Marine Protected Areas: Selected references
AMSA 2002. AMSA position statement on Marine Protected Areas. Australian Marine Sciences Association. AMSA Bulletin 159: 4-5. http://www.amsa.asn.au/PDF-files/Submissions/Marine-Protected-Areas.pdf
Adams, S., Mapstone, B.D., Russ, G.R., Davies, C.R. 2000, ‘Geographic variation in the sex ratio, sec specific size, and age structure of Plectropomus leopardus (Serranidae) between reefs open and closed to fishing on the Great Barrier Reef’, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol. 57, pp. 1448-1458. 
Alder, J. 1996, ‘Have tropical marine protected areas worked? An initial analysis of their success’, Coastal Management, vol. 24, pp. 97-114. 
Allison, G. W., Gains, S., Lubchenco, J., Possingham, H. 2003, ‘Ensuring persistence of marine reserves: catastrophes require adopting an insurance factor’. Ecological Applications, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. S8-S24.
Allison, G.W., Lubchenco, J., Carr, M.H. 1998, ‘Marine reserves are necessary but not sufficient for marine conservation’, Ecological Applications, vol. 8, no. 1 Supplement, pp. S79-S92. 
Ayling, A.M., Ayling, A.L. 1996, Bramble Reef replenishment area: pre-and post-opening surveys. Submitted to the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority
Ayre, D.J., Hughes, T.P. ‘Genotypic Diversity and Gene Flow in Brooding and Spawning Corals Along The Great Barrier Reef, Australia’, Evolution, , pp. 1590-1605. 
Balmford, A., Bruner, A., Cooper, P., Costanza, R., Farber, S., Green, R.E., Jenkins, M., Jefferiss, P., Jessamy, V., Madden, J., Munro, K., Myers, N., Naeem, S., Paavola, J., Rayment, M., Rosendo, S., Roughgarden, J., Trumper, K., Turner, R.K. 2002, ‘Economic Reasons for Conserving Wild Nature’, Science, vol. 297, no. 5583, pp. 950-953.
Baird, A.H., Hughes, T.P., Dinsdale, E.A., Harriott, V., Moltschaniwskyj, N.A., Pratchett, M.S., Tanner, J.E., Willis, B.L. (2002). Rating Regional Variation using meta-ananalysis Scale Sampling: Latitudinal Patterns in Recruitment Ecology 83(2): 436-451
Baker, J.T., Shepherd, S., Edyvane, K. 1996, ‘The use of marine fishery reserves to manage benthic fisheries, with emphasis on the South Australian abalone fishery’, ed. R. Thackway, Department of the Environment Sports and Territories, Canberra, pp. 103-113. 
Blaber, S.J.M., Milton, D.A., Smith, G.C., Farmer, M.J. 1995, ‘Trawl discards in the diets of tropical seabirds of the northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia’, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol. 127, pp. 1-13.

Burridge, C., Pitcher, R., Wassenburg, T., Ellis, N. 1998, ‘Repeat-Trawl Depletion’, in Final report on the effects of prawn trawling in the far-northern section of the Great Barrier Reef: 1991-1996, eds. Poiner, I., Glaister, J., Pitcher, R., Burridge, C., Wassenberg, T., Gribble, N., Hill, B., Blaber, S., Milton, D., Brewer, D., Ellis N., CSIRO Division of Marine Research, Cleveland.
Bushing, W.W. 1997, ‘GIS-based gap analysis of an existing marine reserve network around Santa Catalina Island’, Marine Geodesy, vol. 20, pp. 205-234. 
Carr, L., Mendelsohn, R. 2003, ‘Valuing coral reefs: a travel cost analysis of the Great Barrier Reef’, Ambio, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 353-357.

Cesar, H.S.J. 2000, Coral Reefs: Their Functions, Threats and Economic Value, CORDIO, Kalmar University.
Chaloupka, M., Limpus, C.J. 1997, ‘Robust statistical modelling of hawksbill sea turtle growth rates (southern Great Barrier Reef)’, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol. 146, pp. 1-8. 
Costanza, R., d'Arge, R., deGroot, R., Farber, S., Grasso, M., Hannon, B., Limburg, K., Naeem, S., O'Neil, R.V., Paruelo, J., Raskin, R.G., Sutton, P., van den Belt, M. 1997, ‘The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital’, Nature, vol. 387, no. 6630 May, pp. 253-280.

