Senate Environment, Communications, Information Technology and the Arts References Committee

Inquiry into the Role of Libraries in the Online Environment

The Role of Libraries in the Online Environment (Word Format)

Sent by email to ecita.sen@aph.gov.au

Submission by the Buddhist Discussion Centre (Upwey) Ltd. A.C.N. 005 701 806 A.B.N. 42 611 496 488

33 Brooking Street, Upwey, Victoria, 3158

Telephone/Facsimile: (03) 9754 3334

Email: wbu@bdcu.org.au

Regional Centre of the World Fellowship of Buddhists (Thailand), Associated Institute of the World Buddhist University (Thailand).

Our ref: LAN2 I:\seninq02.doc

16 August 2002

by John D. Hughes, Anita Hughes, Julian Bamford, Rilla Pargeter and Pennie White.

Our contact person: John D. Hughes

Our websites:

www.bdcu.org.au

www.bdcublessings.net.au

www.companyontheweb.com/buddhatext

www.companyontheweb.com/buddhamap

www.bddronline.net.au

www.bsbonline.com.au

www.skybusiness.com/j.d.hughes

www.buyresolved.com.au

We are a peak Buddha Dhamma research library providing online resources. Originally we had eight websites, one of which was provided at no charge. This was www.companyontheweb.com/buddhatext. This free site is about to close on 31 January 2003. This website is copied onto Buddha Dhyana Dana Review Vol. 12 No.3 on both www.bdcu.org.au and www.bddronline.net.au websites.

1.0 Defining strategies to rate our library to meet the changing needs of Australians.

Some years ago we drafted an intelligible set of performance indicators. At the time we felt sure that "super" software being written would trickle down for library use. Accordingly we put our class one definition at a high level in 1998.

We supposed the eye could probably recognise data or an icon in context in 0.1 seconds. So we set up a definition of a first class library such that it could respond to 95% of queries in 1 second;

a second class library responds to 90% of queries in 10 seconds;

a third class library responds to 85% of queries in 100 seconds;

a fourth class library responds to 80% of queries in 1000 seconds;

a fifth class library responds to 75% of queries in 10,000 seconds (2.8 hours);

a sixth class library responds to 70% of queries in 100,000 seconds (28 hours); and so on.

At that time (1998) we rated ourselves as a seventh class library on our query scale. Our first website was set up in 1999. We are now between a second and third class library at our premises.

The scale had the major advantage that we did not have to compare ourselves with others to know where we were.

At the time, by our scale, there was no first class library in Australia. We like specified self-rating models for ease of practical use.

Because of our long-term plans for our library script, we could not find a local equivalent to what we said we would do.

The Australian Buddhanet website was just beginning, without a library function.

Since we found no other groups in Australia were competing in rivalry with this function of our Buddhist Library group, we could not find benchmark comparison figures.

Rating models which are extensions of the simple logistic model of items with more than two ordered categories provide important relationships to the Guttman scale.

2.0 Our need for an articulate interpretation for censorship.

It appears to us that the post industrial society in Australia presents a very complex world where the colour is basically grey. Seldom are issues black and white.

Because there is an unhealthy fascination with anything sexual from the Australian point of view, some persons might wish to practice tantra not knowing that being heedless can cause diminutive problems to become bigger by unwise dedication of merit.

To give some idea of what our e-library had available in 1999, by secret password we found 117 references to tantra in 28 documents - out of 598 selected documents searched containing some 1.6 million words. The set-up searched had a vocabulary of about 35,000 English, Pali, Sanskrit and other words.

We are familiar with classical admonitions that the diamond brothers and sisters ought not disclose tantric teachings to inferior persons as defined. As custodians, we choose not to act heedlessly and have devoted a lot of effort to provide censorship to save time in untangling incontrovertible issues.

Our policy is not to disclose exalted practices to childish, heedless persons mentioned by Shantideva because such persons may cause trauma to themselves. Our disclosure policies are prudent so we cannot be "suckered into trying to meet needs just because they are there".

It is generally held within the Western world that in the evolution of thought, magic represents a lower intellectual stratum (Sir J.G. Frazer, 1900).

This observation is not necessarily true for tantric paths; although there is no doubt they are dangerous for persons of dubious morality. By expedient means, we support this view to protect Buddhist practice, from falling into siddhis (Pali: iddhi). Our vajrayana "hidden" texts are available to selected persons.

"Hidden" texts require the inquiring end-user to be furnished initially with clarification texts; or to confirm the inquirer has a sealed set of Bodhisattva vows or another empowerment.

This cannot be done on our websites.

Our present policy involves selective censorship which means we would not supply such documents on our Internet site.

Our policy is an issue of not sanctioning "new age thinking".

We have no intention of allowing displacement of classification of any of our "traditional" texts.

We do not intend that censorship in the degree of knowledges needed by the end-users of our systems be extreme. For the few persons who may be interested in Vajrayana teaching, they undertake a five year probation period of keeping tantric precepts and not slandering women.

We only mention this information as an example of how a special interest group can be ministered to, because we provide more strata of assistance for users, in the form of catalogue surrogates useful for suggested headings when machine searching.

3.0 The types of thinking skills we wish to promote

Buddha Dhamma teaching becomes feasible for the individual who recognises that his or her present thinking patterns do not entail critical thinking.

When present thoughts are inadequate to distinguish relevant from irrelevant information, claims or reasons, you are ready to learn to search for better types of minds.

These have precise names in Pali. Superior language checklists of many types of minds abound in Abhidhamma documents.

Librarians have familiarity with a non-Buddhist list of thinking skills compiled by Herri and Dillon, published in The Australian Library Journal Vol.41 No.2 - May 1992.

