Footnotes
Chapter 2 - Values and objectives of the conservation estate
[1]
Tasmanian National Parks Association, Submission 78, p. 2.
[2]
Australian Network of Environmental Defender's Offices, Submission
145, p. 4.
[3]
Submission 137, p. 12.
[4]
Submission 161, p. 12.
[5]
Hoggett, J. 'The Uses and Value of National Parks: Does More Mean Worse?',
IPA Backgrounder, vol. 17, no. 2, 2005.
[6]
Department of Natural Resources, Environment and the Arts, Northern
Territory Government, Submission 16, p. 1.
[7]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, Parks and
Reserves, http://www.deh.gov.au/parks/index.html,
accessed 27 November 2006.
[8]
Wescott, G.C., 'Australia's Distinctive National Parks System', Environmental
Conservation, vol. 18, no. 4, 1991, p. 331.
[9]
Hall, C.M., Wasteland to World Heritage: Preserving Australia's
Wilderness, Melbourne University Press, 1992, p. 47.
[10]
Wescott, G.C., 'Australia's Distinctive National Parks System', Environmental
Conservation, vol. 18, no. 4, 1991, p. 331.
[11]
Hall, C.M., Wasteland to World Heritage: Preserving Australia's
Wilderness, Melbourne University Press, 1992, p. 79.
[12]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126, p. 2.
[13]
Australian Government Culture and Recreation Portal web site, National
Parks, http://www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au/articles/nationalparks,
accessed 28 November 2006; Wescott, G.C., 'Australia's Distinctive National
Parks System', Environmental Conservation, vol. 18, no. 4, 1991, p. 331.
[14]
Australian Government Culture and Recreation Portal web site, National
Parks, http://www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au/articles/nationalparks,
accessed 28 November 2006; Wescott, G.C., 'Australia's Distinctive National
Parks System', Environmental Conservation, vol. 18, no. 4, 1991, p. 331.
[15]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126, p. 2;
Wescott, G.C., 'Australia's Distinctive National Parks System', Environmental
Conservation, vol. 18, no. 4, 1991, p. 331.
[16]
Environmental Protection Agency Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service, web
site, http://www.epa.qld.gov.au/parks_and_forests/history_of_parks_and_forests/,
accessed 28 November 2006.
[17]
Hall, C.M., Wasteland to World Heritage: Preserving Australia's
Wilderness, Melbourne University Press, 1992, p. 78.
[18]
NSW Department of Environment and Conservation, State of the Parks 2004,
Department of Environment and Conservation, Sydney, p. 16.
[19]
NSW Department of Environment and Conservation, State of the Parks 2004,
Department of Environment and Conservation, Sydney, p. 15.
[20]
Hall, C.M., Wasteland to World Heritage: Preserving Australia's
Wilderness, Melbourne University Press, 1992, p. 1.
[21]
Australian National Parks, web site, http://www.australiannationalparks.com,
accessed 28 November 2006; Hall, CM., Wasteland to World Heritage:
Preserving Australia's Wilderness, Melbourne University Press, 1992, p. 1.
[22]
Suh, J. & Harrison, S., 'Management Objectives and Economic Value of
National Parks: Preservation, Conservation and Development', Discussion
Paper No. 337, School of Economics, University of Queensland, 2005.
[23]
Hall, C.M., Wasteland to World Heritage: Preserving Australia's
Wilderness, Melbourne University Press, 1992, p. 41; Department of the
Environment and Heritage, Submission 126, pp 2–3. The National Parks
and Wildlife Conservation Act 1975 under which Uluru and Kakadu were both
recognised and managed was replaced in 2000 by the Environmental Protection
and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). The Director of National
Parks and all parks and reserves established under the former Act continue
under the EPBC Act.
[24]
Hundloe, TJ., 'Parks in the Marine Environment', The Value of National
Parks to the Community: Proceedings of the Second National Wilderness
Conference, University of Sydney, 23–25 November 1979, Australian
Conservation Foundation, 1980, p. 168.
[25]
Hundloe, TJ., 'Parks in the Marine Environment', The Value of National
Parks to the Community: Proceedings of the Second National Wilderness
Conference, University of Sydney, 23–25 November 1979, Australian
Conservation Foundation, 1980, p. 168.
[26]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126, pp 2–3.
[27]
Hundloe, TJ., 'Parks in the Marine Environment', The Value of National
Parks to the Community: Proceedings of the Second National Wilderness
Conference, University of Sydney, 23–25 November 1979, Australian
Conservation Foundation, 1980, p. 172.
[28]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126, p. 8.
[29]
World Heritage web site, Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park, http://www.deh.gov.au/heritage/worldheritage/sites/uluru/index.html,
accessed December 2006.
[30]
Department of the Environment and Water Resources, Intergovernmental Agreement
on the Environment, http://www.deh.gov.au/esd/national/igae/,
accessed December 2006.
[31]
Department of the Environment and Water Resources, National Strategy
for Ecologically Sustainable Development, http://www.deh.gov.au/esd/national/nsesd/index.html,
accessed December 2006.
[32]
Department of Agriculture Fisheries and Forestry, Regional Forest
Agreements. Why? http://www.affa.gov.au/content/output.cfm?ObjectID=D2C48F86-BA1A-11A1-A2200060B0A01805,
accessed December 2006.
[33]
Australian Network of Environmental Defender's Offices, Submission 145,
p. 8.
[34]
State of the Parks 2004, Department of Environment and
Conservation, Sydney, p. 15.
[35]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126, p. 6.
[36]
IUCN Overview, www.iucn.org/en/about/,
accessed 20 November 2006.
[37]
World Commission on Protected Areas, Submission
137, pp 12–18.
[38]
Mr Brian Gilligan, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 2.
[39]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Summary of Terrestrial
Protected Areas in Australia by Type, http://www.deh.gov.au/parks/nrs/capad/2004/national/nat-type04.html,
accessed December 2006.
[40]
Ms Kristen Appel, Australian Ranger Federation, Committee Hansard, 31 March 2006, p. 65.
[41]
Ms Joyce Dimascio, Committee Hansard, 12 May 2006, pp 29–30.
[42]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System: A Partnership Approach, Commonwealth of Australia,
2005, Appendix 1, pp 62–64.
[43]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System: A Partnership Approach, Commonwealth of Australia,
2005, p. 14.
[44]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System: A Partnership Approach, Commonwealth of Australia,
2005, p. 14.
[45]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, National Data
Summary, http://www.deh.gov.au/parks/nrs/capad/2004/national/index.html,
accessed 1 December 2006.
[46]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126, p. 7. The
CAR system of protected areas will be discussed in more detail in the next
chapter.
[47]
Submission 34, p. 1.
[48]
Submission 41, p. 5.
[49]
Submission 194, p. 2.
[50]
Submission 141, p. 6.
[51]
Submission 161, p. 12.
[52]
Submission 78, pp 2–3.
[53]
Ms Rachel Walmsley, Committee Hansard, 12 May 2006, p. 69.
[54]
Professor Christopher Margules, Committee Hansard, 31 March 2006, p. 4.
[55]
Submission 131, p. 4.
[56]
Submission 135, p. 9.
[57]
World Commission on Protected Areas, Committee Hansard, 31 March 2006, p. 60.
[58]
Committee Hansard, 1 September 2006, p. 71.