Davis, K.L.F., Russ, G.R., Williamson, D.H., Evans, R.D. 2004, ‘Surveillance and poaching on inshore reefs of the Great Barrier Reef Marine park’. Coastal Management, vol. 34, pp. 373-387. 

DeVantier, L.M., De'ath, G., Turak, E. 1998, ‘Ecological assessment of a complex natural system: a case study from the Great Barrier Reef’, Ecological Applications, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 480-496.
Doherty, P.J., Planes, S., Mather, P. 1995, ‘Gene flow and larval duration in seven species of fish from the Great Barrier Reef’, Ecology, vol. 76, no. 8, pp. 2373-2391. 
Done, T.J., Reichelt, R.E. 1998, ‘Integrated coastal zone and fisheries ecosystem management: generic goals and performance indices’, Ecological Applications, vol. 8, no. 1 Supplement, pp. S110-S118. 
Eichbaum, W., Crosby, M., Agardy, M.T., Laskin, S. 1996, ‘The role of marine and coastal protected areas in the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity’, Oceanography, vol. 9, pp. 60-70. 
Evans, R.D., Russ, G.R. 2004, ‘Larger biomass of targeted reef fish in no-take marine reserves on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia’, Aquatic conservation, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 505-519.
Francour, P., Harmelin, J., Pollard, D.A., Sartoretto, S. 2001, ‘A review of marine protected areas in the northwestern Mediterranean region: siting, usage, zonation and management’, Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, vol. 11, pp. 155-188. 
Furnas, M.J., Brodie, J. 1996, in Current status of nutrient levels and other water quality parameters in the Great Barrier reef; Downstream Effects of Land Use, eds. H.M. Hunter, A.G. Eyles & G.E. Rayment, Department of Natural Resources, Queensland, Australia, pp. 9-21.
Gell, F.R., Roberts, C.M. 2003, ‘Benefits beyond boundaries: the fishery effects of marine reserves’, Trends in ecology and evolution, vol. 18, no. 9, pp. 448-455.