These include: Connecting Arguing Convincing Generating Analysing Capitulating Relating Composing Retracting Associating Sequencing Suggesting Sorting Imagining Comparing Intuiting Predicting Contrasting Projecting Questioning Reconciling Suspending Wondering Rejecting Hazarding Modifying Including Inventing Extending Accommodating Proving Hypothesising Refining Improving Rehearsing Testing Clarifying Reflecting Judging Disrupting Co-Operating Synchronising Harmonising Speculating Contradicting Assimilating Empathising Compromising Refuting Internalising Abstracting Inducing Approximating Selecting Deducing Generalising Alluding Solving Matching

Probing Eliciting Soliciting Synthesising

We spent three years and three moons teaching Prajna Paramitta to classes every Tuesday evening and much of this material has been recorded on audio and video tapes. Over time we intend to transcribe those set of teachings in a style suitable for English as a second language readers with a view to placing these on our website.

We are now planning to spend nine years teaching Abhidhamma. Learning Abhidhamma requires students to use their own energy to learn. Internally, they examine the content of their own mind, not their Teacher's mind nor the mind of others. The student's key reference for the Teachings of Abhidhamma is 'The Essence of Buddha Abhidhamma' by Dr. Tin Mon.

4.0 The present extent of our e-library

The information available to our present e-library extends across: two Local Area Networks - LAN1 and LAN2; two internal emails systems, and some reaches into the superhighway through our websites. Our ISYS search engine and other CGI based search engines give good retrieval time to our internal data warehouses.

Our response time on an ISYS search is a matter of one or two seconds.

The software ISYS was developed in Australia.

We have electronic cataloguing of our library using Organise 6.0 windows version. This has search capabilities. This is a stand alone from the ISYS search engines. It is not on our LAN system.

This organisation site has a search engine with a one second retrieval and summary of record. The name of the CGI script search engine is Entrophy Search.

5.0 The present extent of our library's tutor managers.

It is enjoyable to work in the ambience of our library that contains an image of the Sarasvati (the Devata of Learning).

We introduced the concept of Tutor Managers who administer the tactics of our organisation sum gains for the next few years.

Tutor Managers read voraciously, trust and re-evaluate our heritage information, build our future by substantial analysis, understand why we favour a rationale of using similar tactics to those trail blazing managers of the past who found how to capitalise on opportunities of their time and place and proved themselves to be superior antecedent emotionally mature Tutor managers. These produce research papers, such as weekly radio broadcasts.

Our Founder considers there are four emotionally mature Tutor Managers who practice positive sum games theory at present.

As we intend that other types of our management persons sail through their work with extended assignments, optimum administration suggests we must provide a plethora of fast work stations located at a safe anchorage.

The final public relations goal (our benchmark) of our Tutor managers in image and style is directed to long term accord with other suitable organisations within positive sum theory.

We have met our benchmark with a series of the World Fellowship of Buddhists Regional Centres.

Long term accord with positive sum theory is our glossed translation of the Buddhist ideal of kalyamitrayana (Pali).

Tutor managers train our other managers in positive sum theory tactics.

They are our webmasters.

The empowering thought driving our Tutor managers is expressed in the following Chinese proverb:

IF WE DO NOT CHANGE OUR DIRECTION, WE ARE LIKELY TO END UP WHERE WE ARE HEADED.

6.0 Our Web Site Publications Development

Our web sites are part of our "library-without-walls" project.

Our teachers and web masters have developed much savoir-faire regarding our web sites' publications this year.

Our major web masters are Evelin Halls, Pennie White and Julian Bamford. We have another three webmasters in full training of our style of operations: Leanne Eames, Helen Appleyard and Kamfatt Lin. Most webmasters are graduates or post graduates.

In the case of our flagship publication the Buddha Dhyana Dana Review, we have found how to increase the depth of knowledge fields online we present to our readers in our publications.

New translations of Suttas from Pali to English by Sister M. Uppalawanna have been added to our Internet sites. The Suttas Majjhima Nikaaja 1 – 101, Majjhima III, Anguttara Nikaaya I – Ruupaadii Ekaka Vagga I are on our websites:

http://www.bddronline.net.au/bddr12no3/

http://www.companyontheweb.com/buddhatext/

We are about to load an English Translation of a French publication about the History of Pureland Buddha Dhamma.

In the case of the Brooking Street Bugle, we have found how to increase the very human approach online of our publication.

Now we understand we can illustrate an article with 200 colour photographs or more on our web site, whereas if we were to print it we would have to limit the range of illustrations because of physical space and economic considerations.

During the year we published 18 print issues of the Brooking Street Bugle, averaging 30 to 40 A4 pages, and publishing these online at www.bsbonline.com.au with over 580 colour photographs to give a pictorial account of the many meritorious activities our Centre's Members have generated.

We have around 2800 colour photographs online on our seven websites.

When selection is made from arrays of photographs, the potential depths of knowledge fields are diminished.

Our webmasters put their time, effort and expertise into running our seven web sites and the extent of our success can be seen by:

Total visits for all sites since counters have been put on are: 10,147.

Average number of visitors per day for all sites: 20

Aggregate visitor traffic predicted in the next month for all sites: 478

7.0 Our Five Year e-Resource Target

We want to distribute and store more branded information in various modern media.

To help us become more widely known we have instituted a new policy for branding digital data as the Chan Academy Australia.

We aim to be the fifth most popular Buddha Dhamma e-resource in the world by 2008. By that year, a new fast Internet service ought to be operating .......? in this country.

It helps that we are a Regional Centre of the World Fellowship of Buddhists, and an Associated Institute of the World Buddhist University, both headquartered in Bangkok Thailand.

To keep in touch, this year we sent out New Year and Versak blessing cards to other Regional Centres and friends.