[59]
Submission 41, p. 4.
[60]
Submission 41, p. 5.
Chapter 3 - The terrestrial reserve system
[1]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions
for the National Reserve System: A Partnership Approach, Commonwealth of Australia,
2005, p. 13.
[2]
National Parks Service U.S.A., web site, The National Park Service - A
Brief History, Bureau Historian 2006, http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/hisnps/NPSHistory/briefhistory.htm,
accessed 20 December 2006.
[3]
Parks Canada, web site, Negotiating a new parks agreement, http://www.parkscanada.ca/, accessed 20 December 2006.
[4]
Cape York Land Council, Submission 117, p. 3.
[5]
Mr David Borthwick, Department of the Environment and Heritage, Committee
Hansard, 31 March 2006, p. 84.
[6]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, Parks and
Reserves, www.deh.gov.au/parks/index.html,
accessed 20 November 2006.
[7]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, Commonwealth
National Parks, Reserves, and Botanic Gardens, www.deh.gov.au/parks/commonwealth/index.html,
accessed 20 November 2006
[8]
Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research, Submission 167,
p. 1.
[9]
Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research, Submission 167,
p. 4; Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, Parks and
Reserves, http://www.deh.gov.au/parks/index.html,
accessed 18 December 2006. See chapter 9 for further discussion of Indigenous
land ownership and management.
[10]
Mr Peter Cochrane, Department of the Environment and Heritage, Committee
Hansard, 31 March 2006, p. 107.
[11]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, Protected Area
Management Agencies in Australia and New Zealand, www.deh.gov.au/parks/hoa/index.html,
accessed 20 November 2006.
[12]
NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service, web site, Kosciusko National
Park - Plan of Management, http://www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au/npws.nsf/Content/k_np_mgmtplan,
accessed 12 December 2006.
[13]
NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service, web site, Kosciusko National
Park celebrates 60 years, http://www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au/npws.nsf/Content/media_040604_kosciuszko60,
accessed 13 December 2006.
[14]
Wet Tropics Management Authority, Annual Report and State of the Wet
Tropics Report 2005–2006, p. 112.
[15]
Rottnest Island Authority, web site About Rottnest Island, http://www.rottnestisland.com/en/default.htm,
accessed 11 December 2006.
[16]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, The Collaborative
Australian Protected Areas Database (CAPAD), http://www.deh.gov.au/parks/nrs/capad/index.html,
accessed 12 December 2006.
[17]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, Celebrating 25
Years of Australia's World Heritage, http://www.deh.gov.au/heritage/publications/world-heritage-display.html,
accessed 5 December 2006.
[18]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, Celebrating 25
Years of Australia's World Heritage, http://www.deh.gov.au/heritage/publications/world-heritage-display.html,
accessed 5 December 2006.
[19]
Wet Tropics Management Authority, Submission 156, p. 3.
[20]
Australian Government Culture and Recreation Portal, web site, National
Parks, http://www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au/articles/nationalparks,
accessed 28 November 2006.
[21]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, Australia's World
Heritage, http://www.deh.gov.au/heritage/worldheritage/index.html,
accessed 4 December 2006.
[22]
Australian Network of Environmental Defender's Offices, Submission 145,
p. 9.
[23]
Department of Premier and Cabinet, Queensland, Submission 175, p.
4.
[24]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, Australian
Heritage, http://www.deh.gov.au/heritage/index.html,
accessed 18 December 2006.
[25]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, National Heritage,
http://www.deh.gov.au/heritage/index.html,
accessed 18 December 2006.
[26]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, National Heritage,
http://www.deh.gov.au/heritage/national/index.html,
accessed 18 December 2006.
[27]
Senator the Hon. Ian Campbell, Australian Minister for the Environment and
Heritage, 'Our National Parks receive highest heritage honour', Press Release
C349/06, 15 December 2006.
[28]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System: A Partnership Approach, Commonwealth of Australia,
2005, p. 14.
[29]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System: A Partnership Approach, Commonwealth of Australia,
2005, pp 13–14.
[30]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, The National
Reserve System Programme 2006 Evaluation, http://www.deh.gov.au/parks/publications/nrs/evaluation/index.html,
accessed 19 December 2006.
[31] Gilligan, B,
The National Reserve System Programme 2006 Evaluation, Syneca Consulting
Pty Ltd, November 2006, p. 11.
[32] Gilligan, B,
The National Reserve System Programme 2006 Evaluation, Syneca Consulting
Pty Ltd, November 2006, p. 11.
[33]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System: A Partnership Approach, Commonwealth of Australia,
2005, p. 14.
[34]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System: A Partnership Approach, Commonwealth of Australia,
2005, p. 14.
[35]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System: A Partnership Approach, Commonwealth of Australia,
2005, p. 24.
[36]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, website, The National
Reserve System, www.deh.gov.au/parks/nrs/index.html,
accessed 20 April 2006.
[37]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, IBRA Version 6.1,
http://www.deh.gov.au/parks/nrs/ibra/version6-1/index.html,
accessed 1 December 2006.
[38]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System: A Partnership Approach, Commonwealth of Australia,
2005, pp 9, 27, 50–53.
[39]
Gilligan, B, The National Reserve System Programme 2006 Evaluation,
Syneca Consulting Pty Ltd, November 2006, pp 2–9.
[40]
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, web site, Regional
Forest Agreements: Why?, http://www.affa.gov.au/content,
accessed 5 December 2006.
[41]
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, web site, Nationally
Agreed Criteria (JANIS) for the Establishment of a Comprehensive Adequate and
Representative Reserve System for Forests in Australia, http://www.affa.gov.au/content,
accessed 21 December 2006.
[42]
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, web site, Regional
Forest Agreements (RFA), http://www.affa.gov.au/content,
accessed 5 December 2006.
[43]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions
for the National Reserve System: A Partnership Approach, Commonwealth of Australia,
2005, p. 14.
[44]
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, web site, Regional
Forest Agreements: Why?, http://www.affa.gov.au/content,
accessed 5 December 2006.
[45]
Committee Hansard, 12 May 2006, p. 60.
[46]
Mrs Catherine Murphy, National Association of Forest Industries, Committee
Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 22.
[47]
Wescott, G.C., 'Australia's Distinctive National Parks System', Environmental
Conservation, Vol. 18, No. 4, Winter 1991, p. 338.
[48]
Wet Tropics Management Authority, Submission 156, p. 1.
Chapter 4 - Protecting the marine environment
[1]
Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council, Guidelines
for establishing the National Representative System of Marine Protected Areas,
December 1998, p. 3.
[2]
Australian Marine Conservation Society, Submission 184, p.
2.
[3]
Australian Marine Sciences Association, Submission 125,
Attachment 3, p. 2.
[4]
Australian Marine Sciences Association, Submission 125,
Attachment 3, p. 2.
[5]
Australian Marine Conservation Society, Submission 184; Australian
Marine Sciences Association, Submission 125, Attachment 1, p. 2;
WWF Australia, Submission 161.
[6]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126,
p. 1.
[7]
Submission 125, p. 3.
[8]
Submission 137, p. 5.
[9]
South Australian Department of Environment and Heritage, http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/coasts/mpas/background.html,
accessed 18 September 2006.
[10]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, http://www.deh.gov.au/md/index.html,
accessed 22 May 2006.