Graham, N.A.J., Evans, R.D. and Russ, G.R. 2003, "The effects of marine reserve protection on the trophic relationships of reef fishes on the Great Barrier Reef", Environmental Conservation, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 200-208.
Gribble, N.A., Robertson, J.W.A. 1998, ‘Fishing effort in the far northern section cross shelf closure area of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park: the effectiveness of area-closures’, Journal of environmental management, vol. 52, pp. 53-67. 
Holland, D., Brazee, R.J. 1996, ‘Marine reserves for fisheries management’, Marine Resource Economics, vol. 11, pp. 157-171. 
Hughes. T.P. 2002. International Forum on Threats to Coral Reefs Centre for Coral Reef Biodiversity, Townsville October 14-19, 2002. http://www.jcu.edu.au/school/mbiolaq/ccrbio/Tsv%20forum.htm
Hughes, T.P., Baird, A.H., Moltschaniwskyj, N.A., Pratchett, M.S., Tanner, J.E., Willis, B.L., Dinsdale, E.A. 1999. ‘Patterns of recruitment and abundance of corals along the Great Barrier Reef’, Nature, vol. 397, no. 6714, pp. 59-63. 
Hughes, T.P., Moltschaniwskyj, N.A., Baird, A.H., Dinsdale, N.A., Pratchett, M.S., Tanner, J.E., Willis, B.L. 2000. ‘Supply-Side Ecology Works Both Ways: The Link Between Benthic Adults, Fecundity, and Larval Recruits’, Ecology, vol. 81, no. 8, pp. 2241-2249. 
Innes, J., Gorman, K. 2002, A Social and Economic Profile of Great Barrier Reef Coastal Communities (Draft), pp. 1-66. 
Jackson, J.B.C. 1997. "Reefs since Columbus." Coral Reefs 16(suppl.):S23-S32
Jones, G.P., Cole, R., Battershill, C. 1992, ‘Marine Reserves: Do they work?’, in Proceedings of the Second International Temperate Reef, ed. C. Battershill, NIWA Marine, Wellington. 
Jones, C.M., Derbyshire, K.J. 1988, ‘Sampling the demersal fauna from a commercial penaeid prawn fishery off the central Queensland coast’, Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, pp. 403-415. 
Kelly, S., Scott, D., MacDiarmid, A.B. 2002, ‘The value of a spill-over fishery for spiny lobsters around a marine reserve in northern New Zealand’. Coastal Management, vol. 30, pp. 153-166.
Kenchington, R., Ward, T. and Hegerl, E. 2003, The Benefits of Marine Protected Areas. http://www.deh.gov.au/coasts/mpa/wpc/pubs/benefits-mpas-technical.pdf
Lauck, T., Clark, C.W., Mangel, M. and Munro, G.R. 1998, "Implementing the precautionary principle in fisheries management through marine reserves", Ecological Applications, vol. 8, no. 1 Supplement, pp. S72-S78. 
Limpus, C. and Chaloupka, M. 1997, "Nonparametric regression modelling of green sea turtle growth rates (southern Great Barrier Reef)", Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol. 149, pp. 23-34. 
Lincoln Smith, M.P., Bell, J.D., Romahia, P., Pitt, K.A. 2001, Testing the Use of Marine Protected Areas to Restore and Manage Tropical Multispecies Invertebrate Fisheries at the Arnavon Islands, Solomon Islands, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. 
Lubchenco, J., Gaines, S. D., Warner, R. R., Airame, S.,  Simler, B. 2002, The science of marine reserves. Partnership for Interdisciplinary Studies of Coastal Oceans. http://www.piscoweb.org/outreach/pubs/reserves 
Lubchenco, J., Palumbi, S.R., Gaines, S.D., Andelman, S. 2003, ‘Plugging a hole in the ocean: the emerging science of marine reserves’. Ecological Applications, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. S3-S7.
Lauck, T., Clark, C.W., Mangel, M., Munro, G.R. 1998, "Implementing the precautionary principle in fisheries management through marine reserves", Ecological Applications, vol. 8, no. 1 Supplement, pp. S72-S78. 
McClanahan, T.R., Polunin, N.V.C and Done, T. 2002, ‘Ecological states and the resilience of coral reefs’. Conservation Ecology, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 18.

Mapstone, B.D., Davies, C.R., Little, L.R., Punt, A.E., Smith, A.D.M., Pantus, F., Lou, D.C., Williams, A.J., Jones, A., Ayling, A.M., Russ, G.R., McDonald, A.D. 2004, The effects of line fishing on the Great Barrier Reef and evaluations of alternative potential management strategies, CRC Reef Technical Report no. 52, CRC Reef Research Centre, Townsville. http://www.reef.crc.org.au/publications/techreport/techrept52.htm

Mascia, M.B. 2003, ‘The Human Dimension of Coral Reef Marine Protected Areas: Recent Social Science Research and Its Policy Implications’, Conservation Biology vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 630
McNeill, S.E. 1994, ‘The selection and design of marine protected areas: Australia as a case study’, Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 3, no. 7, pp. 586-605.
Moscardo G. 2001, Public perceptions of the management of the Great Barrier Reef. CRC Reef Research Project B2.5 Data Summary Report. http://www.reef.crc.org.au/research/sustainable_tourisim/results/b25.html#

Mumby, P. J., Dahlgren, C. P., Harborne, A. R., Kappel, C. V., Micheli, F., Brumbaugh, D. R., Holmes, K. E., Mendes, J. M., Broad, K., Sanchirico, J. N.,  Buch, K.,  Box, S., Stoffle, R. W., Gill, A. B. 2006, ‘Fishing, trophic cascades, and the process of grazing on coral reefs’, Science (Washington), vol. 311, no. 5757, pp. 98-101.

NCEAS 2001. Scientific consensus statement on marine reserves and marine protected areas. U.S. National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis 12pp. http://www. nceas.ucsb.edu/consensus

NFCC 2004. National Fisheries Conservation Centre Consensus Statement – Integrating Marine Reserve Science and Fisheries Management, NFCC Consensus Conference, Long Beach California June 7-9 2004. pp. 33 http://nfcc-fisheries.org/images/uploads/Consensus_Statement.pdf

Palumbi, S. R. 2002. Marine reserves: a tool for ecosystem management and conservation. Pew Oceans Commission, Arlington, Virginia, USA.