We receive many international publications and messages electronically from around the world. More and more we use email to deliver our key papers in Australia and globally, as well as communications with our Members. Our total external emails, sent and received, for 2001 – 2002 was 3460.

We have an internal e-mail on LAN2 for select Members.

We are learning to systematise the handling and preservation of captured data in digital form. We have hundreds of colour photographs from three digital cameras that we have backed up to CD's for storage and use by our webmasters.

8.0 Possible strategies that would enhance the wider use and distribution of our resources.

A paper titled 'Examination of Training Issues at our Centre for the next nine years by John D. Hughes, Dip. App. Chem. T.T.T.C. GDAIE. is uploaded on our website at www.bddronline.net.au, Buddha Dhyana Dana Review Online Vol. 12 No.4., It contains two lists titled 'ISYS Index of Words on our LAN1 Occurring More Than 1,000 times (edited)' (see Appendix 1) and Occurring More Than 10,000 times, as listed below.

0 occurs 13654 times

1 occurs 13809 times

2 occurs 13621 times

3 occurs 14048 times

AU occurs 52026 times

BUDDHA occurs 16696 times

BUDDHIST occurs 21261 times

CENTRE occurs 13343 times

DATE occurs 12327 times

DHAMMA occurs 10250 times

MAY occurs 10867 times

MEMBERS occurs 11235 times

ORG occurs 51625 times

PERSONS occurs 16489 times

The "proof" of authenticity emerges from the most rigorous biography that we can assemble.

We must familiarise ourselves with the social, religious and philosophical attitudes of other periods and countries, in order to correct any subjective feeling we might have for content. Edgar Wind states that participation is very much the historian's role, "the investigator intrudes into the process that he is investigating. This is what the supreme rule of methodology demands... otherwise, there would be no contact with the surrounding world that is to be investigated."

At our Centre, our library contains most of our sources of research information. During the last three decades the library collection has been assembled by our Teacher. This is called the John D. Hughes Collection at 33 Brooking Street, Upwey 3158 Victoria Australia. These central sources of information are used to help us practice one method of researching called triangulation.

The method of triangulation is to look at a number of different sources and view points to authenticate the data you are looking at and come to a balanced and accurate picture of what you are looking at.

By the methods, the spurious documents will be revealed.

Internally, we use search engines to find good information for researching our position papers, reports, documents for the Buddha Dhyana Dana Review, the weekly Buddhist Hour Broadcast Scripts as well as, for example, searching for web site addresses and matters of administration and corporate governance.

Internally we use ISYS software for searching our LAN1 (Local Area Network 1) text files and databases. For our LAN2 (Local Area Network 2) we use a CGI (Common Graphics Interface) search script, written by Matt Wright.

Our Buddhist Discussion Centre (Upwey) Ltd. Database, built on Microsoft Access, may be searched for Members, contacts, supplier and organisation details; our Essential Services Inspection System software may be searched for reporting and tracking our Fire and Essential Service Maintenance.

In the library, our Organise 6.0 software is used for searching the John D. Hughes Collection.

Members' internal searches using these packages can exceed 40 searches a day.

Other internal search functions appear in our word processing and spread sheet packages, Microsoft Windows '95, '98, Star Office and Lotus Smart Suite.

These can be used to find words, phrases and names.

For our financial data and reports we search our Quickbooks Accounting software Version 7.

Internally, our Members use the Internet to find web sites that may provide information or references we need.

External search engines often used include www.google.com and www.yahoo.com, which search the world wide web to find specific search engines in sites, such as the Victorian Government web site at www.vic.gov.au and the Australian Securities and Investment Commission at www.asic.gov.au.

Our Members use external Internet search engines up to ten times daily on site. Off site each of our web masters may use search engines up to a dozen times a day at their workstations.

Members enrolled in tertiary studies are able to access their university web sites for research purposes, such as Monash University at www.monash.edu.au to search the library databases across university campuses.

Our Members also use the search engines on four of our web sites. The bdcu.org.au site uses a search called Entrophy Search. The Entrophy Search is set up to index the words contained in the documents on the web site.

Members can use Entrophy Search by typing in a Keyword and then a hyperlinked list of files and an abstract of the documents containing the Keyword are displayed.

On the blessings, bddronline and bsbonline web sites we use a CGI (Common Graphical Interface) script search engine developed by Matt Wright. This search engine works in a similar fashion to the Entrophy Search.

Presently we have nine members who are skilled at exploiting the resources for our purposes by internal searches and through external online search engines. We aim over the next three months to skill another twenty Members in the use of internal and external search engines to do research for our purposes.

We use our text retrieval system ISYS, which uses Keywords to find the information we are looking for.

This process of using Keywords is like a librarian: He/she will provide us with books only on request. This process also applies if we wish to enter the Sphere of Infinite Knowledge; we must know what to ask and what the Keywords are in order to obtain the information.

Persons should acquire a vocabulary of at least 80,000 Keywords that appear in our ISYS index.

See Appendix 1 for ISYS Index of Words on LAN1 Occurring More Than 1000 times.

In Appendix 2 of this document is a list of Keywords from the Foreword of 'The Essence of Buddha Abhidhamma' by Dr. Tin Mon. These were compiled by Pennie White B.A. Dip. Ed.

We want to use the new technologies to help us read and learn faster with minimum strain.

New software will enable us to bring up text or photographs fast on the computer screen.

We will build PHOTOLAN (our third LAN) that may enable us to view as many as 3000 photographs within half an hour (100 per minute).

Researchers need to get ready for faster learning experiences as best they can.

9.0 Meeting community demands for public information in the online environment

We have found the first point of contact for most of our newer Members are our websites. Buddhists from overseas who are coming to Australia have selected our Temple as their family Temple after examining the plethora of information available on our website.

