p.17-19

[11] Gerhardy v. Brown (1985) 159 CLR 70, 133 (Brennan J), sited in AHRC submission para 121

[12] AHRC submission para 70-71

[13] AHRC, submission para 73 citing ANTAR

[14] AHRC submission para 82

[15] PATERSON, Mr John, Chief Executive Officer, Aboriginal Medical Services Alliance of the Northern Territory, hansard, Friday, 24 February 2012 p.47

[16] OLIVER, Mr Cyril, Acting Chief Executive Officer, Malabam Health Board, hansard 22 February, p.8.

[17] Dr. Gondarra Oam , Dhurili Clan Nation, hansard ,22 February p.29.

[18] AHRC submission para 67-68

[19] Dr. Bath,  Northern Territory Children's Commissioner, hansard , 23 February p.47-48

[20] AHRC submission para 253

[21] APO NT submission p.8.

[22]AHRC submission para 230.

[23] Dr Boffa, Public Health Medical Officer, PAAC, Hansard, 21 February, p. 34.

[24] APO NT submission p.9.

[25] Mr Hunyor, Principal Legal Officer, North Australian Aboriginal Justice Agency, hansard, 23  February, p.40

[26] AHRC submission, para 299.

[27] See, eg APO NT submission p.9;Ms  Haven, Northern Territory Coordinator General for Remote Services, hansard February 22 p.21; Ms  Hoosan,  Secretary, Central Australian Aboriginal Alcohol Programs Unit; hansard 21 February p44

[28] Ms Rosas, Director, North Australian Aboriginal Justice Agency, hansard,  23 February, p.38

[29] PAAC submission, para 3.6

[30] See eg: CLC, NLC and APO NT submissions

[31] Ms Newell, Leasing Coordinator, Central Land Council,   Hansard, 21 February  p. 2.

[32] hansard 1 March 37-38

[33] See, eg: APO NT and AHRC submission

[34] See, Mr  Morrish, Bawinanga Aboriginal Corporation hansard 22 February p.11

[35] AHRC submission para 365

[36] APO NT p. 38

[37] AHRC submission para 364

[38] AHRC submission para 367

[39] APO NT submission p. 38

[40] AHRC submission para 371

[41] Mr  Hunyor, North Australian Aboriginal Justice Agency, hansard, 23 February, p. 42.

[42] Mr  O'Reilly, Central Australian Aboriginal Legal Aid Service, hansard 21 February p.8.

[43]  Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Centenary Ceremonial sitting, transcript available from

<www.supremecourt.nt.gov.au/media/documents/Ceremonial_30052011_CentenarySCNT.pdf >

[44] APO NT submission p.34.

[45] APO NT submission, p. 34.

[46] Ms Rosas, Director, North Australian Aboriginal Justice Agency, hansard  23 February, p 38

[47] APO NT submission, p. 35.

[48] APO NT Submission p.39; see also Northern Land Council , hansard, 23 February p.30-31

[49] See eg: ACOSS submission p. 6 & 9; AHRC submission para 156

[50] AHRC submission para 58

[51] Jumbunna submission p.5. See, also Ms Walker,  Acting Chief Executive Officer, Public Health Association of Australia, hansard 6 mar, p.1.

[52] APO NT submission p. 13

[53] PHAA submission p.5

[54] APO NT submission p.13

[55] Ms  Moore, PHAA, hansard, 6 March  p. 1. See also, APO NT, hansard,  21 February, p. 13; AHRC submission p.27; National Congress of Australia’s First Peoples submission p 17.

[56] APO submission p.20

[57] St. Vincent de Paul Society submission, p.2; see also AHRC submission para 186; 191-194 and Ms Havnen, NT Coordinator General, hansard, 23 Feb p. 20

[58] UC Darwin 1 p.10

[59] Dr. Bath, NT Children’s Commissioner, hansard,  23 February, p.48

[60] Ibid p.50

[61] Ibid.

[62] AHRC submission para 189; ACOSS submission p.11

[63] AHRC submission para 189

[64] AHRC submission para 189

[65] AHRC submission para 189

[66] Manigrita School, hansard  22 February and Ms Havnen, NT Coordinator General, hansard, 23 February , UC handsard 23 February

[67] APO NT Submission, p.77; Miss Satya Central Australian Aboriginal Legal Aid Service  hansard 21 February p.8; MASON, Ms Andrea, Coordinator, NPY Women's Council, hansard 21 February

[68] Ms Havnen, NT Coordinator General, hansard, 23 Feb p. 26

[69] AHRC submission para 188.

[70]See eg, Ms Havnen, NT Coordinator General, hansard, 23 Feb p. 19

[71] AHRC submission para 18

[72] Ibid, para 19

[73] National Congress of Australia’s First Peoples submission para 64 & 66

[74] AHRC submission para 67-68

[75] AHRC submission para 20

[76] AHRC submission para 91-92

[77] AHRC Social Justice Report 2011, p. 150 citing The National Health and Medical Research Council

[78] AHRC submission para 104

[79] AHRC submission para 21