RESEARCH PAPER SERIES, 2020–21   29 January 2021

State Statistical Bulletin 2019-20

Gregory O'Brien

Statistics and Mapping

1  

2 Executive summary

• This paper, a companion to the Monthly Statistical Bulletin published by the Parliamentary Library, provides tables and charts for a broad range of social, demographic and economic indicators across all Australian states and territories, and compares these with Australian averages.

• Each table presents data for the last five years to 2019–20 (or the latest data available), while each chart plots data for the financial year 2019–20 (or the latest data available).

• Data used is the latest available as at October 1 2020.

3  

4 Introduction

The purpose of this paper is to present a range of economic and other statistical indicators for the states and territories of Australia. To facilitate comparisons, indicators are presented in relative terms such as growth rates, percentages, or proportions of gross state product, so comparisons can be made using equivalent measures.

This publication is a companion to the Monthly Statistical Bulletin which contains Australia-wide data only, but on a more frequent basis.

A glossary of social, demographic and economic terms used in the tables is provided at the end of this publication.

Data Sources

Data sources are listed at the bottom of the page for each indicator. All data is from an original ABS series unless otherwise indicated as a trend or seasonally adjusted series.

Historical Data

Long-term data series for every table in this paper and for the Parliamentary Library’s companion publication, the Monthly Statistical Bulletin, are available electronically and can be found on the Parliamentary Library’s Monthly Statistical Bulletin and State Statistical Bulletin pages.

Contents

Executive summary

Introduction

Chapter 1: Labour Market

Chapter 2: Wages and Prices

Chapter 3: State Accounts

Chapter 4: Business Conditions

Chapter 5: Housing

Chapter 6: Public Sector Finances

Chapter 7: Exports

Chapter 8: Social Statistics

Glossary

Chapter 1: Labour Market

1.1 Employment

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Number employed (a) – '000

New South Wales

3 783.7

3 826.1

3 947.0

4 076.9

4 072.5

Victoria

3 034.2

3 155.9

3 244.1

3 354.3

3 393.4

Queensland

2 362.5

2 366.6

2 464.3

2 500.5

2 514.0

South Australia

807.1

818.0

835.8

848.0

843.1

Western Australia

1 316.0

1 303.6

1 332.0

1 344.7

1 348.4

Tasmania

239.0

241.0

248.3

248.9

252.1

Northern Territory

134.6

138.8

137.3

132.7

131.7

Australian Capital Territory

214.7

220.7

228.4

227.9

233.4

Australia

11 891.7

12 070.7

12 437.3

12 733.8

12 788.8

Annual change – per cent

New South Wales

3.7

1.1

3.2

3.3

-0.1

Victoria

2.7

4.0

2.8

3.4

1.2

Queensland

1.6

0.2

4.1

1.5

0.5

South Australia

0.5

1.3

2.2

1.5

-0.6

Western Australia

-0.5

-0.9

2.2

0.9

0.3

Tasmania

-0.3

0.8

3.0

0.2

1.3

Northern Territory

1.7

3.1

-1.1

-3.4

-0.7

Australian Capital Territory

1.5

2.8

3.4

-0.2

2.4

Australia

2.2

1.5

3.0

2.4

0.4

(a) Total full-time and part-time employed; Annual average of monthly data.

Source: ABS, Labour Force, Australia, Detailed, August 2020

5  

1.2 Unemployment

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Number unemployed (a) – '000

New South Wales

215.8

199.5

200.5

189.5

216.1

Victoria

191.6

198.8

193.8

163.2

193.1

Queensland

155.1

156.1

158.4

162.6

173.2

South Australia

63.1

58.9

51.9

52.1

60.4

Western Australia

83.1

85.6

85.8

87.9

87.2

Tasmania

16.5

15.7

15.7

16.7

15.8

Northern Territory

5.8

4.9

6.0

6.3

7.8

Australian Capital Territory

10.3

8.8

9.4

8.5

8.2

Australia

741.2

728.3

721.6

686.7

761.7

Unemployment rate (b) – per cent

New South Wales

5.2

4.8

4.7

4.6

6.9

Victoria

5.7

5.9

5.5

4.8

7.5

Queensland

6.2

6.3

5.8

6.4

7.7

South Australia

7.4

6.8

5.5

6.1

8.8

Western Australia

5.9

5.7

6.2

5.8

8.7

Tasmania

6.6

5.5

5.8

6.7

6.9

Northern Territory

3.6

3.1

4.3

4.4

5.3

Australian Capital Territory

3.1

4.7

3.2

2.3

4.1

Australia

5.7

5.6

5.3

5.2

7.4

(a) Annual average of monthly data.

(b) Number unemployed as a proportion of the labour force, seasonally adjusted (original ACT and NT) terms, as at June of financial year.