[11]
Submission 193, Attachment 2.
[12] Marine parks
are established under the Marine Parks Act 1997 and aim to conserve
biodiversity by protecting representative samples of the habitats in each
bioregion. Zoning and operational plans are used to guide the protection of
conservation values and manage activities that occur within the marine park.
Four zones are used in marine parks - sanctuary zones, habitat protection
zones, general use zones and special purpose zones.
Aquatic reserves are
relatively small areas declared under the Fisheries Management Act 1994
to conserve the biodiversity of fish and marine vegetation. They protect fish
habitats, and can also be used specifically for fisheries management purposes,
to protect threatened species, facilitate educational activities, or scientific
research.
National parks and nature
reserves are established under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974.
All land (including submerged land) and all native plants and animals (except
fish and marine vegetation) are protected within parks and reserves. Coastal parks
and reserves often extend to low water and beyond, and sometimes include the
beds of adjoining lakes or estuaries.
[13]
Victorian Department of Sustainability and Environment, http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/DSE/nrencm.nsf/childdocs/-2594CB2F087CB6D84A2567CA0081791F-108776D50A9F94004A256B660015507E?open,
accessed 18 September 2006.
[14]
South Australian Department of Environment and Heritage, http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/coasts/about.html,
accessed 18 September 2006.
The role of the
Coast and Marine Conservation Branch is to ensure the conservation and sustained
productivity of South Australia's coastal, estuarine and marine environments. The
role of the Coastal Protection Branch is to manage and protect coastal
environments and assets across South Australia. The Coastal Protection Branch
also provides technical and administrative assistance to the Coast Protection
Board, which is the statutory authority responsible for managing the State's
coastline and administering the Coast Protection Act 1972.
[15]
South Australian Department of Environment and Heritage, http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/coasts/mpas.html,
accessed 18 September 2006.
[16]
Western Australian Department of Environment and Conservation, http://www.naturebase.net/national_parks/marine/types.html#marine_parks,
accessed 23 October 2006.
[17]
Queensland Parks and Wildlife Services, http://www.epa.qld.gov.au/parks_and_forests/marine_parks/managing_marine_parks/,
accessed 23 October 2006.
[18]
Marine and Coastal Community Network, Submission 193, p. 4.
[19]
Submission 125, p. 3.
[20]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 27.
[21]
Australian Marine Conservation Society, Submission 184, p.
8.
[22]
Mr Richard Leck, WWF Australia, Committee Hansard 21 April 2006, p. 38.
[23]
Department of Environment and Heritage, Submission 126, p.
3.
[24]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 25.
[25]
Ms Donna Petrachenko, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 46.
[26]
Australian Marine Conservation Society, Submission 184, pp
3–4.
[27]
Dr Gina Newton, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 39.
[28]
Submission 125, Attachment 1.
[29]
Ms Donna Petrachenko, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 48.
[30]
The Hon. Senator Ian Campbell, Australia leads world with new Marine
Protected Areas, media release, 5 May 2006.
[31]
The Hon. Senator Ian Campbell, National Marine Park
network moves a step closer, media release, 27 October 2006.
[32]
Department of Environment and Heritage, http://www.deh.gov.au/coasts/mbp/regions.html,
accessed 24 October 2006.
[33]
Department of Environment and Heritage, Marine Bioregional Planning,
http://www.deh.gov.au/coasts/mbp/publications/pubs/mbp-brochure.pdf,
accessed 24 October 2006.
[34]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 28.
[35]
Submission 184, p. 4.
[36]
Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 39.
[37]
Mr Stephen Oxley, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p 53.
[38]
Ms Donna Petrachenko, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 48.
[39]
Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 30.
[40]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 33.
[41]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 33.
[42]
Ms Donna Petrachenko, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 63.
[43]
Ms Donna Petrachenko, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, Committee Hansard 16 June 2006, p. 62; Mr Stephen Oxley,
Marine Division, Department of the Environment and Heritage, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 63.
[44]
Ms Donna Petrachenko, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 46.
[45]
Mr Stephen Oxley, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and Heritage,
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 55.
[46]
Dr Richard Kenchington, Australian Association for Maritime Affairs, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 28.
[47]
Dr Richard Kenchington, Australian Association for Maritime Affairs, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 28.
[48]
Mr Stephen Oxley, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 56.
[49]
Mr Stephen Oxley, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 56.
[50]
Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 50.
[51]
Professor Frank Talbot, Australian Marine Sciences Association, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 43.
[52]
Mr Peter Franklin, Commonwealth Fisheries Association, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 13.
[53]
Mr Peter Franklin, Commonwealth Fisheries Association, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 15.
[54]
Mr Peter Franklin, Commonwealth Fisheries Association, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 15.
[55]
Mr Stephen Oxley, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 53.
[56]
Ms Donna Petrachenko, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 55.
[57]
Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 15.
[58]
Submission 127, pp 4–6.
[59]
Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 53.
[60]
Mr Stephen Oxley, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 56.
[61]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 27.
[62]
Commonwealth Fisheries Association, Submission 158,
Attachment A.
[63]
Mr Peter Franklin, Commonwealth Fisheries Association, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 21.
[64]
Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 15.
[65]
Mr Peter Franklin, Commonwealth Fisheries Association, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 15.
[66]
Mr Peter Franklin, Commonwealth Fisheries Association, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 15.
[67]
Mr Peter Franklin, Commonwealth Fisheries Association, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 16.
[68]
Mr Neil MacDonald, South Australian Fishing Industry Fishing Industry
Council, Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 16.
[69]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 30.
[70]
Ms Donna Petrachenko, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, pp 61– 62.
[71]
Mr Peter Franklin, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 14.
[72]
Commonwealth Fisheries Association, Submission 158,
Attachment 1.
[73] Minister for
the Environment and Heritage, Senator the Hon. Ian Campbell & Minister for
Fisheries, Forestry and Conservation, Senator Ian Macdonald, Government acts
for a sustainable fishing future, Joint Media Release, 23 November 2005.
[74]
Australian Marine Sciences Association, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 42.
[75]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 30.
[76]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 19.
[77]
Mr Stephen Oxley, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 59.
[78]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 31.
[79]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 31.
[80]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 23.
[81]
Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, pp 34–35.
[82]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, pp 34–35.
[83]
Mr Richard Leck, ,WWF Australia, Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 40.
[84]
Department of Environment and Heritage, Fact Sheet: Zoning in the
South-east Commonwealth Marine Reserve Network, http://www.deh.gov.au/coasts/mpa/southeast/publications/pubs/zoning.pdf,
accessed 30 October 2006.
[85]
Department of Environment and Heritage, Fact Sheet: Zoning in the
South-east Commonwealth Marine Reserve Network, http://www.deh.gov.au/coasts/mpa/southeast/publications/pubs/zoning.pdf,
accessed 30 October 2006.
[86]
Department of Environment and Heritage, Fact Sheet: Zoning in the
South-east Commonwealth Marine Reserve Network, http://www.deh.gov.au/coasts/mpa/southeast/publications/pubs/zoning.pdf,
accessed 30 October 2006.
[87]
Australian Marine Sciences Association, Submission 125,
Attachment 1, p. 3.
[88]
Dr Richard Kenchington, Australian Association for Maritime Affairs, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 34.
[89]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 24.