As a result of our websites we receive requests for teaching from many countries including countries where you would like to think the local Buddhists could provide adequate information to our enquiries (such as Japan and Bhutan).

Within the Australian continent many interstate queries regularly have been answered for many years.

We have been asked to provide papers for Regional Centres overseas and papers for key cultural conferences both locally, interstate and overseas.

Before our internet presence we spent enormous efforts to publish good information globally.

Five years have elapsed since we setup our first website www.bdcu.org.au as text only.

Since then, we have added around 2800 photographs to our websites, video clips and sound bytes.

In our library we estimate we have a backlog of about 12,000 historical photographs and these are being scanned with a view to enter onto our internet e-library websites and our internal platforms when classified.

This will help future researchers write a more definitive role of the early history of Australian Buddha Dhamma Practice.

10.0 How we plan to ensure the most effective use of our library as a public information resource in the online environment.

A report by the OCLC/RLG Preservation Metadata Working Group, A Metadata framework to Support the Preservation of Digital Objects was produced in June 2002, and is copyright by Online Computer Library Inc. 6565 Frantz Road, Dublin, Ohio 43017-3395 USA. Their website address for the report is: http://www.oclc.org/research/pmwg.

Membership of the Working Group includes: Kevin Bradley and Colin Webb of the National Library of Australia.

The importance of preservation of metadata has been underscored by the efforts of a number of organisations to develop metadata of this type in support of their own digital preservation activities. While these efforts constituted pioneering work, they were conducted largely in isolation, lacking any substantial degree of cross-organisational co-ordination.

As a result, each preservation metadata element set tended to reflect the particular needs and requirements of the organisation that authored them.

In this sense, the digital preservation community, while benefiting immensely from this work, nevertheless still lacked a metadata framework for digital preservation that represented a consensus of leading experts and practitioners, and could be readily applied to a broad range of digital preservation activities.

Since the development of these preservation metadata element sets, several factors have emerged within the digital preservation community that suggest that consensus-building activity in the area of preservation metadata is not only desirable, but practicable.

First, there is wide spread recognition that digital preservation poses issues and challenges shared by organisations of all descriptions, with the attendant implication that extensive scope may exist to address these challenges co-operatively.

Second, a conceptual framework for a generic digital archiving system emerged in the form of the OAIS reference model, offering shared concepts and terminology, and representing common ground to serve as the starting point for discussion and collaboration.

The OAIS model has proliferated rapidly through the digital preservation community, and has been explicitly adopted by, or at least informed, many prominent digital preservation initiatives.

The OAIS framework currently enjoys the status of a de facto standard in digital preservation.

The development of our new Buddhist Discussion Centre (Upwey) Ltd. database has enabled the consolidation of three contact databases onto one PC.

The basic database was designed by our Members Evelin Halls and Lainie Smallwood, and is being developed by Mr. Arthur Lipscombe, our IT Software Developer.

Two seconds retrieval times are available to automate with each search.

Because of the privacy act, we do not think it legal to shift our extended database to public access although it is potentially very valuable.

The Victorian information privacy act is fully effective from 1 September 2002.

We are not certain if we must comply with the act but intend to comply in the same manner as state and local government organisations must comply with the privacy of information principle. For further information, see the website www.privacy.vic.gov.au

We are examining the issues this month. We have not developed a firm written policy as yet.

Preservation metadata is an essential component of most digital archiving strategies. It is the information necessary to carry out, document and evaluate the processes that support the long-term retention and accessibility of digital content.

While the importance of preservation metadata is widely recognised, standards and best practises for its use and implementation have yet to emerge. This poses a serious obstacle to the growth and development of digital archiving activities, especially those involving co-operative or third-party relationships among multiple stakeholders.

The OCLC/RLG Preservation Metadata Working Group is:

The results of the Working Group's activities are publicly available and are intended to guide and inform future digital preservation initiatives.

The preservation metadata framework described in this document makes the implicit assumption that certain aspects of a digital objects environment will remain static for the foreseeable future - for example, the fact that the Software Environment is composed of Rendering Programs and Operating System, or that microprocessors supply the computational power for the Hardware Environment.

Clearly, if these assumptions are overturned by new advances in digital technology, the preservation metadata framework and elements discussed here will become obsolete.

However, the focus on the Working Group is to provide practical recommendations for organisations intending to develop or that are in the process of developing digital repositories. In this sense, developing preservation metadata broad enough to anticipate future changes in digital technology is beyond the scope of the Working Group.

We can live with that.

If libraries work co-operatively on the framework suggested by the Working Group economies of scale could be achieved.

11.0 The roles of various levels of government in ensuring the most effective use of libraries as a primary public information resource in the online environment

We would like government advice to give details of the Privacy Act to guide us in the legality or otherwise of placing our extensive private databases into the public domain.

We did not ask for consent about sharing information from the persons on our database over the past twenty years.

Privacy notices on websites forms would assist.

Answering questions such as "Is the research work in the public interest?", is problematical.

Obviously our prime information database contains "sensitive information" about individuals, about racial or ethnic origin, religious beliefs and affiliations, and philosophical beliefs.

This information is necessary for given advice on many of our Centre's functions and activities.

We are not sure how the Act applies to the photographs at festivals we have taken over thirty years or groups of people (we do not know the names of many or where we could contact them or if they are still alive).

As Victoria Privacy Legislation evolved it narrowed its scope from covering both in public and private sectors to only in the public sector specifically state and local government as service providers under contract to them.

Over many years we have provided many information services free of charge to local, state and federal government sectors because they seek our help at regular times.

We are wondering if we are in some contractual arrangement with them as expert service producers.