Source: ABS, Labour Force, August 2020

6  

1.3 Labour force

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Labour force (a) – '000

New South Wales

3 999.5

4 025.6

4 147.5

4 266.5

4 289.8

Victoria

3 225.7

3 354.7

3 437.9

3 517.5

3 586.6

Queensland

2 517.6

2 522.7

2 622.7

2 663.0

2 687.8

South Australia

870.2

876.9

887.7

900.1

904.0

Western Australia

1 399.0

1 389.2

1 417.9

1 432.7

1 436.7

Tasmania

255.5

256.7

264.1

265.6

268.0

Northern Territory

140.4

143.8

143.3

138.9

139.7

Australian Capital Territory

224.9

229.5

237.7

236.4

241.7

Australia

12 632.9

12 799.0

13 158.8

13 420.6

13 554.3

Participation rate (b) – per cent

New South Wales

64.2

63.7

65.1

65.9

63.7

Victoria

65.4

66.1

65.7

66.1

64.6

Queensland

64.8

65.1

65.9

65.8

63.3

South Australia

62.2

62.6

62.7

63.2

61.8

Western Australia

67.3

67.9

68.5

68.6

66.6

Tasmania

59.6

61.3

61.2

60.2

59.2

Northern Territory

76.0

74.3

77.7

71.1

71.9

Australian Capital Territory

70.2

71.0

71.5

70.9

71.3

Australia

64.9

65.1

65.7

66.0

64.0

(a) Annual average of monthly data.

(b) Labour force as a proportion of the civilian population aged 15 years and over, seasonally adjusted (original for ACT/NT) series, as at June.

Source: ABS, Labour Force, November 2020

1.4 Youth Unemployment

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Number unemployed (a) – '000

New South Wales

76.4

76.8

71.0

69.8

75.9

Victoria

70.4

72.3

70.2

59.8

65.3

Queensland

57.4

59.5

61.5

61.3

69.0

South Australia

22.1

22.6

19.9

19.8

20.9

Western Australia

25.4

28.7

31.7

30.8

29.9

Tasmania

6.6

6.4

6.3

6.6

5.4

Northern Territory

1.7

1.7

2.1

1.9

2.4

Australian Capital Territory

4.1

4.2

3.8

3.4

3.3

Australia

264.1

272.2

266.6

253.5

272.0

Unemployment rate (a) – per cent

New South Wales

11.6

11.8

10.4

10.0

11.4

Victoria

13.2

13.2

12.7

10.6

11.8

Queensland

12.8

13.5

13.0

13.1

15.2

South Australia

15.2

15.7

14.0

13.2

14.3

Western Australia

11.1

12.8

14.4

14.0

13.7

Tasmania

15.2

14.8

14.5

15.5

12.7

Northern Territory

7.8

7.8

10.0

10.1

13.2

Australian Capital Territory

11.5

10.9

10.0

8.7

8.1

Australia

12.5

12.9

12.3

11.5

12.7

(a) 15-24 year olds, financial year average of monthly data, original terms.

Source: ABS, Labour Force, November 2020

1.5 Underemployment

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Number underemployed (a) – '000

New South Wales

316.6

319.4

334.7

326.5

392.7

Victoria

290.3

301.0

285.6

287.3

344.8

Queensland

209.6

214.9

231.1

233.0

251.8

South Australia

88.1

87.9

84.7

81.2

95.0

Western Australia

121.6

135.9

131.1

132.3

143.5

Tasmania

24.3

24.9

26.9

26.4

31.6

Northern Territory

7.0

7.4

6.3

6.9

9.5

Australian Capital Territory

14.4

13.8

14.1

14.5

14.8

Australia

1 071.8

1 105.2

1 114.5

1 108.0

1 283.8

Underemployment rate (b) – per cent

New South Wales

7.9

7.9

8.1

7.7

9.2

Victoria

9.0

9.0

8.3

8.2

9.6

Queensland

8.3

8.5

8.8

8.7

9.4

South Australia

10.1

10.0

9.5

9.0

10.5

Western Australia

8.7

9.8

9.2

9.2

10.0

Tasmania

9.5

9.7

10.2

9.9

11.8

Northern Territory

5.0

5.1

4.4

5.0

6.8

Australian Capital Territory

6.4

6.0

5.9

6.2

6.1

Australia

8.5

8.6

8.5

8.3

9.5

(a) Annual average of monthly data.

(b) Number underemployed as a proportion of the labour force, trend terms, as at June of financial year.

Source: ABS, Labour Force, November 2020

7 Chapter 2: Wages and Prices

2.1 Average weekly ordinary time earnings

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

AWOTE (a) (b) – $ per week

New South Wales

1 534.2

1 540.8

1 596.0

1 643.1

1 714.6

Victoria

1 439.7

1 503.9

1 534.8

1 588.6

1 677.9

Queensland

1 453.5

1 489.1

1 534.9

1 575.6

1 627.4

South Australia

1 395.5

1 446.8

1 445.1

1 468.7

1 513.4

Western Australia

1 703.7

1 709.0

1 741.6

1 769.0

1 809.3

Tasmania

1 326.7

1 349.0

1 367.8

1 410.0

1 469.0

Northern Territory

1 561.4

1 627.5

1 658.2

1 666.8

1 693.4

Australian Capital Territory

1 720.5

1 760.6

1 806.6

1 811.5

1 845.6

Australia

1 508.3

1 538.3

1 577.5

1 620.2

1 686.2

Annual change – per cent

New South Wales

2.1

0.4

3.6

3.0

4.3

Victoria

3.1

4.5

2.1

3.5

5.6

Queensland

0.3

2.4

3.1

2.7

3.3

South Australia

3.6

3.7

-0.1

1.6

3.0

Western Australia

1.3

0.3

1.9

1.6

2.3

Tasmania

3.8

1.7

1.4

3.1

4.2

Northern Territory

5.2

4.2

1.9

0.5

1.6

Australian Capital Territory

0.9

2.3

2.6

0.3

1.9

Australia

1.9

2.0

2.5

2.7

4.1

(a) Annual average of bi-annual data.