Pauly, D., Christensen, V., Guénette, S., Pitcher, T.J., Sumaila, U.R., Walters, C.J., Watson, R., Zeller, D. 2002, ‘Towards sustainability in world fisheries’, Nature, 418, 689-695.
Pollard, D.A. 1997, ‘Marine Harvest Regugia as a tool for Fish Population Enhancement- some examples from Australia and elsewhere’, in The GBR Science, use and management: a national conference, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, vol. 2, pp. 208.
Poiner, I., Glaister, J., Pitcher, R., Burridge, C., Wassenberg, T., Gribble, N., Hill, B., Blaber, S., Milton, D., Brewer, D., Ellis N. 1998, Final report on the effects of prawn trawling in the far-northern section of the Great Barrier Reef: 1991-1996. CSIRO Division of Marine Research, Cleveland.
Queensland Transport, 2001, Interim Report 2001 - Recreational Boating Survey, December 2001. 
Ray, G.C. 1999, ‘Coastal-marine protected areas: agonies of choice’, Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, vol. 9, pp. 607-614. 
Ray, G.C. and McCormick-Ray, M.G. 1994, Marine Protected Areas and Biosphere Reserves: 'Towards a New Paradigm': Coastal-Marine Protected Areas - A Moving Target, Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Canberra. 
Riddle, M.J. 1988, ‘Cyclone and bioturbation effects on sediments from coral reef lagoons’, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, vol. 27, pp. 687-695. 
Roberts, C.M., Bohnsack, J.A., Gell, F., Hawkins, J.P., Goodrodge, R. 2001, ‘Effects of marine reserves on adjacent fisheries’ Science vol. 30, pp. 1920-1923.
Roberts, C.M., Hawkins, J.P. 2000, Fully-protected marine reserves: a guide. WWF Endangered Seas Campaign, 1250 24th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20037, USA and Environment Department, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK. 
Russ, G.R., Alcala, A.C. 1996, ‘Do marine reserves export adult fish biomass? Evidence from Apo Island, central Philippines’, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol. 132, pp. 1-9. 
Russ, G.R., Alcala, A.C., Maypa, A.P. 2003, ‘Spillover from marine reserves: the case of Naso vlamingii at Apo Island, the Philippines’. Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol. 264, pp. 15-20.
van Woesik, R. 1993, Coral assemblages on continental islands in the southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia: Report to the GBRMPA. 
van Woesik, R., de Vantier, L. 1992, Resource Assessment of Nearshore Coral communities in the Whitsunday region: Report to the Qld Dept of Environment and Heritage. 
Ward, T. J., Vanderklift, M.A., Nicholls, A.O., Kenchington, R.A. 1999, ‘Selecting marine reserves using habitats and species assemblages for biological diversity’. Ecological Applications, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 691 – 698.
Ward, T., Hegerl, E. 2003, ‘Marine Protected Areas in Ecosystem-based Management of Fisheries’, A report for the Department of the Environment and Heritage. http://www.iucn.org/themes/wcpa/biome/marine/03_04_marinenews5.pdf
Williams, L.E. 2002, Queensland’s fisheries resources: current condition and recent trends 1988-2000. Information Series QI02012, Department of Primary Industries.
Williamson, D. 2000, An assessment of the Effectiveness of Management Zoning in Protecting Reef Fish Stocks of the Palm Islands and the Whitsunday Islands, Central Section, Great Barrier Reef, JCU. 
Williamson, D.H., Russ, G.R., Ayling, A.M. 2004, ‘No-take marine reserves increase abundance and biomass of reef fish on inshore fringing reefs of the Great Barrier Reef’, Environmental conservation, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 149-159. 
Wolanski, E., King, B. 1990, ‘Flushing of Bowden Reef Lagoon, Great Barrier Reef’, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, vol. 31, pp. 789-804. 
Woolfe, K., Larcombe, P., Orpin, A.R., Purdon, R.G., Michaelsen, P., McIntyre, C.M., Amjad, N. 1998, ‘Controls upon inner-shelf sedimentation, Cape York Peninsula, in the region of 12 degrees south’, Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, vol. 45, pp. 611-621.