This is likely because we keep our replies private.

If we disclosed some of our sought advice, it might give one or other government parties technical advantage in electioneering.

So we maintain privacy in such communications.

Since we deal with advice with all major parties change of government does not seem to affect our relationship.

There is no doubt that we provide services to government. We have difficulty knowing for certain whether that puts us under the Act.

We suspect it might and as a prudent step we are going to attempt compliance with the Act from 1 September 2002 until we clarify our position, but this means potentially good information we could give to researchers for the moment is held under censorship of our own making.

We would like in writing some sort of indemnity statements from local, state and federal governments that we could release select data for research purposes and to help the general public locate like minded persons.

We need to fund our third very fast LAN3 which would operate one hundred times faster than our LAN 2, with a view to transferring our photographs from a file server we will build to a fast reading website.

We have the technology for fast uploading packets of colour photographs onto our websites. This may be viewed in operation at The Private Museum in Upwey on www.buyresolved.com. where thumbnails of geological specimens can be viewed by clicking on the thumbnail to view an enlarged version.

This software is very fast, 50 times faster than normal website methods we have employed.

We would like a Government grant to fund elements of PHOTOLAN.

12.0 The role of the corporate sector to ensure the most effective use of libraries as a primary public information resource in the online environment.

Persons training at our Centre can enter key positions in the corporate sectors.

We would welcome government funding so that our key tutor managers could visit the National Library of Australia in Canberra and have discussions with the two National Library of Australia members of the OCLC/RLG Preservation Metadata Working Group. So we can better implement its recommendations into our systems.

We are a self-help organisation.

We would like a one-off government establishing grant to sponsor two very large 20 gigabit websites to allow us to place our PHOTOLAN, audio and video records content online.

We need to update our computers and software, for example (Pentium IIII and Windows XP) with large hard discs and CD drives, reader and writer, and DVD drives to enable a rapid update of existing work stations.

Our present equipment is one and one-half generations behind the leading edge on the market and we would like to update it but lack the immediate funds to do so are not available.

We would like corporate funding to do this as soon as possible.

All Members of our organisation are voluntary and are trained in computer skills that enhance their jobs in the commercial sector and get greater public knowledge and skills in using library resources.

We welcome the inquiry and look forward to the final report.

We are prepared to make more detailed information available at request.

Thank you very much.

References:

1. BUDDHA DHYANA DANA REVIEW Volume 9 No. 2 1999

2. President's Annual Report 2001 – 2002. by Julian Bamford, B.A. App. Rec. Buddhist Discussion Centre (Upwey) Ltd. Annual General Meeting, 10 August 2002. www.bddronline.net.au Buddha Dhyana Dana Review Vol. 12 No.4

3. Examination of Training Issues at our Centre for the next nine years by John D. Hughes, Dip. App. Chem. T.T.T.C. GDAIE. (including comments on Prajnaparamita Teachings from Versak 1999 to Versak 2002. Taught by John D. Hughes) 9 July 2002. www.bddronline.net.au Buddha Dhyana Dana Review Vol. 12 No. 4

4. Preservation Metadata and the OAIS Information Model. A Metadata framework to Support the Preservation of Digital Objects. A report by the OCLC/RLG Working Group on Preservation Metadata http://www.oclc.org/research/pmwg/ June 2002

5. Office of the Victorian Privacy Commissioner, Guideslinesed.cn.01, Victoria's Information Privacy Principles, May 2002

Appendix 1.

ISYS Index of Words on our LAN1 Occurring More Than 1000 times (edited)