(b) Average weekly ordinary time earnings for full-time adult employees.

Care should be taken when comparing average weekly earnings of states over time due to compositional changes.

Source: ABS, Average Weekly Earnings, May 2020

2.2 Real average weekly ordinary time earnings

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Real AWOTE (a) (b) – $ per week

New South Wales

1 640.5

1 615.0

1 639.3

1 660.2

1 714.6

Victoria

1 549.4

1 588.5

1 585.2

1 613.1

1 675.7

Queensland

1 559.3

1 571.1

1 591.9

1 608.1

1 641.8

South Australia

1 515.2

1 547.5

1 511.3

1 512.5

1 531.1

Western Australia

1 833.2

1 827.0

1 844.9

1 850.0

1 867.0

Tasmania

1 453.4

1 451.2

1 440.8

1 448.6

1 473.7

Northern Territory

1 675.4

1 744.0

1 759.5

1 752.6

1 777.7

Australian Capital Territory

1 887.9

1 896.1

1 900.5

1 866.0

1 878.3

Australia

1 621.4

1 625.9

1 635.8

1 652.8

1 697.4

Annual change – per cent

New South Wales

0.6

-1.6

1.5

1.3

3.3

Victoria

1.5

2.5

-0.2

1.8

3.9

Queensland

-1.3

0.8

1.3

1.0

2.1

South Australia

2.7

2.1

-2.3

0.1

1.2

Western Australia

0.3

-0.3

1.0

0.3

0.9

Tasmania

2.4

-0.2

-0.7

0.5

1.7

Northern Territory

5.1

4.1

0.9

-0.4

1.4

Australian Capital Territory

0.2

0.4

0.2

-1.8

0.7

Australia

0.5

0.3

0.6

1.0

2.7

(a) Annual average.

(b) Average weekly ordinary time earnings for full-time adult employees expressed in average 2019–20 dollars; converted to real terms using the Consumer Price Index.

Care should be taken when comparing average weekly earnings of states over time due to compositional changes.

Sources: ABS, Average Weekly Earnings, May 2020; ABS, Consumer Price Index, Sept 2020

8  

2.3 Male total average weekly earnings

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

MTAWE (a) (b) – $ per week

New South Wales

1 409.3

1 426.8

1 452.7

1 505.6

1 551.5

Victoria

1 294.4

1 332.5

1 368.5

1 407.1

1 471.1

Queensland

1 345.2

1 370.3

1 421.8

1 443.6

1 486.0

South Australia

1 250.5

1 288.9

1 269.3

1 277.3

1 327.8

Western Australia

1 634.7

1 637.7

1 649.4

1 643.0

1 710.4

Tasmania

1 163.9

1 188.5

1 248.7

1 265.1

1 282.9

Northern Territory

1 586.9

1 658.7

1 687.5

1 572.8

1 602.7

Australian Capital Territory

1 526.1

1 537.1

1 615.9

1 640.6

1 597.0

Australia

1 385.0

1 407.6

1 436.6

1 468.1

1 518.0

Annual change – per cent

New South Wales

2.5

1.2

1.8

3.6

3.0

Victoria

1.5

2.9

2.7

2.8

4.6

Queensland

1.7

1.9

3.8

1.5

2.9

South Australia

0.5

3.1

-1.5

0.6

4.0

Western Australia

-3.0

0.2

0.7

-0.4

4.1

Tasmania

0.5

2.1

5.1

1.3

1.4

Northern Territory

7.8

4.5

1.7

-6.8

1.9

Australian Capital Territory

0.4

0.7

5.1

1.5

-2.7

Australia

1.1

1.6

2.1

2.2

3.4

(a) Annual average of bi-annual data.

(b) Total average weekly earnings for all male employees. Not adjusted for CPI.

Source: ABS, Average Weekly Earnings, May 2020

9  

2.4 Female total average weekly earnings

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

FTAWE (a) (b) – $ per week

New South Wales

962.6

977.5

1 020.4

1 052.2

1 082.4

Victoria

878.5

910.0

950.8

991.1

1 054.3

Queensland

895.7

892.2

906.9

967.5

1 032.6

South Australia

825.0

866.9

886.7

907.1

955.1

Western Australia

954.2

980.4

971.5

964.1

1 026.4

Tasmania

774.0

818.0

829.8

854.5

898.2

Northern Territory

1 071.9

1 118.2

1 158.9

1 190.7

1 250.9

Australian Capital Territory

1 219.2

1 221.7

1 234.9

1 291.2

1 375.4

Australia

920.3

939.6

967.9

1 003.6

1 055.4

Annual change – per cent

New South Wales

5.1

1.5

4.4

3.1

2.9

Victoria

3.2

3.6

4.5

4.2

6.4

Queensland

1.2

-0.4

1.7

6.7

6.7

South Australia

-3.5

5.1

2.3

2.3

5.3

Western Australia

0.0

2.7

-0.9

-0.8

6.5

Tasmania

-0.9

5.7

1.4

3.0

5.1

Northern Territory

4.0

4.3

3.6

2.7

5.1

Australian Capital Territory

2.9

0.2

1.1

4.6

6.5

Australia

2.5

2.1

3.0

3.7

5.2

(a) Annual average of bi-annual data.

(b) Total average weekly earnings for all female employees. Not adjusted for CPI.

