Early each year the Health Minister announces the average increase to private health insurance (PHI) premiums that will apply from 1 April, following her annual assessment of applications for increases from the 36
. The announcement invariably attracts considerable attention, particularly if the increase is higher than community expectations. This year, the average increase to premiums will be around 5.6 per cent, according to the Minister’s
. This is broadly in line with the magnitude of increases over recent years, and just marginally above last year’s increase of 5.06 per cent. For families with top cover this will mean an average increase of $3.70 per week.
Over the last decade premium rises have tracked well above the consumer price index (CPI), at around an average of 6.1 per cent, as can be seen in the graph below.
As this Parliamentary Library
paper explains, under the
Private Health Insurance Act 2007 health insurers must seek approval from the Minister for Health and Ageing for any change to health insurance premiums. While the Minister must approve an application unless she deems it to be not in the public interest (and must disclose her reasons in writing), this rarely happens. Instead there is a process of negotiation, whereby the Minister can request an insurer to resubmit their application with more evidence to support their claim or she can ask them to re-apply for a lower increase. During the
2012 premium round process, 7 insurers sent in new applications for lower premium increases while 17 provided further evidence in support of their original application.
The process around premium setting largely reflects the highly regulated arrangements around private health insurance in Australia. However, by having the Minster so closely engaged in annual premium setting it also inevitably politicises the process. Some argue the process needs greater transparency and have called for reform. A recent report from
Deloitte (p. viii) argues that the premium approval process should be moved to an independent regulator such as APRA, beyond the influence of the Health Minister.
It should be noted that the announcement is for an average premium increase, so the premium for individual products may be above or below this figure. But some consumers may find they are paying even more for their PHI. Following the recent means testing of the PHI rebate, higher income earners now receive a lower level of rebate, and among the highest income earners, none at all. After July 2013, those who have incurred a Lifetime Health Cover Loading on their premium—a 2 per cent loading on the premium for each year they delay purchasing hospital cover after they turn 30—will receive a lower rebate if legislation currently before the Parliament is passed. This is because the bill proposes that the rebate amount be calculated only on that component of the premium which is not attributable to the loading, as this
Bills Digest explains. Meanwhile, those consumers who took up the
offer made by many insurers to lock in last year’s premium by pre-paying in advance will then face a jump in their premiums once this pre-paid time period expires.
It seems highly likely therefore, that consumer concern around PHI affordability can be expected to remain high and that the
Private Health Insurance Ombudsman may see an increase in consumer complaints around cost issues. Health insurers have already registered their concerns around the proposed changes to PHI, running a series of half page
advertisements in daily papers and on the
internet, as well as through a submission to the Senate enquiry into the current bill before the Parliament. And a further change mooted in the
Mid Year Economic and Fiscal Outlook (MYEFO p. 237) which could affect PHI affordability—aligning annual premium increases to CPI if CPI is lower than the average increase sought by insurers—may generate further concern when it is introduced.
The Minister
argues that the ongoing reforms to PHI are about making PHI more equitable and effective, as well as helping to achieve much needed budget savings to partially fund other health priorities, such as dental reforms (see
MYEFO, p. 237).
Overall, 2013 looks set to be a year where PHI will remain in the spotlight, with issues around consumer affordability and potential impacts on membership levels likely to feature.