0 occurs 13654 times

00 occurs 4825 times

000 occurs 1333 times

01 occurs 1533 times

03 occurs 1628 times

04 occurs 1011 times

05 occurs 1070 times

06 occurs 1089 times

07 occurs 1079 times

08 occurs 1415 times

09 occurs 1226 times

1 occurs 13809 times

10 occurs 5394 times

1000 occurs 3169 times

11 occurs 6480 times

12 occurs 4189 times

13 occurs 3041 times

14 occurs 2993 times

15 occurs 3264 times

16 occurs 3376 times

168 occurs 1650 times

17 occurs 1984 times

18 occurs 2191 times

19 occurs 2230 times

192 occurs 1669 times

1980 occurs 3732 times

1983 occurs 1157 times

1992 occurs 1007 times

1993 occurs 1136 times

1994 occurs 1578 times

1995 occurs 1577 times

1996 occurs 1753 times

1997 occurs 1932 times

1998 occurs 2357 times

1999 occurs 2509 times

2 occurs 13621 times

20 occurs 2995 times

2000 occurs 5731 times

2001 occurs 2286 times

21 occurs 1956 times

22 occurs 2084 times

23 occurs 1726 times

24 occurs 1725 times

25 occurs 2060 times

26 occurs 1454 times

27 occurs 1853 times

28 occurs 3363 times

29 occurs 1510 times

294 occurs 7271 times

3 occurs 14048 times

30 occurs 2724 times

31 occurs 1465 times

32 occurs 1366 times

33 occurs 1943 times

34 occurs 1662 times

4 occurs 6895 times

5 occurs 8946 times

50 occurs 1086 times

6 occurs 7758 times

7 occurs 4099 times

8 occurs 5658 times

9 occurs 7019 times

97 occurs 1260 times

983 occurs 1169 times

ABLE occurs 1784 times

ACADEMY occurs 1715 times

ACCESS occurs 1178 times

ACCORDING occurs 1066 times

ACT occurs 1192 times

ACTION occurs 3079 times

ACTIONS occurs 1416 times

ACTIVITIES occurs 2155 times

ADDRESS occurs 8246 times

AGE occurs 1509 times

AJARN occurs 1976 times

AM occurs 1123 times

AMOORE occurs 1648 times

ANALYSIS occurs 1133 times

ANCIENT occurs 1047 times

APPEAR occurs 1116 times

APRIL occurs 1127 times

AREA occurs 1590 times

ARISE occurs 1138 times

ARISING occurs 1023 times

ART occurs 1446 times

ASCII occurs 1511 times

ASSOCIATION occurs 1566 times

ASVENSSO occurs 1554 times

ATTEMPT occurs 1743 times

AU occurs 52026 times

AUSTRALIA occurs 5897 times

AUSTRALIAN occurs 3340 times

AUTHOR occurs 8903 times

AVAILABLE occurs 2175 times

AWARE occurs 1015 times

AWAY occurs 1282 times

BAD occurs 1011 times

BASE occurs 1220 times

BASED occurs 1230 times

BDDM occurs 3646 times

BECOME occurs 3258 times

BECOMES occurs 1308 times

BEE occurs 1958 times

BEINGS occurs 3864 times

BENEFIT occurs 1242 times

BEST occurs 1381 times

BETTER occurs 1414 times

BHALL occurs 1461 times

BHIKKHU occurs 1304 times

BINDING occurs 7416 times

BIRTH occurs 1427 times

BODHI occurs 1014 times

BODY occurs 4361 times

BOOK occurs 2074 times

BOOKS occurs 2023 times

BORN occurs 1673 times

BOX occurs 1430 times

BRING occurs 1309 times

BROOKING occurs 1327 times

BUDDHA occurs 16696 times

BUDDHAS occurs 2363 times

BUDDHISM occurs 7152 times

BUDDHIST occurs 21261 times

BUDDHISTS occurs 3487 times

BUILDING occurs 2143 times

BUSINESS occurs 1435 times

CASE occurs 1290 times

CAUSE occurs 1759 times

CAUSES occurs 1275 times

CC occurs 1136 times

CENTRE occurs 13343 times

CENTRES occurs 1830 times

CENTURY occurs 1318 times

CEREMONY occurs 1656 times

CERTAIN occurs 1161 times

CHAN occurs 5275 times

CHANGE occurs 1854 times

CHANTING occurs 1130 times

CHARSET occurs 1498 times

CHINA occurs 1150 times

CHINESE occurs 3619 times

CLASSIF occurs 7394 times

CLEAR occurs 1587 times

CO occurs 1236 times

COLLECTION occurs 2352 times

COMMITTEE occurs 1891 times

COMMUNITY occurs 1615 times

COMPANY occurs 1314 times

COMPASSION occurs 1099 times

COMPLETE occurs 1023 times

COMPLETED occurs 1006 times

COMPUTER occurs 1022 times

CONDITIONS occurs 1427 times

CONFERENCE occurs 2171 times

CONSCIOUSNESS occurs 1861 times

CONTACT occurs 1981 times

CONTENT occurs 2103 times

CONTINUE occurs 1171 times

COPY occurs 8050 times

COST occurs 1659 times

COSTS occurs 1239 times

COUNCIL occurs 1059 times

COUNTRIES occurs 1765 times

COUNTRY occurs 1526 times

COURSE occurs 2648 times

CPYRIGHT occurs 7393 times

CRED occurs 1004 times

CULTURAL occurs 2757 times

CULTURE occurs 2719 times

CURRENT occurs 1236 times

DANA occurs 2710 times

DATA occurs 1778 times

DATE occurs 12327 times

DAY occurs 5316 times

DAYS occurs 1234 times

DEATH occurs 1546 times

DECEMBER occurs 1725 times

DEVELOP occurs 2141 times

DEVELOPED occurs 1288 times

DEVELOPMENT occurs 2989 times

DEWEYNO occurs 7394 times

DHAMMA occurs 10250 times

DHARMA occurs 3459 times

DIFFERENT occurs 2415 times

DIGRACKI occurs 1472 times

DISCUSSION occurs 3326 times

DOCTRINES occurs 1271 times

DONE occurs 1879 times

DONOR occurs 1660 times

DONORS occurs 1147 times

DR occurs 1856 times

EFFORT occurs 1221 times

EHALLS occurs 3148 times

EMPTY occurs 1388 times

ENERGY occurs 1056 times

ENGLISH occurs 3330 times