Source: ABS, Average Weekly Earnings, May 2020

10  

2.5 Wage price index

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Wage price index (a) (b)

New South Wales

122.4

124.9

127.5

130.6

133.2

Victoria

123.1

125.6

128.5

131.9

135.1

Queensland

122.8

125.1

127.9

130.8

133.3

South Australia

123.1

125.8

128.4

131.2

134.3

Western Australia

124.7

126.5

128.3

130.3

132.5

Tasmania

122.7

125.4

128.3

131.6

134.7

Northern Territory

124.1

126.7

128.3

131.0

134.0

Australian Capital Territory

121.7

124.0

126.4

129.0

132.0

Australia

123.0

125.4

127.9

130.9

133.7

Annual change – per cent

New South Wales

2.2

2.0

2.1

2.4

2.0

Victoria

2.3

2.0

2.3

2.6

2.4

Queensland

1.9

1.9

2.2

2.3

1.9

South Australia

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.2

2.4

Western Australia

1.9

1.4

1.4

1.6

1.7

Tasmania

2.3

2.2

2.3

2.6

2.4

Northern Territory

2.2

2.1

1.3

2.1

2.3

Australian Capital Territory

1.7

1.9

1.9

2.1

2.3

Australia

2.2

2.0

2.0

2.3

2.1

(a) Index value at June of the financial year.

(b) Total hourly rate of pay index excluding bonuses, all sectors. Base: 2008–09 = 100.0.

Source: ABS, Wage Price Index, June 2020

11  

12  

2.6 Consumer price index

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Consumer price index (a)

Sydney

108.9

111.1

113.4

115.2

116.4

Melbourne

108.2

110.2

112.7

114.7

116.6

Brisbane

108.5

110.4

112.3

114.1

115.4

Adelaide

107.2

108.9

111.3

113.1

115.1

Perth

108.2

108.9

109.9

111.3

112.8

Hobart

106.3

108.2

110.5

113.3

116.1

Darwin

108.5

108.7

109.7

110.7

110.9

Canberra

106.1

108.1

110.7

113.0

114.4

Weighted average eight
capital cities

108.3

110.2

112.3

114.1

115.7

Annual change – per cent (b)

Sydney

1.5

2.0

2.0

1.7

1.0

Melbourne

1.6

1.9

2.3

1.7

1.7

Brisbane

1.6

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.2

Adelaide

0.9

1.5

2.3

1.5

1.8

Perth

1.0

0.6

0.9

1.3

1.3

Hobart

1.4

1.8

2.1

2.5

2.4

Darwin

0.1

0.1

1.0

0.9

0.2

Canberra

0.7

1.9

2.4

2.1

1.2

Weighted average eight
capital cities

1.4

1.7

1.9

1.6

1.3

(a) Annual average of quarterly data; base year for CPI is 2011-12.

(b) Change in the annual averages of table above.

Source: ABS, Consumer Price Index, September 2020

13 Chapter 3: State Accounts

3.1 Gross state product

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Gross state product, chain volume measures – $ million

New South Wales

582 845

598 969

613 142

629 117

624 923

Victoria

416 614

432 526

447 294

461 248

458 895

Queensland

341 765

350 440

364 215

367 468

363 524

South Australia

104 498

106 110

108 639

109 843

108 334

Western Australia

280 621

277 044

283 702

288 225

292 284

Tasmania

29 654

30 019

30 975

31 993

32 102

Northern Territory

24 346

24 698

25 149

24 830

26 153

Australian Capital Territory

35 692

37 077

38 510

39 956

40 902

Australia

1 814 866

1 856 619

1 911 376

1 952 680

1 947 118

Annual change – per cent

New South Wales

3.7

2.8

2.4

2.6

-0.7

Victoria

3.5

3.8

3.4

3.1

-0.5

Queensland

2.4

2.5

3.9

0.9

-1.1

South Australia

0.5

1.5

2.4

1.1

-1.4

Western Australia

0.9

-1.3

2.4

1.6

1.4

Tasmania

1.9

1.2

3.2

3.3

0.3

Northern Territory

2.0

1.4

1.8

-1.3

5.3

Australian Capital Territory

4.3

3.9

3.9

3.8

2.4

Australia

2.8

2.3

2.9

2.2

-0.3

Note: Gross state product is only published on a financial year basis.

Source: ABS, Australian National Accounts: State Accounts, 2019-20

3.2 Gross state product per capita

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Gross state product per capita, chain volume measures (a) – $

New South Wales

75 976

76 773

77 419

78 267

76 876

Victoria

68 375

69 261

70 031

70 647

68 996

Queensland

71 128

71 755

73 385

72 756

70 862

South Australia

61 255

61 786

62 852

63 003

61 582

Western Australia

110 145

108 064

109 853

110 607

110 752

Tasmania

57 504

57 749

59 004

60 154

59 779

Northern Territory

99 743

100 323

101 876

101 057

106 851

Australian Capital Territory

89 483

90 988

92 600

94 408

95 695

Australia

75 677

76 138

77 169

77 587

76 305

Annual change – per cent

New South Wales

2.3

1.0

0.8

1.1

-1.8

Victoria

1.2

1.3

1.1

0.9

-2.3

Queensland

1.2

0.9

2.3

-0.9

-2.6

South Australia

-0.2

0.9

1.7

0.2

-2.3

Western Australia

0.2

-1.9

1.7

0.7

0.1

Tasmania

1.6

0.4

2.2

1.9

-0.6

Northern Territory

1.4

0.6

1.5

-0.8

5.7

Australian Capital Territory

2.5

1.7

1.8

2.0

1.4

Australia

1.3

0.6

1.4

0.5

-1.7

Note: Gross state product is only published on a financial year basis.

