1.1
The Australian Greens have serious concerns with the proposed Migration
Amendment (Validation of Decisions) Bill 2017 (the bill), which will 'prevent
decisions made by the Minister under section 503A from being invalid merely
because the decision relied on, or had regard to confidential information
protected, or purportedly protected , by existing subsection 503A(1) or (2)'.
1.2
The Greens are concerned that the bill will severely restrict the
judiciary's ability to meaningfully oversee the use of executive powers. Should
the bill be enacted, it would likely be inconsistent with Chapter III of the
Constitution.
1.3
The Greens endorse Refugees Legal's submission, which argued that the bill
is an:
...entirely inappropriate encroachment on the jurisdiction of
the Judiciary by the Executive and Legislature and is inconsistent with the
doctrine of the separation of powers...[1]
1.4
The Greens agree with Refugee Legal in that the bill is inconsistent
with the Chapter III of the constitution and offends the principle of
separation of powers. The bill attempts to negate the legal implications a
possible ruling of the High Court before that ruling has been made. And
additionally by:
...purporting to restrain the judiciary's power to undertake
judicial review of administrative decisions under s 75(v) in Chapter III of the
Constitution by retrospectively immunising s 503A-related decisions from
judicial review.'[2]
1.5
The Greens have concerns with the retrospective nature of the bill.[3]
Refugee Law noted in their submission that:
This effect of the proposed amendments offends against the
longstanding legal principle of the presumption against retrospectivity.
Retrospective laws are commonly considered inconsistent with the rule of law as
they make the law less certain and reliable. A person who makes a decision
based on what the law is, may be disadvantaged if the law is changed
retrospectively. It is said to be unjust because it disappoints 'justified
expectations'.[4]
1.6
The Greens share the Australian Law Council's concerns that the bill may
result in refused visa applicants or cancelled visa holders being denied the
opportunity to present their case as a result of the retrospective application
of the bill and that it may deny individuals the opportunity to have their
matters reconsidered lawfully.[5]
1.7
The Greens are further concerned that if cancelled visa holders or
refused visa applicants are given the right to judicial review they will be
denied due process as the result of the bill. As the Law Council of Australia
noted:
... whilst a cancelled visa holder or refused visa applicant
may have a right to judicial review, they will be not have access to or be able
to question the validity of protected information that may have been used
against them in making a decision to cancel or refuse their visa under sections
501, 501A, 501B, 501BA, 501C and 501CA.[6]
1.8
The Greens acknowledge the need for the Executive to withhold
information in some circumstances that may, if made public, undermine national
security, foreign policy and criminal justice frameworks. However, the Greens
agree with Refugee Law's analysis that 'common law contains its own robust
strict protections on the disclosure of sensitive information'.[7]
1.9
The Greens emphasise Refugee Law's argument that:
The common law hearing rule requires administrative
decision-makers to provide persons with a real and meaningful opportunity to
respond to adverse information that is credible, relevant and significant to
the decision to be made.[8]
1.10
The bill clearly restricts the ability of in refused visa applicants or
cancelled visa holders being able to access the information about themselves
which the Executive would have used to deny or cancel their visa. This would
deny refused visa applicants or cancelled visa holders a real and meaningful
opportunity to respond to adverse information thus threatening due process.
Recommendation 1
1.11
The Australian Greens recommend that the bill not be passed by the
Senate.
Senator Nick
McKim
Senator for
Tasmania
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