ENLIGHTENMENT occurs 1480 times

EST occurs 3230 times

EUDORA occurs 1660 times

EVENTS occurs 2280 times

EXPERIENCE occurs 1837 times

FACT occurs 1105 times

FACTORS occurs 1207 times

FAILED occurs 1466 times

FAMILY occurs 1238 times

FCARTER occurs 1646 times

FEB occurs 1060 times

FEELING occurs 1921 times

FELLOWSHIP occurs 1293 times

FINAL occurs 1860 times

FIRE occurs 1600 times

FIRST occurs 4942 times

FIVE occurs 4583 times

FOOD occurs 1613 times

FORM occurs 3440 times

FRANK occurs 1313 times

FREE occurs 2283 times

FRI occurs 1157 times

FRIENDS occurs 1788 times

FULL occurs 1389 times

FUTURE occurs 3085 times

GARDEN occurs 1214 times

GENERAL occurs 5029 times

GIVEN occurs 3035 times

GREAT occurs 3276 times

GROUP occurs 2373 times

GROUPS occurs 1572 times

HALL occurs 1507 times

HAND occurs 1180 times

HAPPINESS occurs 1514 times

HAPPY occurs 1862 times

HARD occurs 1028 times

HAVING occurs 2115 times

HEALTH occurs 1233 times

HEART occurs 1421 times

HELD occurs 2345 times

HELP occurs 4006 times

HIGH occurs 2025 times

HIGHER occurs 1076 times

HISTORY occurs 1617 times

HOLD occurs 1076 times

HOUSE occurs 1491 times

HUGHES occurs 7374 times

HUMAN occurs 3313 times

ID occurs 3189 times

IHOBBS occurs 1544 times

IMAGE occurs 2488 times

IMPORTANT occurs 2210 times

INCLUDE occurs 1124 times

INCLUDING occurs 1223 times

INDIA occurs 1658 times

INSIGHT occurs 1456 times

INTERNATIONAL occurs 1808 times

INTERNET occurs 1088 times

INWARD occurs 1410 times

ISBNNO occurs 7392 times

ISTED occurs 7393 times

JAN occurs 1364 times

JANUARY occurs 1146 times

JBAMFORD occurs 1671 times

JBENNETT occurs 1007 times

JDH occurs 4371 times

JHUGHES occurs 1154 times

JODONNEL occurs 1483 times

JOHN occurs 7720 times

JULIAN occurs 1127 times

JULY occurs 1273 times

JUNE occurs 1523 times

KEY occurs 1075 times

KHOR occurs 1902 times

KING occurs 1265 times

KNOWLEDGE occurs 3177 times

KNOWN occurs 1699 times

LAMA occurs 1213 times

LAND occurs 1226 times

LANGUAGE occurs 2360 times

LANKA occurs 2097 times

LARGE occurs 1059 times

LAST occurs 3560 times

LAW occurs 1419 times

LEAMES occurs 1145 times

LEARN occurs 1658 times

LEARNING occurs 2164 times

LEVEL occurs 2148 times

LHAMILT occurs 1511 times

LIBRARY occurs 5701 times

LIFE occurs 7663 times

LIGHT occurs 2469 times

LIKELY occurs 1102 times

LINE10 occurs 7394 times

LINE8 occurs 7392 times

LINE9 occurs 7391 times

LING occurs 2086 times

LIST occurs 1278 times

LIVE occurs 1255 times

LIVES occurs 1038 times

LIVING occurs 1773 times

LLAMERS occurs 1487 times

LNELSON occurs 1683 times

LOCAL occurs 1974 times

LONG occurs 2509 times

LORD occurs 1168 times

LOVE occurs 1157 times

LSMALLWO occurs 1180 times

LTD occurs 5436 times

MAHA occurs 1111 times

MAHAYANA occurs 1205 times

MAIL occurs 2891 times

MAILER occurs 1502 times

MAIN occurs 1251 times

MAINTENANCE occurs 1183 times

MAJOR occurs 1160 times

MALAYSIA occurs 2384 times

MAN occurs 1544 times

MANAGEMENT occurs 2003 times

MANTRA occurs 1000 times

MASTER occurs 2293 times

MATERIAL occurs 1727 times

MAY occurs 10867 times

MEANING occurs 1296 times

MEANS occurs 3100 times

MEDITATION occurs 6865 times

MEET occurs 1210 times

MEETING occurs 1528 times

MELBOURNE occurs 1852 times

MEMBER occurs 1572 times

MEMBERS occurs 11235 times

MENTAL occurs 2064 times

MERIT occurs 2221 times

MESSAGE occurs 2004 times

METHOD occurs 1410 times

METHODS occurs 1105 times

MIDDLE occurs 1011 times

MIME occurs 1562 times

MIND occurs 8562 times

MINDFULNESS occurs 1190 times

MINDS occurs 1711 times

MON occurs 1119 times

MONASTERY occurs 1283 times

MONEY occurs 1277 times

MONK occurs 1923 times

MONKS occurs 3118 times

MUSEUM occurs 3748 times

NA occurs 4758 times

NATURE occurs 2259 times

NEWSLETTER occurs 1158 times

NOBLE occurs 2174 times

NON occurs 2201 times

NOTION occurs 1000 times

NOVEMBER occurs 1100 times

OFFICE occurs 1384 times

OLD occurs 1947 times

ONES occurs 1095 times

ORDER occurs 2832 times

ORG occurs 51625 times

ORGANISATION occurs 3420 times

ORGANISATIONS occurs 1536 times

OTHERS occurs 3538 times

PADKINS occurs 1543 times

PAGES occurs 7685 times

PAINTING occurs 1447 times

PALI occurs 3713 times

PAPER occurs 1901 times

PARTICULAR occurs 1034 times

PAST occurs 2336 times

PATH occurs 4318 times

PEACE occurs 1576 times

PENANG occurs 1669 times

PEOPLE occurs 4101 times

PER occurs 1615 times

PERSON occurs 3877 times

PERSONAL occurs 1018 times

PERSONS occurs 16489 times

PHRA occurs 1214 times

PHYSICAL occurs 1148 times

PLAN occurs 1708 times

PLANNING occurs 1121 times

PLEASE occurs 3132 times

POINT occurs 1355 times

POLICY occurs 1094 times

POP3 occurs 1512 times

POSITION occurs 1134 times

POSSIBLE occurs 1617 times

POWER occurs 1882 times

PRACTICE occurs 7755 times

PRACTICES occurs 2154 times