Source: ABS, Australian National Accounts: State Accounts, 2019-20

3.3 Labour productivity

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Gross State Product per hour worked, $

New South Wales

389.4

406.7

404.1

395.4

398.6

Victoria

356.2

361.1

368.1

358.1

362.8

Queensland

363.2

379.3

380.5

373.4

375.9

South Australia

342.1

347.9

350.3

340.2

348.8

Western Australia

540.1

550.3

554.1

543.6

561.4

Tasmania

331.7

339.2

343.8

348.4

358.2

Northern Territory

420.4

428.9

443.6

447.2

492.7

Australian Capital Territory

434.7

453.6

453.0

463.4

472.3

Australia

389.3

400.9

402.9

394.5

400.6

Annual change – per cent

New South Wales

-2.2

4.4

-0.7

-2.1

0.8

Victoria

-1.7

1.4

1.9

-2.7

1.3

Queensland

0.3

4.4

0.3

-1.9

0.7

South Australia

0.3

1.7

0.7

-2.9

2.5

Western Australia

2.2

1.9

0.7

-1.9

3.3

Tasmania

-0.4

2.3

1.4

1.3

2.8

Northern Territory

-1.2

2.0

3.4

0.8

10.2

Australian Capital Territory

0.7

4.3

-0.1

2.3

1.9

Australia

-0.9

3.0

0.5

-2.1

1.6

(a) Gross state product (chain volume measures) per hour worked, all sectors (i.e. market and non-market sectors).

Note: Gross state product is only published on a financial year basis.

Source: ABS, Australian National Accounts: State Accounts, 2019-20; ABS, Labour Force, Australia, Detailed, November 2020

14 Chapter 4: Business Conditions

4.1 Value of retail sales

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Value (a) – $ million

New South Wales

96 088

99 281

102 074

104 233

105 594

Victoria

75 235

77 704

81 125

85 009

86 931

Queensland

60 162

61 883

62 498

64 841

68 691

South Australia

19 400

20 160

20 794

21 270

21 923

Western Australia

33 968

34 035

33 976

34 113

35 867

Tasmania

5 910

6 128

6 301

6 542

6 943

Northern Territory

3 120

3 125

3 155

3 098

3 211

Australian Capital Territory

5 410

5 676

5 803

6 027

6 269

Australia

299 293

307 993

315 725

325 133

335 428

Annual change – per cent

New South Wales

5.3

3.3

2.8

2.1

1.3

Victoria

5.6

3.3

4.4

4.8

2.3

Queensland

2.7

2.9

1.0

3.7

5.9

South Australia

4.0

3.9

3.1

2.3

3.1

Western Australia

2.1

0.2

-0.2

0.4

5.1

Tasmania

4.8

3.7

2.8

3.8

6.1

Northern Territory

1.6

0.2

1.0

-1.8

3.6

Australian Capital Territory

5.5

4.9

2.2

3.9

4.0

Australia

4.4

2.9

2.5

3.0

3.2

Source: ABS, Retail Trade Australia, November 2020

15  

4.2 Dwelling approvals

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Number (a)

New South Wales

73 489

73 021

72 743

57 597

48 215

Victoria

68 082

66 080

75 831

60 327

60 186

Queensland

51 144

43 237

43 244

33 106

30 237

South Australia

12 591

11 504

12 820

10 740

11 770

Western Australia

24 650

20 367

18 373

15 423

14 334

Tasmania

2 448

2 248

2 852

3 176

3 193

Northern Territory

1 703

912

773

680

583

Australian Capital Territory

4 677

5 525

5 664

6 132

4 928

Australia

238 784

222 894

232 300

187 181

173 446

Annual change – per cent

New South Wales

15.9

-0.6

-0.4

-20.8

-16.3

Victoria

0.6

-2.9

14.8

-20.4

-0.2

Queensland

9.5

-15.5

0.0

-23.4

-8.7

South Australia

10.4

-8.6

11.4

-16.2

9.6

Western Australia

-24.6

-17.4

-9.8

-16.1

-7.1

Tasmania

-14.8

-8.2

26.9

11.4

0.5

Northern Territory

-6.1

-46.4

-15.2

-12.0

-14.3

Australian Capital Territory

9.8

18.1

2.5

8.3

-19.6

Australia

3.4

-6.7

4.2

-19.4

-7.3

(a) Houses and other dwellings (e.g. flats) intended for long-term residential use; includes both private and public sector dwellings.

Source: ABS, Building Approvals, November 2020

16  

4.3 Business investment

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Chain volume measures (a) – $ million

New South Wales

56 521

56 302

62 263

65 455

62 152

Victoria

42 533

43 659

48 436

51 895

49 920

Queensland

41 139

41 186

46 327

42 481

40 120

South Australia

11 437

9 086

13 175

12 980

12 245

Western Australia

54 488

38 712

38 429

34 989

38 282

Tasmania

2 393

2 482

3 061

3 109

2 975

Northern Territory

7 295

9 520

7 980

3 226

2 462

Australian Capital Territory

2 383

2 595

2 673

2 732

3 183

Australia

218 027

203 458

222 325

216 867

211 340

Annual change – per cent

New South Wales

1.6

-0.4

10.6

5.1

-5.0

Victoria

0.2

2.6

10.9

7.1

-3.8

Queensland

-25.4

0.1

12.5

-8.3

-5.6

South Australia

-11.3

-20.6

45.0

-1.5

-5.7

Western Australia

-19.6

-29.0

-0.7

-9.0

9.4

Tasmania

-6.9

3.7

23.3

1.6

-4.3

Northern Territory

-24.0

30.5

-16.2

-59.6

-23.7

Australian Capital Territory

2.5

8.9

3.0

2.2

16.5

Australia

-12.1

-6.7

9.3

-2.5

-2.5

(a) Private business gross fixed capital formation for other buildings and structures, machinery and equipment, livestock and intangible fixed assets.