[90]
Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Zoning in the Barrier Reef,
http://www.gbrmpa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/7333/tech_sheet_02.pdf,
accessed 26 October 2006.
[91]
National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (2001), Scientific
Consensus Statement on Marine Reserves and Marine Protected Areas, p. 3.
[92]
Submission 137, p. 14.
[93]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 40.
[94]
Professor Frank Talbot, Australian Marine Sciences Association, Committee
Hansard 16 June 2006, p. 40.
[95]
Submission 125, Attachment 1, p. 3.
[96]
Submission 7, p. 2.
[97]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p.34.
[98]
Professor Frank Talbot, Australian Marine Sciences Association, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 40.
[99]
Australian Marine Sciences Association, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 43.
[100]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee Hansard,
6 June 2006, p. 27.
[101]
Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 15.
[102]
Mr Richard Leck, WWF Australia, Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p.
44; Mr Grahame Byron, Department for Environment and Heritage, South Australia,
Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 41.
[103]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee Hansard,
6 June 2006, p. 28.
[104]
Dr Richard Kenchington, Australian Association for Maritime Affairs, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p.30.
[105]
Mr Andrew Chapman, Submission 114, p. 3.
[106]
Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 25.
[107]
Mr Richard Leck, WWF Australia, Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 42.
[108]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee Hansard,
6 June 2006, p. 28.
[109]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee Hansard,
6 June 2006, p. 35.
[110]
Mr Stephen Oxley, Marine Division, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 53.
[111]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee Hansard,
6 June 2006, p. 29.
[112]
Mr Anthony Flaherty, Marine and Coastal Community Network, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 9.
[113]
Mr Richard Leck, , National Marine and Coastal Policy Officer, WWF Australia,
Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 45.
[114]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee Hansard,
6 June 2006, p. 26.
[115]
Mr Anthony Flaherty, Marine and Coastal Community Network, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 2.
[116]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee Hansard,
6 June 2006, p. 26.
[117]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126, p. 2.
[118]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126, p. 4.
[119]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Review of the Great Barrier
Reef Marine Park Act 1975 Review Panel Report, 2 October 2006: http://www.deh.gov.au/coasts/publications/pubs/gbr-marine-park-act.pdf,
accessed 19 December 2006.
[120]
Committee Hansard 16 June 2006, p. 42.
[121]
Committee Hansard 6 June 2006, p. 30.
[122]
Mr Richard Leck, WWF Australia, Committee Hansard 21 April 2006, p. 39.
[123]
Mr Richard Leck, WWF Australia, Committee Hansard 21 April 2006, p. 38.
[124]
Submission 197.
[125]
Mr Richard Leck, WWF Australia, Committee Hansard 21 April 2006, p. 38.
[126]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Review of the Great Barrier
Reef Marine Park Act 1975 Review Panel Report, 2 October 2006: http://www.deh.gov.au/coasts/publications/pubs/gbr-marine-park-act.pdf,
accessed 19 December 2006.
[127]
Narooma Port Committee, Submission 127.
[128]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 26.
Chapter 5 - Threats to the reserve system - fire
[1]
Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 70.
[2]
Submission 22, p. 1.
[3]
Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 16.
[4]
Committee Hansard 31 March 2006, p. 29.
[5]
Submission 45, p. 5.
[6]
Pastoralists and Graziers Association of Western Australia, Committee
Hansard, 31 August 2006, p. 39.
[7]
Committee Hansard, 10 September 2006, p. 40.
[8]
Submission 130, p. 10.
[9]
Submission 155, p. 31.
[10]
NSW Department of Environment and Conservation (2006), Frequently asked
questions about fire management in NSW national parks, http://www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au/npws.nsf/Content/fire_faqs
[11]
Submission 175, p. 14.
[12]
AgForce Queensland, Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 93.
[13]
Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 57.
[14]
Submission 155, p. 31.
[15]
Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 57.
[16]
Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 57.
[17]
S Ellis, P Kanowski & R Whelan (2004), National Inquiry on Bushfire
Mitigation and Management, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, p. xxv.
[18]
House of Representatives Select Committee into the recent Australian
bushfires (2003), 'A Nation Charred': Inquiry into the Recent Australian
Bushfires. Available at: http://www.aph.gov.au/house/committee/bushfires/inquiry/report.htm
[19]
S Ellis, P Kanowski & R Whelan, Council of Australian Governments 2004,
National Inquiry on Bushfire Mitigation and Management. Available at: http://www.coagbushfireenquiry.gov.au/findings.htm#downloading
[20]
Australian Government (2004), 'A Nation Charred: Inquiry into the
Recent Australian Bushfires, House of Representatives Select Committee on the
Recent Australian Bushfires' – Australian Government Position, pp 10–11.
Available at: http://www.aph.gov.au/house/committee/bushfires/inquiry/govt_response.pdf
[21]
Submission 73, p. 4.
[22]
House of Representatives Select Committee into the recent Australian
bushfires (2003), 'A Nation Charred': Inquiry into the Recent Australian
Bushfires. Available at: http://www.aph.gov.au/house/committee/bushfires/inquiry/report.htm
[23]
S Ellis, P Kanowski & R Whelan, Council of Australian Governments2004,
National Inquiry on Bushfire Mitigation and Management. Available at: http://www.coagbushfireenquiry.gov.au/report/recommendations.htm
[24]
Submission 88, p. 4.
[25]
Submission 59, p. 7.
[26]
Submission 154, p. 13.
[27]
Submission 73, p. 4.
[28]
Submission 5, p. 2.
[29]
Associate Professor Geoffrey Wescott, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2006, pp 19–20.
[30]
NSW Department of Environment and Conservation (2006), Frequently asked
questions about fire management in NSW national parks,
available at: http://www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au/npws.nsf/Content/fire_faqs#5
[31]
Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, pp 46–47.
[32]
Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 59.
[33]
Committee Hansard, 10 September 2006, pp 6–7.
[34]
Committee Hansard, 30 June 2006, p. 20.
[35]
Committee Hansard, 30 June 2006, p. 20.
[36]
Committee Hansard, 30 June 2006, p. 28.
[37]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, pp 94–95.
[38]
Submission 29, p. 4.
[39]
Submission 76, pp 11–12.
[40]
Submission 76, p. 13.
[41]
Submission 83, p. 3.
[42]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126,
p. 15.
[43]
Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 58.
[44]
Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 58.
[45]
Committee Hansard, 10 September 2006, p. 39.
[46]
Department of Conservation and Land Management, Western Australia, Submission
135, p. 16.
[47]
Committee Hansard, 10 September 2006, p. 40.
[48]
Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 39.
[49]
Department for Environment and Heritage, South Australia, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 46.
[50]
Department for Environment and Heritage, South Australia, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 48.
[51]
Submission 175, p. 21.
[52]
Submission 175, p. 15.
[53]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126,
p. 15.
[54]
Department of Environment and Heritage, Committee Hansard, 28 June 2006, p. 41.
[55]
Mrs Barbara Tjikatu AM, Anangu traditional owner, Member, Uluru-Kata Tjuta
Board of Management, through Ms Kathy Tozer, interpreter, Committee Hansard,
28 June 2006, pp 28–29.
[56]
Committee Hansard, 30 June 2006, p. 65.
[57]
Committee Hansard, 30 June 2006, p. 74.