PRECEPTS occurs 1588 times

PRESENT occurs 3847 times

PRESIDENT occurs 1701 times

PRESS occurs 1008 times

PRINTED occurs 1061 times

PROCESS occurs 1523 times

PROGRAM occurs 1187 times

PROJECT occurs 2976 times

PROVIDE occurs 1665 times

PROVIDED occurs 1412 times

PUBLIC occurs 1840 times

PUBLICATION occurs 2571 times

PUBLICATIONS occurs 1220 times

PUBLISHER occurs 1056 times

PUBLISHR occurs 7392 times

PURE occurs 1185 times

PWHITE occurs 1359 times

QUALCOMM occurs 1502 times

QUALITY occurs 1264 times

RADIO occurs 1716 times

RATHER occurs 1291 times

RCPT occurs 1503 times

REAL occurs 1126 times

REASON occurs 1197 times

REBIRTH occurs 1021 times

RECEIVED occurs 2469 times

RECIPIENT occurs 1520 times

REF occurs 1662 times

REFER occurs 1154 times

REFERENCE occurs 1064 times

REFERENCES occurs 1043 times

RELIGION occurs 1510 times

RELIGIOUS occurs 2446 times

REPORT occurs 1341 times

RESEARCH occurs 2010 times

RESOURCES occurs 1514 times

RESPECT occurs 1288 times

RESULT occurs 1099 times

REVIEW occurs 1778 times

RFC822 occurs 1405 times

ROAD occurs 1019 times

ROD occurs 1533 times

ROELLIEN occurs 1411 times

SAMOORE occurs 1498 times

SANGHA occurs 2018 times

SAT occurs 1209 times

SAYADAW occurs 1024 times

SCHOOL occurs 1486 times

SECOND occurs 2336 times

SECRETARY occurs 1038 times

SEEN occurs 1225 times

SELF occurs 2905 times

SENDER occurs 1510 times

SENSE occurs 1603 times

SEPTEMBER occurs 1234 times

SERIES occurs 1162 times

SERVICE occurs 1446 times

SERVICES occurs 1312 times

SEVERAL occurs 1374 times

SHELF occurs 7588 times

SHORT occurs 1101 times

SITE occurs 2564 times

SIX occurs 1400 times

SKILLS occurs 1263 times

SMALL occurs 1100 times

SMTP occurs 1514 times

SOCIAL occurs 1580 times

SOCIETY occurs 4922 times

SOUND occurs 1014 times

SPACE occurs 1263 times

SPECIMENS occurs 1164 times

SRI occurs 2985 times

ST occurs 1136 times

STAGE occurs 1393 times

START occurs 1008 times

STATE occurs 2078 times

STATES occurs 1227 times

STATUS occurs 1816 times

STREET occurs 1758 times

STUART occurs 1735 times

STUDENTS occurs 2787 times

STUDIES occurs 1180 times

STYLE occurs 1119 times

SUBJECT occurs 9979 times

SUFFERING occurs 1466 times

SUITABLE occurs 1714 times

SUITE occurs 1906 times

SUN occurs 1730 times

SUNDAY occurs 1301 times

SUPPORT occurs 1209 times

SUTRA occurs 1445 times

SUTTA occurs 1200 times

SYSTEM occurs 2258 times

SYSTEMS occurs 1714 times

TALK occurs 1199 times

TASK occurs 1752 times

TAUGHT occurs 2028 times

TEACHER occurs 3223 times

TEACHERS occurs 1246 times

TEACHING occurs 3438 times

TEACHINGS occurs 3396 times

TECHNOLOGY occurs 1144 times

TEMPLE occurs 3522 times

TEMPLES occurs 1133 times

TERM occurs 1184 times

TERMS occurs 1508 times

TEXT occurs 1939 times

TEXTPLAIN occurs 1498 times

TEXTS occurs 1525 times

THAILAND occurs 1373 times

THANK occurs 1436 times

THEMSELVES occurs 1227 times

THERA occurs 1050 times

THERAVADA occurs 1265 times

THEREFORE occurs 1381 times

THIRD occurs 1327 times

THISED occurs 7393 times

THU occurs 1009 times

THUS occurs 1552 times

THUYNH occurs 1153 times

TIBETAN occurs 1905 times

TITLE occurs 7851 times

TODAY occurs 1280 times

TOWARDS occurs 1631 times

TRAINING occurs 2774 times

TRANSLATION occurs 1097 times

TRUE occurs 1795 times

TRUTH occurs 1559 times

TUE occurs 1195 times

TYPE occurs 2845 times

TYPES occurs 1075 times

UNDERSTAND occurs 1837 times

UNDERSTANDING occurs 1850 times

UNIVERSITY occurs 1876 times

UPWEY occurs 5030 times

USEFUL occurs 1029 times

USERS occurs 1087 times

VALUE occurs 8804 times

VARIOUS occurs 1605 times

VENERABLE occurs 4567 times

VERSION occurs 3905 times

VICTORIA occurs 2366 times

VIEW occurs 2806 times

VIEWS occurs 1000 times

VISIT occurs 1713 times

VM occurs 2788 times

VMCLEOD occurs 1520 times

WATER occurs 1716 times

WAYS occurs 1065 times

WEBSITE occurs 1302 times

WEEK occurs 1253 times

WESTERN occurs 1600 times

WINDOWS occurs 1699 times

WISDOM occurs 2682 times

WISH occurs 2434 times

WORK occurs 6800 times

WORKING occurs 1122 times

WORKS occurs 1101 times

WORLD occurs 6988 times

WRITING occurs 1304 times

WRITTEN occurs 2094 times

ZEN occurs 1588 times

Appendix 2. Keywords from the Foreword of 'The Essence of Buddha Abhidhamma' by Dr. Tin Mon. These were compiled by Pennie White B.A. Dip. Ed.

Abhidhamma

Myanmar (Burma)

prophecy

revered

Patthana

Yamaka

science

western philosophy

natural sciences

chemistry

mundane

human sciences

divine

ultimate

supramundane

historical

philosophical

religious

universality

analysis

mind

detail

realities

enlightens

pondering

treatise

compendium

Abhidhammattha

augmented

extraordinary

superb

patrimony

wisdom

predecessors

conjecture

theological

convinced

lucidity

conception

meaningfulness

subject

profound

scholars

unanimously

sincerely

welcome