Note: National account data is only available for financial years.

Source: Australian National Accounts: State Accounts, 2019-20

17 Chapter 5: Housing

5.1 Lending for owner occupied housing

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Value (a) – $ million

New South Wales

51 296

52 018

56 429

47 417

54 156

Victoria

43 604

44 600

51 431

44 971

49 525

Queensland

27 996

29 585

30 051

26 625

28 154

South Australia

8 789

9 077

9 077

9 002

9 035

Western Australia

16 800

15 482

14 734

12 759

13 072

Tasmania

1 963

2 297

2 488

2 624

2 589

Northern Territory

1 046

945

920

809

719

Australian Capital Territory

3 307

3 528

4 047

3 756

4 127

Australia

154 800

157 532

169 175

147 964

161 378

Annual change – per cent

New South Wales

26.2

1.4

8.5

-16.0

14.2

Victoria

22.5

2.3

15.3

-12.6

10.1

Queensland

5.3

5.7

1.6

-11.4

5.7

South Australia

6.9

3.3

0.0

-0.8

0.4

Western Australia

-13.2

-7.8

-4.8

-13.4

2.4

Tasmania

0.8

17.0

8.3

5.5

-1.3

Northern Territory

-20.4

-9.6

-2.7

-12.0

-11.1

Australian Capital Territory

10.9

6.7

14.7

-7.2

9.9

Australia

13.3

1.8

7.4

-12.5

9.1

(a) Lending commitments by all types of lenders for the construction and purchase of new or established owner occupied dwellings.

Source: ABS, Lending Indicators, October 2020

Chapter 6: Public Sector Finances

6.1 General government sector fiscal balance

2014-15

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

General government sector fiscal balance (a) – $ million

New South Wales

612

71

- 503

-3 061

-8 992

Victoria

- 423

55

-2 026

-6 164

-5 909

Queensland

- 659

- 478

1 332

- 108

-2 358

South Australia

- 122

94

-2 324

- 889

192

Western Australia

-1 914

-3 442

-3 941

-1 981

281

Tasmania

- 55

45

680

- 81

- 243

Northern Territory

- 121

- 22

- 469

- 703

- 876

Australian Capital Territory

- 912

- 627

- 209

- 238

-1 429

Total (b)

-3 595

-4 317

-7 467

-13 226

-19 365

General government sector fiscal balance – percentage of gross state product

New South Wales

0.1

0.0

-0.1

-0.5

-1.4

Victoria

-0.1

0.0

-0.5

-1.4

-1.3

Queensland

-0.2

-0.2

0.4

0.0

-0.6

South Australia

-0.1

0.1

-2.3

-0.8

0.2

Western Australia

-0.8

-1.4

-1.6

-0.8

0.1

Tasmania

-0.2

0.2

2.3

-0.3

-0.7

Northern Territory

-0.5

-0.1

-1.8

-2.7

-3.2

Australian Capital Territory

-2.6

-1.7

-0.6

-0.6

-3.4

Total (c)

-0.2

-0.3

-0.4

-0.7

-1.0

(a) The financing requirement of government. A positive sign, or fiscal surplus, indicates a net lending position; a negative sign, or fiscal deficit, indicates a net borrowing position.

(b) The sum of all state and territory jurisdictions may not agree with the total, due to transfers between jurisdictions.

(c) Total or aggregate fiscal balance for all jurisdictions is expressed as a percentage of gross state product.

Sources: ABS, Government Finance Statistics, 2018-19

6.2 State and local government taxation revenue

2014-15

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

General government sector taxation revenue – $ million

New South Wales

30 350

33 426

35 150

35 661

36 062

Victoria

22 904

24 776

26 533

28 254

29 191

Queensland

16 043

16 168

16 708

17 195

18 293

South Australia

5 765

5 871

5 935

6 130

6 207

Western Australia

10 784

11 150

10 757

10 839

11 005

Tasmania

1 360

1 428

1 477

1 547

1 604

Northern Territory

828

729

737

770

801

Australian Capital Territory

1 377

1 568

1 695

1 718

1 934

Total (a)

89 411

95 115

98 992

102 113

105 098

General government sector taxation revenue per capita - $

New South Wales

3 985

4 323

4 467

4 469

4 458

Victoria

3 803

4 013

4 197

4 372

4 426

Queensland

3 358

3 337

3 391

3 433

3 591

South Australia

3 390

3 428

3 443

3 530

3 543

Western Australia

4 245

4 362

4 179

4 178

4 198

Tasmania

2 640

2 759

2 827

2 928

3 001

Northern Territory

3 384

2 967

2 978

3 117

3 257

Australian Capital Territory

3 479

3 890

4 114

4 087

4 532

Total (b)

3 754

3 932

4 024

4 087

4 143

(a) Total is the sum of taxation revenue from all state and local government sources, not taxation revenue for Australia as it excludes Commonwealth taxation.