[58]
Committee Hansard, 30 June 2006, p. 74.
[59]
Aboriginal Rainforest Council, Committee Hansard, 30 June 2006, pp 71-72.
[60]
Mr Allan Holmes, Chief Executive, Department for Environment and Heritage,
South Australia, Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 47.
[61]
S Ellis, P Kanowski & R Whelan, Council of Australian Governments 2004,
National Inquiry on Bushfire Mitigation and Management. Available at: http://www.coagbushfireenquiry.gov.au/findings.htm#downloading
[62]
Committee Hansard, 31 March 2006, p. 38.
[63]
Mountain Cattlemen's Association of Victoria, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2006, p. 72.
[64]
Submission 20, p. 4.
[65]
Department for Environment and Heritage, South Australia, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 48.
[66]
Submission 161, p. 35.
[67]
Submission 76, p. 13.
[68]
Submission 130, p. 10.
[69]
House of Representatives Select Committee on the Recent Australian
Bushfires, Australian Government Response, October 2003, http://www.aph.gov.au/house/committee/bushfires/inquiry/govt_response.pdf,
accessed January 2007.
Chapter 6 - Threats to the reserve system - feral animals and weeds
[1]
Submission 155, p. 21.
[2]
Senate References Committee on Environment, Communications Information
Technology and the Arts (2004), Turning back the tide – the invasive species
challenge, p. 211.
[3]
Australian Government, Extent and impact of selected ecologically
significant invasive species, 2006, Available at: http://www.nrm.gov.au/monitoring/indicators/pubs/vertebrate.pdf
[4]
Australian Government, Extent and impact of selected ecologically
significant invasive species, 2006. Available at: http://www.nrm.gov.au/monitoring/indicators/pubs/vertebrate.pdf
[5]
Submission 130, p. 5.
[6]
Department of Environment and Heritage, Submission 126, p.
13.
[7]
Queensland Government, web site, Fire Ants – What are they?, http://www2.dpi.qld.gov.au/fireants/,
accessed January 2007.
[8]
Bureau of Rural Sciences, web
site, National Feral Animal Control Programme, 2006, http://www.affa.gov.au/content/output.cfm?ObjectID=D2C48F86-BA1A-11A1-A2200060B0A06278,
accessed January 2007.
[9] Department
for Environment and Heritage, South Australia, Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 50.
[10]
CRC for Australian Weed Management, Killing us softly – Australia’s
green stalkers. A call to action on invasive plants, and a way forward,
2003, p. 2, http://www.weeds.crc.org.au/documents/kus_part_one.pdf,
accessed January 2007.
[11]
Submission 161, p. 28.
[12]
CRC for Australian Weed Management, Killing us softly – Australia’s
green stalkers. A call to action on invasive plants, and a way forward,
2003, p. 6, http://www.weeds.crc.org.au/documents/kus_part_one.pdf,
accessed January 2007.
[13]
Department of Environment and Heritage, Answers received to questions
taken on notice, 31 March 2006, p. 4.
[14]
CRC for Australian Weed Management, Killing us softly – Australia’s
green stalkers. A call to action on invasive plants, and a way forward,
2003, p. 18, http://www.weeds.crc.org.au/documents/kus_part_one.pdf,
accessed January 2007
[15]
'Criteria for Weeds of National Significance' in John Thorp & Rod
Lynch, The Determination of Weeds of National Significance. Commonwealth
of Australia & National Weeds Strategy Executive Committee, 2000, http://www.weeds.org.au/docs/WONS/3,
accessed January 2007.
[16]
Department of Environment and Heritage, Answers received to questions
taken on notice, 31 March 2006, p. 4.
[17]
Department of Environment and Heritage, Answers received to questions
taken on notice, 31 March 2006, pp 4–5.
[18]
Senate References Committee on Environment, Communications Information
Technology and the Arts, Turning back the tide – the invasive species challenge,
2004, p. 214.
[19]
World Commission on Protected Areas (Australia and New Zealand), Submission
137, p. 36.
[20]
Submission 161, p. 29.
[21]
Department of Environment and Heritage, Submission 126, p. 13.
[22]
Submission 155, p. 23.
[23]
Mr Kieran McNamara, Committee Hansard, 10 September 2006, p. 39.
[24]
Submission 135, pp 15–16.
[25]
Queensland Department of Parks and Wildlife, Submission 175A,
p. 2.
[26]
Queensland Department of Premier and Cabinet, Submission 175,
p. 33.
[27]
NSW Government, Submission 155, p. 30.
[28]
Department for Environment and Heritage, South Australia, Submission
194, p. 16.
[29]
Department for Environment and Heritage, South Australia, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, pp 49–50.
[30]
WWF – Australia, Committee Hansard, 31 March 2006, p. 15.
[31]
Submission 89, p. 7.
[32]
Department for Environment and Heritage, South Australia, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 50.
[33]
NSW Government, Submission 155, p. 3.
[34] Department
of the Environment and Heritage, 'Bounceback - Flinders Ranges', 2006,
http://www.deh.gov.au/biodiversity/invasive/publications/bounceback/index.html,
accessed October 2006.
[35]
Department for Environment and Heritage, South Australia. Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, pp 48–49.
[36]
Department for Environment and Heritage, South Australia, Submission
194A, pp 1–3. See also: Kuka Kanyini Pilot Project at
Watarru. Annual Report November 2005, provided as Attachment to Submission
194A.
[37]
Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 46.
[38]
Submission 195, p. 2.
[39]
Submission 130, p. 8.
[40]
Submission 195, p. 2.
[41]
Submission 98, p. 1.
[42]
Submission 130, p. 8.
[43]
Dr Tony Fleming, Head, NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service; Deputy
Director-General, Parks and Wildlife Division, NSW Department of Environment
and Conservation. Committee Hansard, 12 May 2006, p. 12.
[44]
WWF - Australia, Submission 161, p. 4.
[45]
Department of Environment and Heritage, Answers received to questions
taken on notice, 31 March 2006, p. 5.
[46]
World Commission on Protected Areas (Australia and New Zealand), Submission
137, p. 29.
[47]
Mr Paul Warner, President, Australian National Four Wheel Drive Council,
Committee Hansard, 12 May 2006, p. 64.
[48]
Submission 130, pp 8–9.
[49]
Submission 42, p. 2.
[50]
World Commission on Protected Areas (Australia and New Zealand), Submission
137, p. 30.
[51]
Submission 30, p. 2.
[52]
NSW Department of Environment and Conservation. Committee Hansard, 12 May 2006, pp 14–15.
[53]
Submission 1, p. 3.
[54]
Department for Environment and Heritage, South Australia, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 50.
[55]
Pastoralists and Graziers Association of Western Australia. Committee
Hansard, 31 August 2006, p. 36.
[56]
Dr Paul Williams, Committee Hansard, 30 June 2006, p. 24.
[57]
Submission 37, p. 1.
[58]
Mr Christopher Simpson, Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 115.
[59]
Cook Shire Council, Submission 195, p. 2.
[60]
Submission 89, p. 11.
[61]
Submission 5, p. 2.
[62]
Submission 130, p. 11.
[63] NSW
National Parks and Wildlife Service, Deer management plan
2005-2008
for Royal National Park and NPWS Parks and Reserves in the Sydney South Region,
http://www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au/PDFs/RoyalNP_Deer_Management_Plan_2005_Approved.pdf,
accessed October 2006.