(b) Total is the quotient of total taxation revenue (a) and the population of Australia. This is not equivalent to the taxation revenue per capita for Australia as Commonwealth taxation is excluded.

Source: ABS, Taxation Revenue, 2018-19

18 Chapter 7: Exports

7.1 Merchandise exports

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Merchandise exports (a) – $ million

New South Wales

36 193

44 078

47 597

53 820

48 858

Victoria

23 323

24 729

26 824

28 148

28 386

Queensland

47 867

66 485

74 263

87 249

76 231

South Australia

11 567

11 432

12 042

11 716

11 113

Western Australia

99 635

120 398

129 698

162 318

184 320

Tasmania

2 848

2 758

3 675

3 658

3 645

Northern Territory

4 701

4 898

5 721

9 412

12 392

Australian Capital Territory

14

21

23

17

81

Australia (b)

243 423

290 880

314 479

372 621

382 105

Merchandise exports – percentage of gross state product

New South Wales

6.7

7.6

7.9

8.6

7.8

Victoria

5.9

5.9

6.1

6.1

6.1

Queensland

15.8

20.2

21.2

23.7

21.1

South Australia

11.6

11.2

11.3

10.7

10.0

Western Australia

41.8

48.4

50.4

56.3

58.3

Tasmania

10.1

9.5

12.1

11.4

11.1

Northern Territory

21.4

21.3

24.1

37.9

47.7

Australian Capital Territory

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.2

Australia (b)

14.7

16.5

17.0

19.1

19.2

(a) State in which the final stage of manufacture or production occurs. FOB value.

(b) Includes re-exports and state figures not available for publication. Australian total, therefore, may not equal sum of states and territories.

Note: This table is based on national accounts data.

Sources: ABS, International Trade in Goods and Services, Nov 2020; ABS, Australian National Accounts: State Accounts, 2019-20

Chapter 8: Social Statistics

8.1 Population

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Population (a) – '000

New South Wales

7 732.9

7 867.9

7 980.2

8 087.4

8 164.1

Victoria

6 173.2

6 321.6

6 462.0

6 596.9

6 694.9

Queensland

4 845.2

4 927.6

5 009.4

5 093.9

5 174.4

South Australia

1 712.8

1 723.9

1 736.5

1 752.7

1 769.3

Western Australia

2 556.0

2 574.2

2 594.2

2 623.3

2 661.9

Tasmania

517.5

522.4

528.3

534.6

540.6

Northern Territory

245.7

247.5

247.1

246.1

246.0

Australian Capital Territory

403.1

412.0

420.4

426.3

431.1

Australia

24 190.9

24 601.9

24 982.7

25 365.7

25 687.0

Annual change – per cent

New South Wales

1.5

1.7

1.4

1.3

0.9

Victoria

2.5

2.4

2.2

2.1

1.5

Queensland

1.4

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.6

South Australia

0.7

0.6

0.7

0.9

0.9

Western Australia

0.6

0.7

0.8

1.1

1.5

Tasmania

0.5

0.9

1.1

1.2

1.1

Northern Territory

0.4

0.7

-0.2

-0.4

-0.1

Australian Capital Territory

1.8

2.2

2.0

1.4

1.1

Australia

1.6

1.7

1.5

1.5

1.3

(a) Estimated resident population numbers are as at June of each year.

Source: ABS, National, state and territory population, June 2020

8.2 Capped apparent school retention rates

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

Apparent retention rates from Year 10 to Year 12 (a)

New South Wales

77.5

77.2

77.5

76.3

75.8

Victoria

84.8

85.0

85.3

84.7

83.3

Queensland

86.7

87.3

87.8

87.8

88.1

South Australia

92.2

94.5

91.7

90.8

89.1

Western Australia

81.0

80.5

83.1

85.0

85.5

Tasmania

72.1

70.8

71.5

73.2

74.3

Northern Territory

63.8

64.2

70.2

65.1

64.1

Australian Capital Territory

95.1

92.2

92.1

90.0

89.8

Australia

82.7

82.9

83.3

82.8

82.0

Apparent retention rates from Year 7/8 to Year 12 (b)

New South Wales

78.2

78.4

78.9

77.8

77.1

Victoria

86.4

87.9

88.5

88.7

87.4

Queensland

88.4

88.6

89.1

89.2

91.3

South Australia

95.7

97.5

94.7

94.6

93.4

Western Australia

82.8

80.3

82.3

83.3

83.5

Tasmania

71.7

70.4

71.5

74.0

75.5

Northern Territory

53.7

56.7

58.6

52.5

54.3

Australian Capital Territory

96.6

94.0

94.8

92.8

94.0

Australia

84.0

84.3

84.8

84.5

84.0

(a) The number of full-time school students in Year 12 expressed as a percentage of the corresponding group at the commencement of their Year 10 schooling.

(b) The number of full-time school students in Year 12 expressed as a percentage of the corresponding group at the commencement of their secondary schooling.

Source: ABS, Schools, 2019

8.3 General practice bulk billing

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

General practice bulk billing rate (a) – per cent

New South Wales

88.6

88.7

88.9

88.9

89.8

Victoria

84.8

85.2

85.4

85.5

87.2

Queensland

84.5

85.4

85.9

86.0

87.2

South Australia

84.0

84.8

84.9

85.2

86.6

Western Australia

80.2

82.4

84.0

85.3

86.7

Tasmania

76.8

76.6

76.5

76.4

78.3

Northern Territory

87.5

89.0

89.7

89.6

89.5

Australian Capital Territory

60.1

61.9

63.1

64.2

67.9

Australia

85.1

85.7

86.1

86.2

87.5

(a) Proportion of general practitioner attendances (excluding practice nurse), enhanced primary care and other non-referred attendances that are bulk billed.

Note: This data is only published on a financial year basis.

Source: Department of Health and Ageing, Annual Medicare Statistics, 2019-20

19 Glossary

Apparent school retention rate. The number of full-time school students in a designated level/year of education expressed as a percentage of their respective cohort group (which is either at the commencement of their secondary schooling or Year 10). For a discussion of ‘apparent’ retention rates compared to actual retention rates, see the ABS source publication, Schools, Australia, 2014 (cat. no. 4221.0) explanatory notes.

Average weekly earnings. Average gross (before tax) earnings of employees.

Average weekly ordinary time earnings. Weekly earnings attributed to award, standard or agreed hours of work.

Bankruptcies. Bankruptcies and Administration Orders under Parts IV and XI of the Bankruptcy Act 1966.

Business investment. Private gross fixed capital formation for machinery and equipment; non-dwelling construction; livestock; and intangible fixed assets.

Consumer price index. A measure of change in the price of a basket of goods and services from a base period. Changes in the consumer price index are the most commonly used measures of inflation.

Dependency ratio. Ratio of the economically inactive to economically active population. Shows the number of children aged 0–14 years and persons aged 65 years and over, per 100 persons aged 15–64 years.

Employed persons. Persons aged 15 and over who, during a period of one week, worked for one hour or more for pay or worked for one hour or more without pay in a family business or on a family farm.

General government sector. Government departments and other entities that provide largely non-market public services and are funded mainly through taxes and other compulsory levies.

General government sector net debt. Selected liabilities (deposits held plus proceeds from advances plus borrowing) minus selected assets (cash and deposits plus investments plus advances outstanding) of the general government sector.

General government sector fiscal balance. The financing requirement of the general government sector. A positive sign, or fiscal surplus, indicates a net lending position; a negative sign, or fiscal deficit, indicates a net borrowing position.

General practice bulk billing rate. The percentage of general practitioner attendances (excluding practice nurse) that are bulk billed.

Gross domestic product. The total market value of goods and services produced within Australia, after deducting the cost of goods and services used up in the process of production but before deducting for depreciation.

Gross state product. Equivalent to gross domestic product except it refers to production within a state or territory rather than to the nation as a whole.

Gross state product—chain volume measures. Also known as real gross state product, this is a measure used to indicate change in the actual quantity of goods and services produced within a state or territory.

Gross state product per capita. The ratio of the chain volume measure of gross state product to an estimate of the resident population in the state or territory.

Job vacancy. A job available for immediate filling and for which recruitment action has been taken.

Job vacancy rate. The number of job vacancies expressed as a percentage of the number of employee jobs plus the number of job vacancies.

Labour force. The employed plus the unemployed.

Labour force participation rate. The number of persons in the labour force expressed as a percentage of the civilian population aged 15 years and over.

Labour productivity. Gross state product (chain volume measures) per hour worked, all sectors (that is, market and non-market sectors).

Long-term unemployed. Persons unemployed for a period of 52 weeks or more.

Male total average weekly earnings. Weekly ordinary time earnings plus weekly overtime earnings of all male employees. This measure of earnings is used in the process of benchmarking pensions.

Real average weekly earnings. Average weekly earnings adjusted for inflation as measured by the Consumer Price Index.

Total fertility rate. The average number of children females will bear during their lifetime.

Turnover. Includes retail sales; wholesale sales; takings from repairs, meals and hiring of goods; commissions from agency activity; and net takings from gaming machines. Turnover includes the Goods and Services Tax.

Unemployed persons. Persons aged 15 and over who, during a period of one week, were not employed but had actively looked for work in the previous four weeks and were available to start work.

Unemployment rate. The number of unemployed persons expressed as a percentage of the labour force.

Wage price index. A measure of change in the price of labour (that is, wages, salaries and overtime) unaffected by changes in the quality or quantity of work performed.

Youth unemployment. Number of 15–24 year olds looking for full-time work.

Youth unemployment rate. Number of 15–24 year olds looking for full-time work expressed as a percentage of the full-time labour force in the same age group.

© Commonwealth of Australia

Creative Commons

With the exception of the Commonwealth Coat of Arms, and to the extent that copyright subsists in a third party, this publication, its logo and front page design are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Australia licence.

In essence, you are free to copy and communicate this work in its current form for all non-commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the work to the author and abide by the other licence terms. The work cannot be adapted or modified in any way. Content from this publication should be attributed in the following way: Author(s), Title of publication, Series Name and No, Publisher, Date.

To the extent that copyright subsists in third party quotes it remains with the original owner and permission may be required to reuse the material.

Inquiries regarding the licence and any use of the publication are welcome to webmanager@aph.gov.au.

This work has been prepared to support the work of the Australian Parliament using information available at the time of production. The views expressed do not reflect an official position of the Parliamentary Library, nor do they constitute professional legal opinion.

Any concerns or complaints should be directed to the Parliamentary Librarian. Parliamentary Library staff are available to discuss the contents of publications with Senators and Members and their staff. To access this service, clients may contact the author or the Library’s Central Enquiry Point for referral.