[64]
Committee Hansard 5 June 2006, p. 18.
[65]
Mr Philip Maguire, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2006, p. 53.
[66]
Australian Deer Association, Memorandum of Co-operation between
Australian Deer Association (Victoria) and Parks Victoria,
Attachment to Submission 69, p. 3.
[67] Bakers
Vertebrate Pest Control, Submission 18, p. 3.
Chapter 7 - Other threats to the reserve system
[1]
Queensland Department of Premier and Cabinet, Submission 175, p.
27; NSW Department of Environment and Conservation, Submission 155, p.
29.
[2]
Department of Conservation and Land Management, Western Australia, Submission
135, p. 17.
[3]
Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 70.
[4]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126,
p. 15.
[5]
Australian Greenhouse Office, Department of the Environment and
Heritage, personal communication with Committee Secretariat, 19 October 2006.
[6]
Jones, R (2005), 'Recent Science – What is Dangerous Climate Change',
Presented at Climate Action Network Conference, September 2005, Melbourne. Available
at: www.cana.net.au. See also: B Preston
and R Jones (2006), Climate Change Impacts on Australia and the Benefits of
Early Action to Reduce Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A consultancy
report for the Australian Business Roundtable on Climate Change, CSIRO.
[7]
Submission 161, p. 40.
[8]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126,
p. 15.
[9]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126,
p. 15.
[10]
B Preston and R Jones (2006), Climate Change Impacts on Australia and
the Benefits of Early Action to Reduce Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A
consultancy report for the Australian Business Roundtable on Climate Chang, CSIRO,
p. 22.
[11]
Submission 161, p. 40.
[12]
Australian Association for Maritime Affairs, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 26.
[13]
Australian Marine Sciences Association, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 38.
[14]
Australian Marine Sciences Association, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, pp 39–40.
[15]
Submission 189, p. 5.
[16]
S Williams, E Bolitho and S Fox (2003), Climate Change in Australian
Tropical Rainforests: an impending environmental disaster, Proceedings of the
Royal Society of London.
[17]
Submission 161, p. 41.
[18]
Dr Tony Fleming, NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service, Committee
Hansard 12 May 2006, p. 10.
[19]
Submission 137, p. 35.
[20]
Submission 29, pp 2–3.
[21]
Submission 105, p. 8.
[22]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126,
p. 15.
[23]
Mr Neil MacDonald, Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 14.
[24]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council (2004), National
Biodiversity and Climate Change Action Plan 2004–2007, Australian
Government, Department of the Environment and Heritage, Canberra, p. 27.
[25]
Submission 137, p. 20.
[26]
World Commission on Protected Areas, Submission 137, p. 35.
[27]
Submission 152, p. 4.
[28]
See for example: Pulsford, I, Worboys, G, Gough, J & Shepherd, T
(2004), 'The Australian Alps and the Great Escarpment of Eastern Australia
conservation corridors' in David Harmon & Graeme Worboys (eds) Managing
Mountain Protected Areas: Challenges and Responses for the 21st Century; Worboys,
G, Lockwood, M, & De Lacy, T (2005), Protected area management
principles and practice (second edition), Oxford University Press,
Melbourne.
[29]
WWF - Australia, Submission 161, p. 42.
[30]
Mr Doug Humann, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2006, p. 10.
[31]
Dr Michael Looker, Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 32.
[32]
Submission 137, p. 20.
[33] Mr Greg Leaman,
Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 39.
[34]
Threatened Species Scientific Committee (2000), Advice to the Minister
for the Environment and Heritage from the Threatened Species Scientific
Committee on a public nomination of a Key Threatening Process under the Environment
Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, http://www.deh.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/ktp/clearing.html
[35]
Threatened Species Scientific Committee (2000), Advice to the Minister
for the Environment and Heritage from the Threatened Species Scientific
Committee on a public nomination of a Key Threatening Process under the
Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, http://www.deh.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/ktp/clearing.html
[36]
Submission 137, p. 36.
[37]
Department of the Environment and Heritage (2001), 'Biodiversity Theme
Report', Australia State of the Environment Report 200, http://www.deh.gov.au/soe/2001/biodiversity/biodiversity04-1b1.html#areaclearedormodified
[38]
Professor Ralf Buckley, Griffith University, Committee Hansard 21 April 2006, p. 70.
[39]
Submission 105, p. 13.
[40]
Submission 155, p. 32.
[41]
Mr John Bristow, Committee Hansard 21 April 2006, p. 30.
[42]
Submission 7, p. 3.
[43]
Friends of Waite Conservation Reserve, Submission 94, p. 3.
[44]
Government of South Australia, Department of Environment and Heritage
(2006), The Greater Mt Lofty Parklands – Yurrebill, http://www.parks.sa.gov.au/parks/parks/adelaide/adelaide_submap/index.htm
[45]
Department of the Environment and Heritage (2001), 'Biodiversity Theme
Report', Australia State of the Environment Report 2001, http://www.deh.gov.au/soe/2001/biodiversity/biodiversity04-1b1.html#areaclearedormodified
[46]
Submission 105, p. 13.
[47]
Submission 194, p. 10.
[48]
CSIRO, Committee Hansard 31 March 2006, p. 7.
[49]
Professor Christopher Margules, Tropical Landscapes Program, Tropical Forest
Research Centre, CSIRO, Committee Hansard 31 March 2006, p. 7.
[50]
Department of the Environment and Heritage (2001), 'Biodiversity Theme
Report', Australia State of the Environment Report 2001,: http://www.deh.gov.au/soe/2001/biodiversity/biodiversity04‑1b1.html#vegetationclearanceanoverview
[51]
The Environment Association Inc, Submission 129, p. 2.
[52]
Submission 175, p. 24.
[53]
Submission 129, p. 4.
[54]
Ms Virginia Young, Committee Hansard 16 June 2006, p. 96.
[55]
Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 70.
[56]
Submission 137, p. 37.
[57]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126,
p. 14.
[58]
Submission 105, p. 9.
[59]
Australasian Cave and Karst Management Association, Committee Hansard
5 June 2006, p. 64.
[60]
Australasian Cave and Karst Management Association, Committee Hansard
5 June 2006, p. 64.
[61]
Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (2006), Registered
Products Database, http://services.apvma.gov.au/PubcrisWebClient/welcome.do
[62]
Tamborine Mountain Progress Association, Submission 84, pp 1–2.
[63]
Submission 131, p. 23.
[64]
Professor Richard Kingsford, School of Biological, Earth and
Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Submission 118,
p. 2.
[65]
School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New
South Wales, Submission 118, p. 2.
[66]
Professor Richard Kingsford & Jon Nevill, 'Scientists urge expansion
of freshwater protected areas', Ecological Management & Restoration,
Vol 6 No 3 December 2005. Submission 118 Attachment 1,
pp 161–162.
[67]
Professor Richard Kingsford & Jon Nevill, 'Scientists urge expansion
of freshwater protected areas', Ecological Management & Restoration,
Vol 6 No 3 December 2005. Submission 118 Attachment 1, p.
162.
[68]
Submission 3 Attachment 1, p. 4.
[69]
Department of Environment and Heritage (2004), Ramsar in Australia, http://www.deh.gov.au/water/wetlands/ramsar/ramaust.html
[70]
Submission 204, pp 1–2.
[71]
Submission 105, p. 8.
[72]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, State of the
Environment 2006, http://www.deh.gov.au/soe/2006/publications/report/inland-waters.html,
accessed 6 December 2006.
[73]
Submission 29, pp 2–3.
[74]
Australian Speleological Federation, Submission 79, p. 3.
[75]
Submission 79, p. 3.
[76]
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, web site, Groundwater,
http://www.daffa.gov.au/natural-resources/water/groundwater,
accessed 6 December 2006.
[77]
Natural Resource Management Standing Committee, Groundwater Quality
Protection Discussion Paper, Commonwealth of Australia, 2002, p. 4.
[78]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, State of the
Environment 2006, http://www.deh.gov.au/soe/2006/publications/drs/indicator/212/index.html,
accessed 6 December 2006.
[79]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, web site, State of the
Environment 2006, http://www.deh.gov.au/soe/2006/publications/report/inland-waters.html,
accessed 6 December 2006
[80]
National Water Commission, web site, National Water Initiative
Implementation, http://www.nwc.gov.au/nwi/nwi_implementation.cfm,
accessed 6 December 2006.
[81]
National Water Commission, web site, National Water Initiative
Implementation, http://www.nwc.gov.au/nwi/nwi_implementation.cfm,
accessed 6 December 2006.
[82]
Submission 105, p. 10.
[83]
Submission 78, p. 5.
[84]
Submission 116, pp 1–2.
[85]
Submission 29, pp 4–5.
[86]
Submission 29, p. 5.
[87]
Submission 29, p. 5.
[88]
Submission 29, p. 5.
[89]
Submission 60, p. 2.
[90]
Submission 78, pp 9–10.
[91]
Submission 165, p. 2.
[92]
Submission 165, pp 2–3.
Chapter 8 - Threats to the marine reserve system
[1]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126,
p. 13.
[2]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126,
p. 14.
[3]
Australian Marine Sciences Association, Submission 125, p.
3.
[4]
Mr Craig Bohm, Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 25.
[5]
CSIRO, ECOS, Issue 129, p. 6, http://www.publish.csiro.au/nid/216/issue/3810.htm
[6]
Australian Association for Maritime Affairs, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 35.
[7]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126,
p. 14.
[8]
Mr John Harrison, Australian Recreational and Sport Fishing Industry
Confederation, Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 51.
[9]
Association of Marine Park Tourism Operators, Committee Hansard, 30 June 2006, p. 58.
[10]
National Parks Association of NSW, Submission 130, p. 6.
[11]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126,
p. 14.
[12]
Mr Neil MacDonald, South Australian Fishing Industry Fishing Industry
Council, Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 16.
[13]
Professor Frank Talbot, Australian Marine Sciences Association, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 42.
[14]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 32.
[15]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 24.
[16]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 42.
[17]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 14.
[18]
Mr Harold Adams, Australian Association for Maritime Affairs, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 27.
[19]
Dr Richard Kenchington, Australian Association for Maritime Affairs
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 33.
[20]
Dr Richard Kenchington, Australian Association for Maritime Affairs
Committee Hansard 16 June 2006, p. 33.
[21]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126,
p. 13. For further discussion see the Committee's 2004 Report: Inquiry into
the regulation, control and management of invasive species and the Environment
Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Amendment (Invasive Species) Bill 2002,
http://www.aph.gov.au/Senate/committee/ecita_ctte/invasive_species/index.htm.
[22]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126, p.
16.
[23]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126,
p. 16.
Chapter 9 - Effective planning for conservation
[1]
TWS, Submission 131, pp 1–4; WCPA, Submission 137,
pp 20–21.
[2]
The UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Programme proposes an interdisciplinary
research agenda and capacity building to improve the relationship of people
with their environment globally. The Programme targets the ecological, social
and economic dimensions of biodiversity loss and the reduction of this loss. It
uses its World Network of Biosphere Reserves as a vehicle for
knowledge-sharing, research and monitoring. See www.unesco.org/mab
[3]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System – A Partnership Approach, 2005, p. 7.
[4]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Submission 126,
pp 7–8.
[5]
Submission 131, p.2.
[6]
Submission 130, p. 14. See also National Parks Association
Queensland, Submission 134, p. 5.
[7]
Mr Greg Leaman, Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 52.
[8]
World Commission on Protected Areas, Submission 137, p.
20.
[9]
Department for the Environment and Heritage, SA Government, Submission
194, p. 13.
[10]
Department for the Environment and Heritage, SA Government, Submission
194, p. 16.
[11]
Submission 47, pp 1–5.
[12]
Committee Hansard, 1 September 2006, p. 8.
[13]
Committee Hansard, 31 March 2006, pp 19–19.
[14]
National Parks Association of Queensland, Submission 134, p.
5.
[15]
Dr Michael Looker, The Nature Conservancy, Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006 pp 35–36.
[16]
World Commission on Protected Areas, Submission 137, p. 20.
[17]
Committee Hansard, 1 September 2006, p. 12.
[18]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System – A Partnership Approach, 2005, p. 25; See also Mr Keiran
McNamara, WA Department of Environment and Conservation, Committee Hansard,
1 September 2006, p. 34.
[19]
The Wilderness Society, Submission 131, p. 1.
[20]
The Wilderness Society, Submission 131, p. 1; Ms Young, The Wilderness
Society, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, pp 91–94.
[21]
The Wilderness Society, Submission 131, p. 3.
[22]
Ms Young,, The Wilderness Society, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 93.
[23]
The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation (EPBC) Act
1999, s. 337.
[24]
UNESCO web site, Biosphere reserves: reconciling the conservation of
biodiversity with economic development,
http://www.unesco.org/mab/BRs.shtml, accessed 2 March 2007.
[25]
Christine Alfsen-Norodom, 'Urban Biosphere and Society: Partnership of
Cities: Introduction', in C. Alfsen-Norodom, Benjamin D. Lane, and Melody Corry
(eds), Urban Biosphere and Society: Partnership of Cities, Annals of the New
York Academy of Sciences, vol. 1023, pp 1–9, 2004.
[26]
Australian National Commission for UNESCO, 'New Biosphere Reserve proposed',
UNESCO News, 12 June 2003.
[27]
ACT Chief Minister Jon Stanhope made the announcement at the 'Making
Canberra Sustainable' forum in October 2005.
[28]
See ACT Legislative Assembly web site, Standing Committee on Planning and
the Environment, Inquiries, papers and reports: ACT as a UNESCO Biosphere
Reserve, http://www.parliament.act.gov.au/committees/index1.asp?committee=55&inquiry=226&category=14,
accessed 2 March 2007.
[29]
Submission 137, p. 20.
[30]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System – A Partnership Approach, Department of the
Environment and Heritage, 2005, p. 50.
[31]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System – A Partnership Approach, Department of the
Environment and Heritage, 2005, p. 50.
[32]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions
for the National Reserve System – A Partnership Approach, Department of the
Environment and Heritage, 2005, p. 50.
[33]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System – A Partnership Approach, Department of the
Environment and Heritage, 2005, p. 50.
[34]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System – A Partnership Approach, Department of the
Environment and Heritage, 2005, p. 51.
[35]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System – A Partnership Approach, Department of the
Environment and Heritage, 2005, pp 51–53.
[36]
IUCN, Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, pp 24 & 27.
[37]
IUCN, Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 25.
[38]
Coast and Wetlands Society, Submission 7, p. 3.
[39] Coast and
Wetlands Society, Submission 7, p. 4.
[40]
Mr Allan Hansard, National Association of Forest Industries, Committee
Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 16.
[41]
Mr David Green, Committee Hansard, 30 June 2006, p. 27.
[42]
Mr Daniel Gschwind, Chief Executive, Queensland Tourism Industry Council,
Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 64.
[43]
Committee Hansard, 30 June 2006, p. 32.
[44]
Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 33.
[45]
Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 42.
[46]
Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, pp 37–38.
[47]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 5.
[48]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, pp 5–6.
[49]
Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Directions for the
National Reserve System – A Partnership Approach, Department of the
Environment and Heritage, 2005, p. 7.
[50]
Australian Wildlife Conservancy, Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 42.
[51]
Dr John Bailey, Conservation Commission of WA, Committee Hansard, 1 September 2006, p. 83.
[52]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, pp 68–69.
[53]
Mr Neil MacDonald, SA Fishing Industry Council, Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 22.
[54] Marine and
Coastal Community Network, South Australia, Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 8.
[55]
Submission 41, p.9.
[56]
Submission 50, p. 2.
[57]
Australian Association for Maritime Affairs Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 36.
[58]
Submission 21, p. 1.
[59]
Australian Marine Sciences Association, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 47.
[60]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee Hansard
6 June 2006, p. 33.
[61]
Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 25.
[62]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 47.
[63]
Mr Peter Franklin, Commonwealth Fisheries Association, Committee
Hansard 16 June 2006, p. 24.
[64]
Professor Frank Talbot, Australian Marine Sciences Association, Committee
Hansard 16 June 2006, p. 47.
[65]
Mr Anthony Flaherty, Marine and Coastal Community Network, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 8.
[66]
Mr Anthony Flaherty, Marine and Coastal Community Network, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 8.
[67]
Mr Richard Leck, National Marine and Coastal Policy Officer, WWF Australia,
Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 45.
[68]
Mr Peter Franklin, Commonwealth Fisheries Association, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, p. 15.
[69]
Mr Craig Bohm, Australian Marine Conservation Society, Committee
Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 28.
[70]
Committee Hansard, 31 August 2006, p. 2.
[71]
Submission 153, p. 5.
[72]
Submission 104A, p. 1.
[73]
Submission 205, p. 4.
[74]
Committee Hansard, 12 May 2006, pp 4–5.
[75]
Mr Graham Crossley, Australian Trail Horse Riders' Association, Committee
Hansard, 12 May 2006, p. 58.
[76]
Submission 163, Attachment 1, p. iii.
[77]
Submission 163, Attachment 1, p. iv.
[78]
Mr James Sharp, Committee Hansard 10 September 2006, p. 42.
[79]
Mr James Sharp, Committee Hansard, 10 September 2006, p. 42.
[80]
Mr Neil MacDonald, Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 15.
[81]
Dr Tony Fleming, Committee Hansard 12 May 2006, pp 4–5.
[82]
Mr Graham Crossley, Committee Hansard, 12 May 2006, pp 58–59.
[83]
Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 49.
[84]
Department of the Environment and Water Resources, web site, Indigenous
Protected Areas Funding, http://www.environment.gov.au/indigenous/ipa/funding.html,
accessed 27 March 2007.
[85]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Annual Report 2005-06,
p. 73; B. Gilligan, The Indigenous Protected Areas Programme: 2006
Evaluation, 2006, pp 3,17.
[86]
B. Gilligan, The Indigenous Protected Areas Programme: 2006 Evaluation,
2006, p. 3; Department of the Environment and Heritage, Annual Report
2005-06, p. 73.
[87]
Submission 178, p. 9. See also the Wilderness Society, Submission
131, p. 8; Professor Robyn Bushell, Submission 121, p. 4.
[88]
Submission 131, p. 8. See also Professor Jon Altman, Submission
167, pp 2–5.
[89]
B. Gilligan, The Indigenous Protected Areas Programme: 2006 Evaluation,
2006, pp 2–3.
[90]
Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006.
[91]
B. Gilligan, The Indigenous Protected Areas Programme: 2006 Evaluation,
2006, pp 2–4.
[92]
Mr Andreas Glanznig, WWF-Australia, Committee Hansard, 31 March 2006, p. 22.
[93]
Submission 135, pp 8–9.
[94]
Committee Hansard, 6 June 2006, p. 45.
[95]
SA Government, Submission 194A, pp 1–3.
[96]
Department of the Environment and Heritage, Annual Report 2005-06,
p. 73; B. Gilligan, The Indigenous Protected Areas Programme: 2006
Evaluation, 2006, pp 3, 17.
[97]
Mr Peter Cochrane, Department of the Environment and Heritage, Committee
Hansard, 31 March 2006, p. 101.
[98]
Submission 167, pp 4–5. See also Professor Jon Altman, Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, pp 81, 84.
[99]
Committee Hansard, 31 March 2006, p. 22.
[100]
Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 60.
[101]
B. Gilligan, The Indigenous Protected Areas Programme: 2006 Evaluation,
2006, p.26.
[102]
B. Gilligan, The Indigenous Protected Areas Programme: 2006 Evaluation,
2006, p. 58.
[103]
B. Gilligan, The Indigenous Protected Areas Programme: 2006 Evaluation,
2006, pp 5–6, 58–59.
[104]
Submission 167, p. 3.
[105]
Committee Hansard, 31 March 2006, p. 101. See also Committee
Hansard, 16 June 2006, pp 75–76.
[106]
Submission 131, p. 8.
[107]
Mr Peter Cochrane, Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 60.
[108]
Committee Hansard, 20 October 2006, p. 35.
Chapter 10 - Responding to the management challenge
[1]
Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 22.
[2]
Submission 205, pp 8–9.
[3]
Submission 205, pp 10–11.
[4]
Bayside Offroaders Club Inc., Submission 48, p. 3.
[5]
Submission 124, p. 1.
[6]
Committee Hansard, 12 May 2006, p. 5.
[7]
Committee Hansard, 21 April 2006, p. 73.
[8]
Submission 23, p. 8.
[9]
Submission 40, p. 8.
[10]
Friends
of Waite Conservation Reserve, Submission 94,
p. 4.
[11] Submission
83, pp 2–3.
[12]
Submission 212, p. 2.
[13]
Submission 14, p. 1.
[14]
Submission 24, p. 7.
[15]
Dr Tony Fleming, Committee Hansard, 12 May 2006, p. 3.
[16]
Neil Mattocks and Ian Bell, Submission 70, pp 1–2.
[17]
Professor Jon Altman, Committee Hansard, 16 June 2006, pp 82–83.
[18]
Submission 198, Attachment 2.
[19]
Committee Hansard, 30 June 2006, p. 63.
[20]
Tasmanian National Parks Association, Submission 78, p. 3.
[21]
Ms Joyce Dimascio, Committee Hansard, 12 May 2006, p. 22.
[22]
Mr Adrian Johnstone, Australian Ranger Federation Inc., Committee
Hansard, 31 March 2006, pp 67–68.
[23]
The Hon. De | 
